This study explores the images that Peruvian mothers of middle and low socioeconomic status hold about childhood. Participants included 91 mothers from four Peruvian cities and information was collected through focus groups. Results show that childhood is seen as a developmental period with its own characteristics and as a period of play and absence of responsibilities. Mothers acknowledge the importance of the affective dimension fordevelopment and perceive the child as an active participant in his surroundings, with cognitive and social capacities. These results reveal a positive view on childhood images in contrast with previous conceptualizations. / Este estudio explora las imágenes sobre la niñez que tienen las madres peruanas de nivel socioeconómico medio y bajo. Se trabajó con 91 madres de cuatro ciudades del Perú mediante grupos focales. Los resultados muestran que la niñez es considerada como un período del desarrollo con características propias, y como una etapa de juego y sin responsabilidades. Las madres reconocen la dimensión afectiva como importante para el desarrollo y contemplanal niño como un ser activo en relación a su entorno, con  habilidades cognitivas y sociales.Estos resultados evidencian una evolución positiva de la imagen del niño en comparación con conceptualizaciones pasadas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:19:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MONICA MARIA BARROS DE SOUZA.pdf: 293950 bytes, checksum: a75939d1b83b5fdf65f00dbc6427c536 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-20 / It is increasing nowadays the number of marital relationship failures in all social levels. The majority of these failures are followed in most cases by breakup. Is is been noticed among married women a change of their value criteria of their male partner. Considering this perspective, the purpose of this research is to reveal the underlying meanings of this female evaluation experienced in the physicalbiological, socio-cultural and psychological areas. The method chose for this research was the qualitative phenomenological approach, which suplies a deeper exploration of the experienced meanings. The results analysis shows a change related to the bibliography provided. It is observed that the married woman finds less worthy her male partner economical power due to her own economical emancipation. On the other hand, they give an accredited relative value of the physical and correlated aspects and they turn to be more demanding concerning the psycho-affective ones. / No mundo atual, em todas as camadas sociais, aumenta o número de fracasso nos relacionamentos conjugais, seguida na maioria das vezes da dissolução dos mesmos. Por outro lado, observa-se por parte da mulher casada, uma mudança nos critérios valorativos do seu parceiro. Nesta perspectiva, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo desvelar os significados subjacentes a essa avaliação feminina, vivenciados nessas três áreas: física, sócio-econômica e psicológica. O método escolhido para tal pesquisa é o qualitativo de base fenomenológica, pois, facilita uma exploração mais aprofundada dos significados experienciados. A análise de resultados aponta uma mudança em relação a bibliografia comentada. A esse respeito, observa-se que a mulher casada graças a sua emancipação econômica, dá menos importância ao poder econômico do parceiro. Por outro lado, confere um valor relativo aos aspectos físicos e correlatos e se torna mais exigente no que diz respeito aos aspectos psico-afetivos.

Réalisé en cotutelle avec Dr. Béatrice Godard, Professeure titulaire à l'Université de Montréal. / Les écrits scientifiques ont démontré un écart important entre les populations, quant à la survie du cancer du sein. Il s’avèrerait que les femmes immigrantes meurent davantage du cancer du sein que les non-immigrantes. Plusieurs études attribuent ce phénomène à une faible adhérence à la mammographie chez ces femmes. Ainsi, une détection trop tardive de la maladie réduit évidemment les chances de survie. Au Québec, le Programme Québécois de Dépistage du Cancer du Sein envoie une lettre d’invitation aux femmes dès qu’elles atteignent 50 ans. Cette lettre est une prescription pour une mammographie de dépistage. Cette étude a démontré que cette lettre est une barrière à la mammographie pour les communautés immigrantes de Montréal, plus précisément la communauté haïtienne défavorisée, et ce en raison de leur faible niveau de littératie. Suite aux résultats obtenus, nous suggérons des modifications à cette lettre d’invitation, afin qu’elle puisse être accessible à toutes les femmes, dont les femmes de milieux défavorisés. / Research has demonstrated significant disparities amongst populations in regard to chances of survival to breast cancer. It has proven to be the case that immigrant women are more likely to die of breast cancer than non-immigrants. Several studies attribute this to poor adherence to mammography testing within this group of women. Thus, late detection of this disease unavoidably reduces their chances of survival. In Quebec, the Quebec Breast Cancer Screening Program sends a letter of invitation to women when they attain 50 years of age. This letter is a prescription for a screening mammogram. The present study has demonstrated that this letter is a barrier for immigrant communities in Montreal, ore specifically the underprivileged Haitian community. This is due to their low level of literacy. Consecutive to the results obtained in this study, we suggest modifications to the letter of invitation, in order to ensure that its content is accessible to all women, including women in underprivileged circumstances.

Les écrits scientifiques ont démontré un écart important entre les populations, quant à la survie du cancer du sein. Il s’avèrerait que les femmes immigrantes meurent davantage du cancer du sein que les non-immigrantes. Plusieurs études attribuent ce phénomène à une faible adhérence à la mammographie chez ces femmes. Ainsi, une détection trop tardive de la maladie réduit évidemment les chances de survie. Au Québec, le Programme Québécois de Dépistage du Cancer du Sein envoie une lettre d’invitation aux femmes dès qu’elles atteignent 50 ans. Cette lettre est une prescription pour une mammographie de dépistage. Cette étude a démontré que cette lettre est une barrière à la mammographie pour les communautés immigrantes de Montréal, plus précisément la communauté haïtienne défavorisée, et ce en raison de leur faible niveau de littératie. Suite aux résultats obtenus, nous suggérons des modifications à cette lettre d’invitation, afin qu’elle puisse être accessible à toutes les femmes, dont les femmes de milieux défavorisés. / Research has demonstrated significant disparities amongst populations in regard to chances of survival to breast cancer. It has proven to be the case that immigrant women are more likely to die of breast cancer than non-immigrants. Several studies attribute this to poor adherence to mammography testing within this group of women. Thus, late detection of this disease unavoidably reduces their chances of survival. In Quebec, the Quebec Breast Cancer Screening Program sends a letter of invitation to women when they attain 50 years of age. This letter is a prescription for a screening mammogram. The present study has demonstrated that this letter is a barrier for immigrant communities in Montreal, ore specifically the underprivileged Haitian community. This is due to their low level of literacy. Consecutive to the results obtained in this study, we suggest modifications to the letter of invitation, in order to ensure that its content is accessible to all women, including women in underprivileged circumstances. / Réalisé en cotutelle avec Dr. Béatrice Godard, Professeure titulaire à l'Université de Montréal.