• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 11
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 14
  • 14
  • 11
  • 9
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Estado nutricional e qualidade de vida de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade de municípios da Região Metropolitana de Campinas / Nutritional status and quality of life for students aged 7 to 10 years old of cities in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas

Boccaletto, Estela Marina Alves 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Roberto Vilarta / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T04:06:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Boccaletto_EstelaMarinaAlves_D.pdf: 5693715 bytes, checksum: fc8025fa92778dab1ea00b3a88cb8b6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O objetivo foi investigar estado nutricional (EN) e qualidade de vida (QV) de alunos de escolas municipais de ensino fundamental (EMEF) de municípios com diferentes características socioeconômicas da Região Metropolitana de Campinas. Foram estudados 1162 meninos e 1104 meninas, matriculados nas EMEF de 1ª a 4ª séries, de Artur Nogueira (SP) e Vinhedo (SP). Foi realizada pesquisa em base de dados para descrição das condições demográficas e socioeconômicas; foram investigadas renda familiar (RF) e escolaridade materna (EM) com questionário específico; foram mensurados peso, estatura e composição corporal (CC) - massa magra, gorda e percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) com bioimpedância elétrica; por meio do questionário "Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé" (AUQEI), traduzido e validado para o Brasil, avaliou-se a qualidade de vida (QV) dos alunos nogueirenses. Os critérios de classificação nutricional utilizados foram estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e Sistema de Vigilância Nutricional do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil (SISVAN-MS). Foram realizados Testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Mann-Whitney com Intervalo de Confiança de 95% para comparar sexo, idade, RF, EM e EN entre os municípios; Regressão Logística Politômica de logitos generalizados e odds proporcionais univariada e múltipla para verificação das associações entre RF, EM e EN; RF, EM e CC nos municípios. Para análise da consistência interna das respostas obtidas com AUQEI foi utilizado coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach; para associação entre sexo, idade, RF, EM e EN com a QV foi utilizado Teste de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. Como resultados foram observados que 66,9% das mães dos escolares de Artur Nogueira e 51,1% das de Vinhedo apresentaram no máximo ensino fundamental e 20,9% das famílias de Artur Nogueira e 8,9% das de Vinhedo viviam com até 1 salário mínimo (SM). Ambos os municípios apresentaram prevalências de baixo peso inferiores a 3%; sobrepeso 13,2% em Artur Nogueira e 18,6% em Vinhedo e obesidade em 10,9% e 14,5% respectivamente, valores esses superiores aos adequados. A prevalência de crianças com altos níveis de adiposidade (%GC >30% para meninas e >25% para meninos) foi de 18,9% entre meninos de Vinhedo e 15,9% entre os de Artur Nogueira; 12,5% entre meninas de Vinhedo e 8,3% entre as de Artur Nogueira. Observou-se associação positiva entre RF e excesso de peso e alto %GC e nenhuma associação entre EM e excesso de peso e %GC, nos dois municípios. Os meninos apresentaram maior chance de estarem obesos e com alto %GC. A chance das crianças apresentarem obesidade e alto %GC aumentou com a idade e RF. A QV apresentou associação positiva com a RF e idade. O EN observado foi característico de situação de emergência da obesidade e altos níveis de adiposidade, associados com o aumento da RF, não associados com a QV geral e com a EM não oferecendo proteção para populações de diferentes características socioeconômicas, apontando para a necessidade de adoção de ações em promoção da saúde na escola em âmbito municipal e regional, considerando as características demográficas e socioeconômicas / Abstract: The aim was to investigate nutritional status (NS) and quality of life (QOL) of students in municipal elementary schools (MES) of cities with different socio-economic characteristics of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas. We have studied 1162 boys and 1104 girls enrolled in MES from 1st to 4th grades, from Artur Nogueira (SP) and Vinhedo (SP). The search was done on a data basis for description of the demographic and socio-economic conditions of the cities. There were investigated family income (FI) and maternal education (ME) with a specific questionnaire; there were measured weight, height and body composition (BC) - lean body mass, fat mass and body fat percentage (% BF) with bio-electrical impedance analysis; using the questionnaire "Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Image" (AUQEI), translated and validated to Brazil was evaluated the QOL of Nogueirenses students. The classification criteria used were established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nutritional Surveillance System of the Ministry of Health of Brazil (SISVAN-MS). It was performed Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney test with 95% confidence interval to compare sex, age, FI, ME and NS amongst cities; polytomous logistic regression of generalized logit, proportional odds for univariate and multiple verification of associations between FI, ME and NS and FI, ME and BC in the cities. To analyze the internal consistency of responses obtained with AUQEI it was used Cronbach's coefficient alpha; for the association between sex, age, FI, ME and NS with QOL it was used Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. As a result it was observed that 66,9% of the students' mothers of Artur Nogueira and 51,1% of those from Vinhedo had at most elementary schools degree and 20.9% of the families of Artur Nogueira and 8.9% of the ones in Vinhedo lived up to one minimum wage. Both municipalities have prevalence of less than 3% rates of low weight , 13.2% of overweight in Artur Nogueira and 18.6% in Vinhedo and obesity in 10.9% and 14.5% respectively, higher than the appropriate values. The prevalence of children with high levels of fat (% BF> 30% for girls and> 25% for boys) was 18.9% among boys in Vinhedo and 15.9% in Artur Nogueira, 12.5% between girls in Vinhedo and 8.3% among the ones in Artur Nogueira. There was a positive association between FI and overweight and high %BF and no association between ME and overweight and % BF in both municipalities. Boys were more likely to be obese, with high% BF. The chance of obesity and children have high% BF increased with age and FI. QOL was associated with positive FI and age. The NS observed was characteristic of emerging obesity and high levels of adiposity associated with increasing FI, not associated with overall QOL and ME; this does not provide protection for populations of different features of socio-economic development, leading to the need to adopt health promotion actions in the schools at the municipal and regional level, considering the demographic and socio-economic characteristics / Doutorado / Atividade Fisica, Adaptação e Saude / Doutor em Educação Física
12

Promoção de alimentação saudável para funcionários públicos: uma proposta de intervenção baseada na Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde / Promoting healthy eating for a sample of non-teaching staff of the University of São Paulo (USP): A proposal for nutritional intervention based on the National Policy for Health Promotion (PNPS)

Sakzenian, Viviane Mariotoni 26 November 2009 (has links)
Políticas de governo, nos seus vários níveis, abordam o tema da alimentação e nutrição ressaltando sua importância para a melhora da qualidade da saúde da população. Nas últimas décadas as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) passaram a liderar as causas de óbito no Brasil, ultrapassando as taxas de mortalidade por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias da década de 80. As DCNTs se caracterizam por ter uma etiologia incerta, múltiplos fatores de risco, longos períodos de latência, curso prolongado, origem não infecciosa e por estar associadas a deficiências e incapacidades funcionais. A experiência de diversos países mostra que o sucesso das intervenções de saúde pública, no que se refere aos fatores de risco e à redução da prevalência das DCNTs, tem sido atribuído ao enfoque na vigilância de fatores comuns de risco e na promoção de modos de viver favoráveis à saúde e à qualidade de vida, tendo um custo menor do que as abordagens para as doenças específicas. Em 2005, o Ministério da Saúde apresentou como uma de suas prioridades, implementar políticas promotoras de modos de viver saudáveis, enfatizando as diretrizes da Estratégia Global de Alimentação Saudável, Atividade Física e Saúde (EG) proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e a prevenção do tabagismo. Essas prioridades foram abordadas na Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS), publicada em 2006 que objetiva especificamente contribuir para a mudança do modelo de atenção do sistema de maneira a ampliar e qualificar as ações de promoção da saúde. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de intervenção nutricional para uma amostra de funcionários não docentes da USP, que foram previamente avaliados e apresentaram alta incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade. Esse modelo baseia-se nas diretrizes propostas pela PNPS e usa a educação nutricional como principal instrumento de intervenção. / Government policies, in its levels, addressing the topic of food and nutrition emphasizing its importance to improving the quality of health. In recent decades the Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are now leading causes of death in Brazil, surpassing the rates of mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases of the 80s. The NCDs are characterized by an uncertain etiology, multiple risk factors, long latency periods, a prolonged, non-infectious origin and be associated with functional impairment and disability. Experience in several countries shows that the success of public health interventions, with regard to risk factors and reduce the prevalence of NCCD, has been assigned to focus on surveillance of common risk factors and promote ways of living favorable to health and quality of life, having a lower cost than the approaches to specific diseases. In 2005, the Ministry of Health (MS) presented as one of their priorities, implementing policies that promote healthy ways of living, emphasizing the guidelines of the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health (GS) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and smoking prevention. These priorities have been addressed in the National Policy for Health Promotion (PNPS), published in 2006 that aims specifically to bring about change in the attention system in order to widen and improve the actions of health promotion. This paper presents a proposal for nutritional intervention for a sample of non-teaching staff of the University of São Paulo (USP), which were previously evaluated and showed a high incidence of overweight and obesity. This model is based on the guidelines proposed by PNPS and use nutrition education as the main instrument of intervention.
13

Promoção de alimentação saudável para funcionários públicos: uma proposta de intervenção baseada na Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde / Promoting healthy eating for a sample of non-teaching staff of the University of São Paulo (USP): A proposal for nutritional intervention based on the National Policy for Health Promotion (PNPS)

Viviane Mariotoni Sakzenian 26 November 2009 (has links)
Políticas de governo, nos seus vários níveis, abordam o tema da alimentação e nutrição ressaltando sua importância para a melhora da qualidade da saúde da população. Nas últimas décadas as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) passaram a liderar as causas de óbito no Brasil, ultrapassando as taxas de mortalidade por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias da década de 80. As DCNTs se caracterizam por ter uma etiologia incerta, múltiplos fatores de risco, longos períodos de latência, curso prolongado, origem não infecciosa e por estar associadas a deficiências e incapacidades funcionais. A experiência de diversos países mostra que o sucesso das intervenções de saúde pública, no que se refere aos fatores de risco e à redução da prevalência das DCNTs, tem sido atribuído ao enfoque na vigilância de fatores comuns de risco e na promoção de modos de viver favoráveis à saúde e à qualidade de vida, tendo um custo menor do que as abordagens para as doenças específicas. Em 2005, o Ministério da Saúde apresentou como uma de suas prioridades, implementar políticas promotoras de modos de viver saudáveis, enfatizando as diretrizes da Estratégia Global de Alimentação Saudável, Atividade Física e Saúde (EG) proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e a prevenção do tabagismo. Essas prioridades foram abordadas na Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS), publicada em 2006 que objetiva especificamente contribuir para a mudança do modelo de atenção do sistema de maneira a ampliar e qualificar as ações de promoção da saúde. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de intervenção nutricional para uma amostra de funcionários não docentes da USP, que foram previamente avaliados e apresentaram alta incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade. Esse modelo baseia-se nas diretrizes propostas pela PNPS e usa a educação nutricional como principal instrumento de intervenção. / Government policies, in its levels, addressing the topic of food and nutrition emphasizing its importance to improving the quality of health. In recent decades the Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are now leading causes of death in Brazil, surpassing the rates of mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases of the 80s. The NCDs are characterized by an uncertain etiology, multiple risk factors, long latency periods, a prolonged, non-infectious origin and be associated with functional impairment and disability. Experience in several countries shows that the success of public health interventions, with regard to risk factors and reduce the prevalence of NCCD, has been assigned to focus on surveillance of common risk factors and promote ways of living favorable to health and quality of life, having a lower cost than the approaches to specific diseases. In 2005, the Ministry of Health (MS) presented as one of their priorities, implementing policies that promote healthy ways of living, emphasizing the guidelines of the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health (GS) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and smoking prevention. These priorities have been addressed in the National Policy for Health Promotion (PNPS), published in 2006 that aims specifically to bring about change in the attention system in order to widen and improve the actions of health promotion. This paper presents a proposal for nutritional intervention for a sample of non-teaching staff of the University of São Paulo (USP), which were previously evaluated and showed a high incidence of overweight and obesity. This model is based on the guidelines proposed by PNPS and use nutrition education as the main instrument of intervention.
14

Zdravotno-sociálne aspekty pacientov s bronchiálnou astmou / Health-social aspects of patients with bronchial asthma

LAUKOVÁ, Dana January 2018 (has links)
Current situation: Bronchial asthma is currently a civilization disease with a rapid increase in incidence and prevalence. The knowledge of its health, socioeconomic aspects can help us to predict, eliminate or support factors that will stabilize bronchial asthma. Subject: We have focused on the social situation of adult respondents with bronchial asthma associated with anti-asthmatic treatment. Objectives: According to the subject of research we have set partial objectives (to map out the current treatment of adult respondents with bronchial asthma, to map out the factors that cause the change of asthmatic problems from a health point of view, to map out the factors determining the change of asthmatic problems from a socio-economic point of view, to compare the importance of health and social factors within socially diverse groups of adult asthmatic patients, to identify, diagnose and monitor the use of social security for adult asthmatic patients in the Slovak Republic). Methodology: The following research methods were used - questionnaire, content analysis of documents, standardized asthma control test ACTTM. The obtained data were processed by qualitative and quantitative methods, fuzzy c-cluster analysis too. Research set: The set consisted of specifically selected 506 respondents aged 19 and over with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma in the pneumophysiologic ambulance of the Internal Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Nitra from 1.5.2014 to 1.5.2015. Results: We have found that better socioeconomic conditions of respondent have positive impact on continuing with the treatment of bronchial asthma, with higher score in ACTTM. The stabilization of asthma getting worse by increased BMI. The cost of anti-asthmatic treatment was higher for obese respondents as well as any additional costs. We have confirmed that the socioeconomic situation of the respondent affects the healing costs of bronchial asthma. Treatment costs are positively reduced by lower age, higher education, higher income, psychical type of work. This shows in lower usage of hospitalization, sick leaves based on bronchial-asthma diagnoses. The stability of asthma is kept by older respondents by using spa treatments. It has been proven that the cost of treating bronchial asthma has increased due to several known allergens and risk factors. Because of impurities (dust, mites, moulds and feathers) there has been an increase in asthmatic complications. In addition, we experienced dyspnoea due to cold, humidity and seasonal changes in younger asthmatics who also were affected by air conditioning used mainly at work. With their knowledge and aimed elimination, asthmatic patients can achieve bronchial asthma stabilization as well as reduced treatment costs. Conclusion: Positive socioeconomic characteristics of asthma patients have a positive effect on their health status - control and stabilization of asthma.

Page generated in 0.0581 seconds