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Iron age fauna from Sibudu cave, KwaZulu-Natal, South AfricaLe Roux, Andreas 30 July 2014 (has links)
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2014. / This dissertation provides an analysis of the faunal remains
excavated from the BSV and BSS layers from Sibudu Cave,
Kwa Zulu-Natal. Based on ceramics, presence of daga floors and
glass beads found within the layers the BSV and BSS were
classified as dating to the Iron Age period (AD 900-1660) . The
met hod of analysis follows Driver (2005).
The presence of taxa shows that na tural occupants, non-human
predators and human occupants accumulated the faunal material
in Sibudu Cave. The taxa identified provide strong indication
that at this time the site was predominantly occupied by farmers,
who hunted wild ungulates and gathered marine taxa. The
occupants may have used the site as a temporary shelter between
camps or settlements and coastal sites. There is also some
indication that the cave was utilised for religious purposes .
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The fields of wrath: cattle impounding in WeenenKockott, Fred 07 1900 (has links)
This Special Report attempts to capture, in a very readable journalistic style, the fundamental complexity of the conflict in the Weenen District. It is an honest attempt to look beyond the comfortable stereotypes. Hopefully, it will contribute to a clearer understanding of attitudes to land and the conflict around land. There are no easy solutions to this problem. But, hopefully, this report will assist in the process of finding workable solutions to land struggles in Weenen and other neglected parts of South Africa. / Special Report no. 8
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The adoption of Internet technology among general practitioners in KwaZulu-NatalJones, Joanne January 2008 (has links)
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Masters in Business Administration (MBA),
Business Studies Unit, Durban University of Technology, 2008 / The pharmaceutical industry is in the midst of a fundamental transformation.
Time and cost constraints are forcing marketers to search for new ways to
maintain and grow brand awareness. The amount of time that doctors allow
for representatives to market their products is becoming less and less and as
a result products are not getting the exposure they used to. Organisations
that find innovative ways to maintain exposure of their products may gain a
competitive advantage over those organisations that rely on traditional
marketing methods. The prolific increase in the use of the internet may
provide pharmaceutical organisations with a complementary channel to
market their products.
The objective of this study is to determine the levels of internet technology
adoption among general practitioners. The Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM) is one of the most influential research models in studies of the
determinants of information systems/ information technology (IS/IT)
acceptance. In TAM, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are
hypothesised and empirically supported as fundamental determinants of user
acceptance of a given IS/IT.
Using TAM, this study sets out to determine general practitioners’ intention to
use the internet as a source of pharmaceutical information. The literature
review provides an extensive evaluation on the development of TAM and its
application in different technologies. Based on these findings, the researcher
developed this study to investigate internet technology acceptance in the
pharmaceutical industry.
Use is made of the descriptive survey method and data is retrieved from a
sample of 105 general practitioners in Kwazulu-Natal. The observation is
made via the benefit of a questionnaire. The process of sampling is that of
convenient sampling. The analysis is quantitative and makes use of statistical
analysis appropriate for the data.
Analysis of the survey results produces useful insights into the factors
influencing internet technology adoption by general practitioners. When
analysing the independent variables, respondents were not in strong
agreement about the perceived usefulness nor the perceived ease of use of
internet technology as a source of pharmaceutical information. However,
positive results from the relationships between the independent (perceived
usefulness and perceived ease of use) and dependent variables (attitude and
intention to use) provide valuable data with which organisations may develop
internet-based marketing strategies.
Based on the survey findings, recommendations using the Beynon-Davies
(2004) Internet Adoption Model are suggested.
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The prevalence and risk factors of injuries in amateur outdoor and indoor volleyball players in a KwaZulu-Natal North Coast regionMotala, Farzana January 2009 (has links)
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health in partial compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2009. / Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of amateur outdoor and
indoor volleyball players in a KwaZulu-Natal North Coast region.
Methods: The location of the study was the KwaZulu-Natal North Coast region,
which includes two of its districts, viz, Tongaat (Indoor) and Kwa Dukuza
(Outdoor). A total of 115 out of a possible 160 volleyball players participated in
this study which comprised of 68 outdoor and 47 indoor players. The answering
of the questionnaires was done on separate days for both the districts. On the
allocated days, they were given a letter of information (Appendix B) to read and
the questionnaires (Appendix C) to answer. Participation in the study was
voluntary and consent was given by filling in the questionnaire. The researcher
was present on this day to supervise and to collect the completed questionnaires
immediately after the session was completed.
Results: Out of a total of 115 participants, 79 (68.7%) of the participants
sustained an injury due to volleyball. According to results found in this study, the
knee, ankle and shoulder were the most frequently injured sites. 79 Participants
reported to have sustained an injury, 67 participants reported to have a present
injury and 60 participants reported a worst injury. The knee was found to be the
most injured site in both the outdoor and indoor participants, followed by the
ankle. The results in this study show that the use of protective gear can help
minimise injury rates.
6
Conclusion: The prevalence and risk factors of amateur outdoor and indoor
volleyball players in a KwaZulu-Natal North Coast region has been discussed in
this study. With regards of number of injuries, the results have shown that there
is no significant difference between outdoor and indoor volleyball players. In
terms of the site of injuries, the lower limb was affected the most in comparison
to the rest of the body. Results in this study have shown that outdoor players
sustained more knee injuries whilst indoor players showed a high number of
ankle injuries.
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Current perceptions and usage practices of nutritional supplementsStrachan, Keri 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MNutr (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Human Nutrition))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to investigate current perceived role of nutritional supplements in adolescent (16-18 years) male rugby players and establish usage practices within Kwazulu Natal
(KZN) schools.
Methods The nutritional supplementation practices of 68 rugby players from 7 KZN secondary
schools were surveyed using an anonymous paper-based questionnaire. The boys were asked
to identify from a list (with Other as a selection) which supplement they used, the frequency of use, sources of supplement information and advice they base their choices on, where products were bought from, reasons for use, average monthly spend on buying these supplements, whether dietary changes were made in conjunction with taking a supplement and what was their understanding of the role of supplementation in achieving their performance goals.
Results Sixty eight out of 236 invited participants completed the questionnaire. This translated into a response rate of 29%. Fifty four percent of participants admitted to using nutritional supplements, protein and creatine being the most popular products listed (43% and 22% of supplement users, respectively). Thirty five percent of supplement users supplemented daily and 24% supplemented 3-4 times per week. Friends were the most popular source of advice and
information regarding nutritional supplements 32% (n=12), with supplement company representatives the next most commonly used source 22% (n=8). Seventy percent (n=26) of supplements are bought from a pharmacy, with an average monthly cost of R250, but ranging from R30 to as much as R1500 per month. Seventy percent (n=26) indicated that they also made dietary changes in addition to taking the nutritional supplement. These dietary changes included making healthier food choices 81% (n=21), increasing intake of protein foods 65%
(n=17), planned snacks around exercise 35% (n=9), increasing carbohydrate-rich foods 62%
(n=16), increasing fruit and vegetable intake 50% (n=13), and including snacks between meals
35% (n=9). The study participants rated practice sessions and weight training as most important in terms of helping them achieve their goals; diet, rest and supplements were similarly ranked as
being between fairly to very important. Twenty two percent admitted that they would consider
taking an illegal supplement if it would assist them in achieving their goals.
Conclusions
This study indicates that at least half of rugby-playing school boys (age 16-18 yrs) are making
use of some form of supplementation, with protein and creatine supplementation being the most
popular. The data indicate that rugby-playing school boys see their peers as a good source of
information, and are willing to spend a large amount of money obtaining it (about R250 per
month on average). This is concerning as peer pressure combined with lack of knowledge on
nutritional supplement usage (and nutrition) can lead to widespread misuse of supplements, and
potential detrimental side-effects in this young study population. However it highlights the value
that school-level educational programmes (age and sport specific) can have in improving
supplement usage practices and creating sound nutritional practices amongst this population,
better equipping them at making informed decisions. In addition, educational programmes
should be extended to other influential sources of information such as school coaches, teachers
and parents. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die huidige persepsie oor die waarde van voedingsupplemente en die gebruikspraktyke daarvan in 16 -18 jarige adolessente manlike atlete in Kwazulu Natal (KZN) skole te bepaal.
Uitkomste van die studie was om die voorkoms en tipe supplemente wat gebruik word, redes
aangevoer vir die gebruik daarvan, kennis oor die rol van supplemente asook die bron van inligting te bepaal.
Metodes Die voedingsupplementasie praktyke van 68 rugby spelers uit 7 KZN sekondêre skole
is ondersoek deur gebruik te maak van n annonieme vraelys (papier basis). Die seuns is gevra
om van n lys (die opsie ander was ingesluit) te identifiseer watter supplement hulle gebruik,
die frekwensie van gebruik, die bronne van inligting en raadgewing ontvang, waar die produk
aangekoop is, redes vir gebruik, gemiddelde maandelikse kostes aangegaan en of
dieetveranderinge tesame met die supplementasie aangegaan is. Kennis rondom die rol van
supplementasie in prestasie doelwitte is getoets.
Resultate: Agt-en-sestig uit n totaal van 236 deelnemers wat uitgenooi is om deel te neem aan
die studie, het die vraelys voltooi. Dus het 29% van die studie-deelnemers het dus op die vraelys
gereageer. Vier en vyftig persent van die deelnemers het erken dat hulle supplemente gebruik
waarvan kreatien en proteïen gelys is as die mees gewildste produkte (onderskeidelik 43% en
22%). Vyf en dertig persent het daagliks supplemente gebruik en 24% het 3-4 keer per week
supplemente gebruik. Vriende was die mees gewildste bron van raad en inligting (32%), gevolg
deur supplement maatskappy verteenwoordigers (22%). Sewentig persent van supplemente
word gekoop by n apteek en n gemiddelde maandelikse bedrag van R250 word gespandeer,
maar dit wissel van R30 tot soveel as R1 500 per maand. Sewentig persent het erken dat hulle
dieet veranderinge in hul dieet tesame met die supplementasie aanbring. Hierdie veranderinge
het die volgende ingesluit: die keuse van gesonder voedselsoorte (81%); n verhoogde inname van proteïenryke voedselsoorte (65%); beplanning van peuselhappies rondom oefening (65%);
verhoogde inname van koolhidraatryke voedsel (62%); meer vrugte en groente (50%) en die
neem van peuselhappies tussen maaltye (35%). Die deelnemers het oefening met gewigte en
oefensessies as die mees belangrike faktore geag om hul doelwitte te bereik. Dieet, rus en
supplemente is daarnaas gelyk geag as redelik belangrik en 22% het erken dat hulle n verbode
middel sal gebruik indien dit hulle sal help om hulle doelwitte te bereik.
Gevolgtrekkings
Die studie wys dat ten minste die helfte van skoolseuns wat rugby speel (16-18 jr) een of ander
vorm van supplementasie gebruik, waarvan proteïen en kreatien die mees gewildste is. Die
data dui daarop dat skoolseuns wat rugby speel hul tydgenote ag as n goeie bron van inligting
oor supplement gebruik en dat hulle bereid is om groot bedrae geld te spandeer om die
supplemente te bekom (gemiddeld R250,00 per maand). Dit is kommerwekkend aangesien
groepsdruk tesame met n gebrek aan kennis oor supplementasie (en voeding) kan lei tot
algemene misbruik van supplemente en moontlike newe effekte in hierdie jong studie populasie.
Dit beklemtoon egter ook die waarde wat skool gebasseerde opvoedingsprogramme kan hê
om die bewustheid en kennis oor supplement gebruik in hierdie populasie te verbeter om hul in
staat te stel om ingeligte besluite te neem. Dit moet ouderdom -en sportspesifieke
voedingsonderrig insluit. Opvoedingsprogramme moet ook uitgebrei word na ander partye wat
invloedryke bronne van inligting is soos skool afrigters, onderwysers en ouers.
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Developing a strategy to distribute short shelf life products in the high crime township of KwaMashu in South AfricaGill, Paramjit Singh 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: United National Breweries (SA) (PTY) Limited (UNB) has been manufacturing, marketing and
distributing sorghum beer for the last twenty years. Sorghum beer has a short shelf life of five
days and hence requires an integrated and efficient distribution system to back its production
and marketing. Though the company has changed owners twice during this period, it has
retained its knowledge base. The company has outgrown most of its competitors over the last
four years, however in order to maintain its leadership, it has identified better market
penetration through improved distribution as a major area of opportunity.
Almost seventy percent of UNB products are sold and consumed in the townships. These
products are almost exclusively consumed by black South Africans. The analysis done by the
company on the basis of population and market segmentation indicates that the maximum
opportunity of product growth lies in townships most of which are affected by high level of
crime. KwaMashu is one such township in Durban.
B B Bakeries (BBB) has been manufacturing, marketing and distributing bread in most
provinces of South Africa. They are part of Premier Foods. Though their business has been
growing in KwaZulu Natal for the last three years, they have been focussing on improving
distribution in these markets. Bread, like sorghum has a short shelf life and hence depends
heavily on an effective and efficient distribution system. New product variations are also being
explored to gain more market share.
The aim of this study project was the development of an effective physical distribution system
for short shelf life products in crime affected KwaMashu township. “An analysis of the external
environment is undertaken to discover the opportunities and threats that are evolving and that
need to be addressed by the organization” (Drummond & Ensor; 2005: 33). The external
environment for analysis was broken down into three key steps, each becoming more specific to
the organization. The first step was an analysis of the macro- environmental influences that the organization faces. This was followed by an examination of the competitive environment the
organization operates within and for this Porter’ five forces model was chosen. Finally the
integration of such inputs which emerged out of the social environment, business understanding
and empirical data was done to come up with a comprehensive strategy. The departure point
was the analysis of the characteristics of the environment prevailing in the township. These
included study of crime, inputs from police and community policing forum, needs of informal
businesses, role of locals to the trade, their possible impact on thefts and hijackings and changes
if any envisaged in the near future.
The outcome of the study addresses the penetration of the retail segment despite the crime
environment. It had to take risk to vehicles, staff and cash while planning distribution while
ensuring that the company maintains a hold on the retail market to a reasonable degree.
Company’ future growth plans which included new product introductions also had to be taken
into account.
Out of the possible alternatives, the outsourcing of distribution to local vendor drivers was
recommended. Practical guidelines regarding the implementation of such a system keeping in
view the unique environment, in which business is conducted, were discussed.
Recommendations were made keeping such challenges in view while also supporting the
company’ current and future plans. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: United National Breweries (SA) (PTY) Beperk (UNB) vervaardig, bemark en versprei
sorghum bier vir die afgelope twintig jaar. Sorghum bier het ‘n kort rakleeftyd van
vyf dae and vereis dus ‘n geïntegreerde en effektiewe verspreidingstelsel om die
produksie en bemarking te rugsteun. Alhoewel die maatskappy twee keer van eienaars
verwissel het oor die afgelope vier jaar, het die kennisbasis behoue gebly. Die
maatskappy het die meeste van sy kompetisie ontgroei oor die afgelope vier jaar maar
om voor te bly is markpenetrasie deur verbeterde verspreiding as ‘n belangrike
geleentheid gedefiniëer.
Byna sewentig persent van UNB se produkte word verkoop en verbruik in swart
woongebiede. Hierdie produkte word byna uitsluitlik verbruik deur swart Suid-
Afrikaners. Die analise wat die maatskappy on die basis van die bevolking en
marksegmentasie gedoen het dui aan dat die maksimum groeipotensiaal in juis in dié
swart woonbuurte lê wat deur hoë vlakke van kriminaliteit geaffekteer word.
KwaMashu is een so ‘n woonbuurt in Durban.
BB Bakeries (BBB) produseer, bemark en versprei brood in die meeste provinsies van
Suid-Afrika. Die maatskappy is deel van Premier Foods. Alhoewel die besigheid in
KwaZulu Natal gegroei het oor die afgelope drie jaar, het hulle ook gefokus op die
verbetering van verspreiding in hierdie markte. Brood is ‘n kommoditeit wat net soos
sorghum bier, ‘n kort rakleeftyd het en dus afhanklik is van effektiewe en suksesvolle
verspeidingsisteme. Nuwe produktvariasie word ook ondersoek ten einde groter
markaandeel te verkry. Die doel van die studie is om die ontwikkeling van fisiese verspreidingsisteme vir
kort rakleeftydprodukte in die kriminaliteit geaffekteerde KwaMashu woongebied.
“An analysis of the external environment is undertaken in order to discover the
opportunities and threats that are evolving and that need to be addressed by the
organization” (Drummond & Ensor 2005:33). ‘n Analise van die eksterne omgewing
moet afgebreek word in drie sleutel stappe waarvan elkeen telkens meer spesifiek op
die organisasie toegespits word. Die eerste stap is die analise van die makroekonomiese
faktore wat die organisasie beïnvloed. Dit word opgevolg deur ‘n
ondersoek van die kompetisie (mikro) omgewing waarbinne die organisasie sake
doen. Hirvoor is Porter se bekende ‘five forces’ model gekies. Laastens word ‘n
spesifieke kompeterende analise gedoen waarin die kragte wat voorspruit uit die
sosiale omgewing, besigheidsbenadering en empiriese date geintegreer word vir ‘n
omvattende strategie. Die vertrekpunt is die analise van die eienskappe van die
omstandighede in ter sake swart woongebiede. Hierdie sluit die studie van
kriminaliteit met polisie, gemeenskap en polisiëringsforums-perspektiewe, die
behoeftes van informele besighede met die rol van plaaslike handelaars en hul impak
op diefstal en skakings asook veranderings wat in die nabye toekoms geantisipeer
word.
Die resultaat van die studie het implikasies vir die deurdringingskrag van die
kleinhandel ten spyte van die kriminaliteit in die omgewing. Risiko ten opsigte van
voertuie, personeel en kontant moet in ag geneem word tydens
verspreidingsbeplanning. Daar moet verseker word dat die maatskappy sy houvas op
die kleinhandel mark tot ‘n redelike mate behou. Daarmee word die maatskappy se
toekomstige groeiplanne met die invoer van nuwe produkte ondersteun. Van die moontlike alternatiewe word die uitkontraktering van plaaslike afleweraars
aanbeveel. Praktiese riglyne vir die implimentering van sodanige sisteme word
bespreek en aanbeveel in terme van die maatskappy se huidige en toekomstige
beplanning.
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Motivations and expectations of a locally specific group of volunteer home based carers serving people with HIV/AIDS in the Mariannhill regionMahilall, Ronita 31 January 2006 (has links)
South African health systems are struggling to cope with the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Home based care has become an invaluable resource that relieves overburdened and under-resourced hospitals. Home based carers provide basic nursing care and support to patients and their families, in the patient's home.
Little is know about what motivates home based carers. Minimal research has been undertaken to investigate the expectations and experiences of these noble voluntary helpers. This study was conducted with a sample of home based carers at Community Outreach Centre, St Mary's, Mariannhill. Being field focused it used a qualitative research approach and participatory action research methodology. Focus group discussions were conducted with home based carers to explore their needs, motivations and expectations of Community Outreach Centre.
The study enlightens us about issues related to home based care that directly affect them. Despite the painful realities of their lives, they appeared positive about serving as volunteer home based carers. / Social work / M.A. Social Science (Social Work)
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The evaluation of the effectiveness of the Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) strategy for control of pulmonary tuberculosis / The effectiveness of directly observed treatment short course strategy (DOTS) for pulmonary tuberculosisMkuzo, Tandeka Victoria 28 February 2005 (has links)
no abstract available / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)
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The psychosocial well-being of teenaged orphans in a rural community, Kwazula-NatalGumede, Phiwayinkosi Richmond 11 1900 (has links)
Dealing with HIV and AIDS and parental illness and death are realities many teenagers have to face, yet little is known about their psychosocial well-being. This study gauged the psychosocial well-being of teenaged orphans in a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal. Using a narrative approached, data were collected by means of interviews. The study examined the nature of social support available to teenaged orphans and their subjective experiences of well-being. Findings suggest that these teenagers were confronted with drastic changes before and after the deaths of their parents. The ramifications of these and the different ways of coping with orphanhood were explored. Foster parents and other care-givers were found to provide differentially in the needs of the teenagers and this impacted on their well-being and coping. This study extends the literature on children made vulnerable by HIV and AIDS by considering the specific experiences of teenagers. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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The illegal trade in endangered animals in KwaZulu-Natal, with an emphasis on rhino poachingGriffiths, Megan Laura 02 1900 (has links)
The illegal trade in endangered animals in KwaZulu-Natal, with an emphasis on rhino poaching, is tactically addressed in this dissertation. The aim is to expose the nature and extent of these crimes; the victims, offenders and modus operandi involved; the adjudication of wildlife offences; the causes and consequences concerned; the relevant criminological theories to explain these crimes; and recommendations for prevention. This research intends to examine the contemporary pandemic of rhino poaching in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and offer potential techniques for intervention. Furthermore, one of the main goals of the study is to reveal and enhance the extremely neglected field of conservation criminology. A general disregard by society for the environment, as well as the overall ineffectiveness and corruption of criminal justice and conservation authorities, comes to the fore. The purpose of the research is therefore to suggest possible prevention strategies in order to protect the rights of endangered species. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminology)
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