Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-09-04T12:58:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermevallelouresbrandao.pdf: 12401220 bytes, checksum: 9bc0af060b36cbc30fae487ed61aa6cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-09-04T13:24:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermevallelouresbrandao.pdf: 12401220 bytes, checksum: 9bc0af060b36cbc30fae487ed61aa6cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T13:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermevallelouresbrandao.pdf: 12401220 bytes, checksum: 9bc0af060b36cbc30fae487ed61aa6cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-28 / A ambiência acústica dos lugares é fator preponderante para o adequado desempenho laboral, intelectual ou simplesmente vivencial do ser humano. O local de vivência, se possuir fatores que potencializam a percepção da ambiência acústica, tais como ruído de tráfego, pode causar estresse fisiológico, contribuindo para uma avaliação qualitativa desfavorável do espaço urbano. O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é o conjunto de características acústicas inerentes às linhas ferroviárias, que se materializam no espaço segundo esses preceitos e os irradiam ao entorno. A presença dessas linhas na malha urbana da cidade de Juiz de Fora – MG – influi diretamente na produção do espaço e direciona vetores de crescimento e valoração do solo, representando um importante aspecto a ser considerado nas políticas de produção da cidade. Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as características acústicas ao longo das linhas ferroviárias e suas especificidades, propondo alternativas para mitigação dos problemas verificados nas áreas adjacentes. O recorte desta pesquisa, que se insere no campo da acústica ambiental, se dá pela delimitação de estudo das características acústicas das linhas férreas, focando nas características sonoras das áreas habitadas lindeiras à faixa de domínio na malha urbana de Juiz de Fora. Com relação à metodologia de desenvolvimento, utiliza-se a Revisão Sistemática de Literatura – RSL – para definição do arcabouço teórico referencial e, para realização do estudo de caso, utiliza-se a metodologia proposta pelos referenciais normativos, através de medições in loco. O trabalho se desenvolve em seis capítulos que englobam os conhecimentos necessários à sua realização, focando na aplicação dos conceitos ao ambiente ferroviário. As análises realizadas demonstram que o ambiente acústico ao longo da linha ferroviária é drasticamente impactado pela passagem das composições, provocando o aumento do nível de ruído equivalente para além dos parâmetros normativos de conforto. A partir da situação existente, propõe-se a implantação de um misto de dispositivos convencionais e não convencionais para a redução do ruído, focando em soluções que mantenham permeabilidade visual e busquem reduzir a segregação espacial, gerando resultados que podem ser replicados em outras áreas urbanas, tanto na cidade de Juiz de Fora quanto em outras cidades. Conclui-se que a utilização dos dispositivos de proteção auxilia consideravelmente na redução do nível de pressão sonora equivalente nas áreas lindeiras, entretanto, percebe-se que é necessário o atendimento das edificações do entorno às normas construtivas para mitigação mais eficaz do problema. / Acoustic ambience is a predominant factor for adequate performance levels of work, intellect or simply experiential tasks for human beings. The vivency place itself, when possessing factors that enhance the acoustic ambience perception such as traffic noise can cause physiological stress, contributing to an unfavorable qualitative assessment of the urban space. This research’s object of study is the set of acoustic characteristics inherent to the railway lines, which materialize in space according to these precepts and radiate towards the surroundings. The presence of these railways in the Juiz de Fora city – MG – urban network directly influences the spatial production and directs land growth and valuation vectors, representing an important aspect to be considered in the city's production policies. This work aims to identify the acoustic characteristics along the railway lines and their specificities, proposing alternatives to mitigate problems observed its adjacent areas. The research clipping, which is inserted in the environmental acoustics’ field, is given by binding the study to the railway lines acoustic characteristics, focusing on the inhabited areas neighboring to the railway’s domain range sound characteristics in the Juiz de Fora city’s urban mesh. Regarding the development methodology, the systematic revision of literature method– RSL – is used to define the reference theoretical framework and, to carry out the case study, the methodology proposed by the current normative references is used, through on-the-spot measurements. The work develops in six chapters that encompass the knowledge necessary for its realization, focusing on the concept application to the railway environment. The analyses performed shows that the acoustic environment along the railway line is drastically impacted by the rail compositions passages, causing an increase in the equivalent noise level beyond the normative comfort parameters. From the existing situation, it is proposed to implement a mixture of conventional and non-conventional devices for noise reduction, focusing on solutions that maintain visual permeability and seek to reduce spatial segregation, generating results that can be replicated in other urban areas, both in Juiz de Fora and other cities. It is concluded that using protection devices greatly assists in reducing the equivalent sound pressure levels in the railway’s neighboring areas. However, it is understood that it is necessary for the surrounding buildings to meet the constructive norms for a more effective problem mitigation.

Sonic Interaction is an area of Interaction Design which has the focus on the sound related interactive system designs. This area of interaction design has not been researched as much as visual interactive systems and because of this, sonic interactive systems are not as much developed and enhanced; This study tries to examine the possibility of improving and enhancing the sonic interactive systems by combining Embodied interaction with Sonic interaction. The main concern of this study is to combine the user’s head movements in a manner of embodiment with sonic interactive systems and explore the feasibility of improvement and enhancement of sonic interactive systems in combination with embodied interaction. For this reason, data from three experiments has been gathered and evaluated into the conclusions of this study.

A la suite d'une lésion nerveuse périphérique, de multiples altérations cellulaires et moléculaires participent à la régénération physiologique du nerf, mais induisent dans certains cas le développement d'une cicatrisation dysfonctionnelle et l'apparition d'une douleur neuropathique chronique. La régulation de la perméabilité vasculaire endoneurale du nerf lésé joue un rôle essentiel dans ces phénomènes de cicatrisation nerveuse, via notamment l'infiltration locale d'immunocytes. L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier le rôle spécifique de l'altération de la barrière hémato-nerveuse (BHN) au niveau du site lésé dans le développement des douleurs neuropathiques périphériques post-traumatiques. Nous avons montré à l'aide de modèles de constriction chronique du nerf sciatique et/ou infra-orbitaire que la disruption précoce de la BHN est un évènement clé de la neuropathie, favorisant l'infiltration locale de substances algogènes et d'immunocytes induisant une neuroinflammation, une sensibilisation périphérique et la neuropathie. L'altération des voies de signalisation Sonic Hedgehog, Wnt/?-caténine et TLR4 au niveau des cellules endothéliales endoneurales, favorise cette disruption en diminuant la synthèse des protéines de jonctions serrées, molécules clés de l'intégrité de la BHN. De plus, l'implication différentielle de ces voies dans des modèles de neurite et de neuropathie apporte un éclairage nouveau à la transition phénotypique entre neurite et neuropathie : alors que la neurite s'accompagne d'une perméabilité vasculaire endoneurale réversible, la neuropathie pourrait être considérée comme une pathologie de la perméabilité vasculaire chronique irréversible. / Following peripheral nerve injury, multiple cellular and molecular alterations occur within the nerve’s parenchyma, participating in physiological healing of the nerve, but can also lead to the development of dysfunctional nerve healing, translating as chronic neuropathic pain. The regulation of endoneurial microvascular permeability within the injured nerve plays a pivotal rôle in physiological and pathological nerve healing, notably via the local infiltration of pro-regenerative immunocytes. The main goal of this work was to study the specific role of local blood-nerve barrier disruption in the development of painful post-traumatic peripheral neuropathy. In sciatic nerve and/or infra-orbital nerve chronic constriction injury models, we showed that early disruption of the blood-nerve barrier is a key event in the development of neuropathy, allowing local infiltration of algogenic substances and immunocytes within the nerve’s parenchyma, responsible for local neuroinflammation, peripheral sensitization and peripheral neuropathic pain development. Among the homeostatic regulatory mecanisms of this barrier, the alteration of Sonic Hedgehog, Wnt/β-catenin and TLR4 signaling pathways in endoneurial endothelial cells, mediates the disruption of the blood-nerve barrier by downregulating key tight-junction proteins. Furthermore, the differential implication of these signaling pathways in models of neuritis and neuropathy shed light on the phenotypical transition between neuritis and neuropathy : As neuritis is associated with reversible endoneurial vascular permeability, neuropathy could be considered a disease of irreversible chronic vascular permeability.

Jean-Philippe Rameau affirme que l'harmonie a pour principe la basse fondamentale. Il soutient également que cette basse fondamentale est quelque chose qui peut se sentir dans la pratique musicale. Néanmoins, il ne considère pas ce sentiment comme une justification suffisante pour son principe. En conséquence, il n'explique pas précisément en quoi ce sentiment peut consister, et préfère donner des arguments physico-mathématiques.La présente thèse traite du problème suivant: qu'est-ce donc que sentir la basse fondamentale, et ce sentiment est-il réellement inapte à justifier ce concept? Pour y répondre, il faut prêter attention aux opérations par lesquelles le lecteur de Rameau est invité à cultiver sa sensibilité à l'harmonie. Il s'agit de commenter ces opérations à l'aide de la phénoménologie de Husserl. Pour produire une phénoménologie de la basse fondamentale, il importe de décrire les sons avec plus de précision que Rameau ne le fait dans ses traités. Cela peut être réalisé grâce au solfège généralisé de Pierre Schaeffer.Mais pour cela, un travail préparatoire est nécessaire. L'introduction vise à montrer qu'il n'y a rien d'étrange, pour traiter de l'harmonie du dix-huitième siècle, à se servir des travaux de Schaeffer. Les quatre premiers chapitres ont pour but de clarifier le concept de basse fondamentale. Les quatre derniers visent à produire une phénoménologie de certains aspects du son, de l'harmonie et de la basse fondamentale. Il apparaît alors que le sentiment peut effectivement justifier la décision de considérer la nasse fondamentale comme le principe de l'harmonie; mais une telle justification n'a pas toute la force que recherchait Rameau. / Jean-Philippe Rameau has claimed that the fundamental bass is the principle of harmony. He also presents this fundamental bass as something which can be felt in musical practice. Nevertheless, he doesn't consider that feeling as a sufficient justification for his principle. As a consequence, he doesn't explain precisely what that feeling consists in, and he prefers to develop some physical and mathematical arguments to prove his theory.This thesis deals with the following issue: what is it like to feel the fundamental bass, and does this feeling really offer no sufficient justification for that concept? To answer those questions, attention has to be paid to the operations by which Rameau's reader is supposed to cultivate his own sensibility to harmony; and they shall be commented with the help of husserl's phenomenology. To provide a phenomenology of the fundamental bass, it is necessary to describe sounds more precisely than Rameau does in his treatises. Such a description shall be achieved thanks to Pierre Schaeffer's generalized solfeggio.But to make it possible, some preliminary work is required. An introduction shall argue that there is nothing strange in using Schaeffer's work to deal with harmony of the eighteenth century. The first four chapters are intended to clarify the concept of fundamental bass. The last four chapters are intended to produce a phenomenology of some aspects of sound, harmony and fundamental bass. At the end of this thesis, it appears that feeling can justify the fundamental bass to be considered as the principle of rules; but this justification does not have the strength Rameau was looking for.

Cauchy problems for elliptic partial differential equations arise in many important applications, such as, cardiography, nondestructive testing, heat transfer, sonic boom produced by a maneuvering aerofoil, etc. Elliptic Cauchy problems are typically ill-posed, i.e., there may not be a solution for some Cauchy data, and even if a solution exists uniquely, it may not depend continuously on the Cauchy data. The ill-posedness causes numerical instability and makes the classical numerical methods inappropriate to solve such problems. For Cauchy problems, the research on uniqueness, stability, and efficient numerical methods are of significant interest to mathematicians. The main focus of this thesis is to develop numerical techniques for elliptic Cauchy problems. Elliptic Cauchy problems can be approached as data completion problems, i.e., from over-specified Cauchy data on an accessible part of the boundary, one can try to recover missing data on the inaccessible part of the boundary. Then, the Cauchy problems can be solved by finding a so-lution to a well-posed boundary value problem for which the recovered data constitute a boundary condition on the inaccessible part of the boundary. In this thesis, we use natural linearization approach to transform the linear Cauchy problem into a problem of solving a linear operator equation. We consider this operator in a weaker image space H−1, which differs from the previous works where the image space of the operator is usually considered as L2 . The lower smoothness of the image space will make a problem a bit more ill-posed. But under such settings, we can prove the compactness of the considered operator. At the same time, it allows a relaxation of the assumption concerning noise. The numerical methods that can cope with these ill-posed operator equations are the so called regularization methods. One prominent example of such regularization methods is Tikhonov regularization which is frequently used in practice. Tikhonov regularization can be considered as a least-squares tracking of data with a regularization term. In this thesis we discuss a possibility to improve the reconstruction accuracy of the Tikhonov regularization method by using an iterative modification of Tikhonov regularization. With this iterated Tikhonov regularization the effect of the penalty term fades away as iterations go on. In the application of iterated Tikhonov regularization, we find that for severely ill-posed problems such as elliptic Cauchy problems, discretization has such a powerful influence on the accuracy of the regularized solution that only with some reasonable discretization level, desirable accuracy can be achieved. Thus, regularization by projection method which is commonly known as self-regularization is also considered in this thesis. With this method, the regularization is achieved only by discretization along with an appropriate choice of discretization level. For all regularization methods, the choice of an appropriate regularization parameter is a crucial issue. For this purpose, we propose the balancing principle which is a recently introduced powerful technique for the choice of the regularization parameter. While applying this principle, a balance between the components related to the convergence rate and stability in the accuracy estimates has to be made. The main advantage of the balancing principle is that it can work in an adaptive way to obtain an appropriate value of the regularization parameter, and it does not use any quantitative knowledge of convergence rate or stability. The accuracy provided by this adaptive strategy is worse only by a constant factor than one could achieve in the case of known stability and convergence rates. We apply the balancing principle in both iterated Tikhonov regularization and self-regularization methods to choose the proper regularization parameters. In the thesis, we also investigate numerical techniques based on iterative Tikhonov regular-ization for nonlinear elliptic Cauchy problems. We consider two types of problems. In the first kind, the nonlinear problem can be transformed to a linear problem while in the second kind, linearization of the nonlinear problem is not possible, and for this we propose a special iterative method which differs from methods such as Landweber iteration and Newton-type method which are usually based on the calculation of the Frech´et derivative or adjoint of the equation. Abundant examples are presented in the thesis, which illustrate the performance of the pro-posed regularization methods as well as the balancing principle. At the same time, these examples can be viewed as a support for the theoretical results achieved in this thesis. In the end of this thesis, we describe the sonic boom problem, where we first encountered the ill-posed nonlinear Cauchy problem. This is a very difficult problem and hence we took this problem to provide a motivation for the model problems. These model problems are discussed one by one in the thesis in the increasing order of difficulty, ending with the nonlinear problems in Chapter 5. The main results of the dissertation are communicated in the article [35].

Ce travail porte sur le développement de méthodes numériques innovantes pour la conception aéro-acoustique optimale de forme des configurations supersoniques. Ce manuscrit présente tout d'abord l'analyse et le développement des approches numériques pour la prévision du bang sonique . Le couplage du calcul CFD tridimensionnel en champ proche prenant en compte la décomposition multipolaire de Fourier et la propagation atmosphérique basée sur un algorithme de tracé de rayons est amélioré par l’intégration d'un processus automatique d' adaptation anisotrope de maillage. La deuxième partie de ce travail se concentre sur l’élaboration et l'application des techniques de conception pour l'optimisation d'une configuration aile-fuselage supersonique. Un module de conception inverse, AIDA , fournit à partir d'une signature acoustique cible au sol à faible bang sonique la géométrie de la configuration correspondante. Pour améliorer a la fois les performances acoustique et aérodynamique, des techniques d'optimisation directes de forme sont utilisées pour résoudre des problèmes d'optimisation mono et multi- disciplinaires et une analyse détaillée est réalisée. Des stratégies innovantes basées sur la coopération et les jeux compétitifs sont enfin appliquées au problème d'optimisation multidisciplinaire offrant une alternative aux algorithmes traditionnels MDO . L’hybridation de ces deux stratégies ouvre la voie a une nouvelle façon d'explorer le front de Pareto de manière efficace. Celle-ci est mise en application sur un cas pratique. / This work addresses the development of original numerical methods for the aero-acoustic optimal shape design of supersonic configurations. The first axis of the present research is the enhancement of numerical approaches for the prediction of sonic boom. The three dimensional CFD near-field prediction matched using a multipole decomposition approach coupled with atmospheric propagation using on a ray-tracing algorithm is improved by the integration of an automated anisotropic mesh adaptation process. The second part of this work focuses on the formulation and development of design techniques for the optimization of a supersonic wing-body configuration. An inverse design module, AIDA, is able to determine an equivalent configuration provided a target shaped signature at ground level corresponding to a low-boom profile. In order to improve both the aerodynamic and the acoustic performance, direct shape optimization techniques are used to solve single and multi-disciplinary optimization problems and a detailed analysis is carried out. At last, innovative strategies based on cooperation and competitive games are then applied to the multi-disciplinary optimization problem providing an alternative to traditional MDO algorithms. Hybridizing the two strategies opens a new efficient way to explore the Pareto front and this is shown on a practical case.

This document focuses on the formal structures and tonal language of four trios that include horn by American composer Simon A. Sargon: "Huntsman, What Quarry?" Two Poems of Edna St. Vincent Millay for Soprano, Horn, and Piano (1990); Trio for Horn, Violin, and Piano: "The Legacy" (1993); A Clear Midnight: Six Songs Set to Poems of Walt Whitman for Baritone, Horn, and Piano (1996); and Sonic Portals: Trio for Oboe, Horn, and Piano (2003). Comparisons with precedent works of like instrumentation demonstrate that Sargon's trios, though musically unique, merit a place alongside masterworks like Carl Reinecke's Trio, op. 188, for oboe, horn, and piano; Franz Schubert's Auf dem Strom for soprano, horn, and piano; and especially Johannes Brahms's Trio, op. 40, for violin, horn, and piano. Other precedent, contemporary, and related works are also mentioned. Sargon's ability to write idiomatically for the horn and other instruments is discussed, and consideration is given to some elements required to create a good performance of Sargon's chamber music. Included are a brief biography of Simon Sargon, letters from colleagues with whom he has worked closely, lists of his instrumental music and recordings of some of these pieces, and lists of other works in the genres discussed herein.

This work deals with main goals and principles of ERP systems. On the basis of the presented principles it presents the proALPHA ERP system and examines it in order to determine external access possibilities. The external access into the proALPHA system is the main goal of this work. The materials management module has been chosen as the part of the system to be accessed. The access will be realized via proALPHA INWB module based on Sonic ESB which is described as well. All set goals of this work were reached.

The aim of this work was to describe available elements from quadcopter model, build the model, describe possible autonomous behavior in space and realize chosen algorithm.

This diploma thesis deals with design and realization of testing modules for detecting a defective peripheral in a mobile robot. One of the modules is intended for the diagnosis of ultra sonic range finder. The second one simulates the behaviour of these ultra sonic range finders, making it able to determine interface on which it is necessary to look for an error.