ABSTRACT Hospice and Dementia Special Care Units (DSCUs) have been shown to be gold standards of care for individuals who are dying and for those with dementia in nursing homes. Using a retrospective administrator and family survey, this study investigated whether the processes of care used in hospice and DSCUs are associated with increased quality of end of life (EOL) care for individuals with dementia. A convenience sample of 17 facilities in four states (FL, PA, MD and MA) was included in the study. Nursing home administrators were surveyed between September 2008 and October 2009. The administrators identified 116 family members of decedents with dementia who were surveyed with the End-of-Life Dementia (EOLD) scale as the outcome. The Donabedian Structure-Process-Outcome theory was used to test the hypothesis that the process characteristics of hospice and DSCU will be associated with higher EOLD scores. Hierarchical regression models were conducted for two of the three subscales of the EOLD. The resident risk characteristics (decedent length of stay and resident immobility), the structure characteristics (profit status, percent Medicaid and presence of other palliation), and the process characteristics (hospice, DSCU, dual, and traditional enrolled, and strength of inter-disciplinary team (IDT)] were entered into the model to determine their association with Satisfaction With Care and Comfort At Death. Strength of the IDT was included as a moderating factor of this association. Only DSCU enrollment was associated with increased Satisfaction With Care (SWC; DSCU: b = .31, p < .01). The moderation analysis showed that strength of IDT did significantly moderate the association between DSCU enrollment and increased SWC (DSCU: b = -.09, p < .05). Study implications include the need for more research into DSCUs and Strength of IDT as best practices in EOL care. This study contributes to an expanding body of research on the extra value of enrollment in a DSCU and the role of IDT in quality of EOL care for individuals with dementia in nursing homes.

Initiée dans les années 1960, la radiologie interventionnelle comprend les actes médicaux invasifs ayant pour but le traitement ou le diagnostic d’une pathologie réalisés sous guidage ou sous contrôle d’un moyen d’imagerie. L’enjeu de la thèse est de développer l’analyse sociohistorique de l’émergence d’une spécialité médicale – la radiologie interventionnelle – et d’en étudier les stratégies de légitimation. Trois axes d’investigation interdépendants sont plus particulièrement privilégiés. Le premier d’entre eux vise à comprendre comment est née cette pratique médicale en établissant l’archéologie des innovations dont elle résulte. Dans le deuxième, il s’agit d’analyser les stratégies de valorisation et les modes de faire-valoir de la radiologie interventionnelle. Les velléités d’autonomisation des radiologues interventionnels les ont ainsi conduits à mobiliser différents registres de légitimité (légitimité scientifique, légitimité professionnelle dans le champ médical, légitimité régulatoire). Le troisième axe permet quant à lui la prise en compte de la question de la démarcation sociale et des frontières. Étant porteuse d’une transgression de la dichotomie établie entre sphères diagnostique et thérapeutique, la radiologie interventionnelle a de fait entraîné une reconfiguration des relations entre spécialités. L’investigation s’appuie sur une méthodologie plurielle combinant entretiens semidirectifs, observations in situ (bloc opératoire, scanner, réunions de concertation pluridisciplinaire, consultations) et exploitation de données scientométriques. Une mise en perspective internationale avec la situation canadienne permet d’étudier l’impact des contextes nationaux sur la diffusion et la reconnaissance de la radiologie interventionnelle. / Introduced in the 1960s, interventional radiology includes invasive medical procedures for the treatment or diagnosis of a pathology performed under the guidance or control of an imaging device. The aim of the thesis is to develop the sociohistorical analysis of the emergence of a medical specialty – interventional radiology – and to study its legitimization strategies. Three interdependent lines of inquiry are privileged in particular. The first aims to understand how this medical practice was born by establishing the archaeology of the innovations that gave rise to it. In the second, it is a question of analyzing the strategies of valorization and the ways of valuing interventional radiology. The interventional radiologists’ desire for independence has led them to mobilize different registers of legitimacy (scientific legitimacy, professional legitimacy in the medical field, regulatory legitimacy). The third line of inquiry allows for the issue of social demarcation and boundaries to be taken into account. As it is a means of transgressing the established dichotomy between the diagnostic and therapeutic spheres, interventional radiology has in fact led to a reconfiguration of the relations between specialties. The investigation is based on a methodology combining semi-directive interviews, in situ observations (operating theater, multidisciplinary consultation meetings, consultations) and the use of scientometric data. An international perspective on the Canadian situation makes it possible to study the impact of national contexts on the dissemination and recognition of interventional radiology.

Por um longo período o modelo de assistência em odontologia adotado no país se voltava apenas para um grupo etário da população as crianças e ainda se caracterizava pelo não conservadorismo, com um alto número de extrações, já que não existia uma estrutura que possibilitasse o acesso a outros níveis de atenção. Fato este reverberado pela ausência de políticas específicas de saúde bucal na esfera federal, até que em 2004 surge a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal - Programa Brasil Sorridente. As diretrizes da política propõem a ampliação do acesso a todas as faixas etárias e o atendimento integral em todos os níveis, incentivando estados e municípios a criarem os Centros de Especialidades Odontológicos (CEO), que funcionariam como unidades de referência de média complexidade para as equipes de saúde bucal, oferecendo procedimentos mais complexos e conclusivos complementares aos realizados na atenção básica. O presente estudo analisa essa política de incentivo financeiro federal procurando identificar os elementos que possam ter contribuído ou dificultado a implantação dos CEO nos municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de outubro de 2004 até dezembro de 2008. A análise foi baseada em documentos oficiais e entrevistas com atores relevantes para a compreensão das disputas deste processo. / For a long period the assistance model in dentistry adopted at the country only was turned for an age group of the population the children and it was still characterized by the non conservatism, with a high extractions numbers, since there isnt a structure that made possible the access to the other levels. This fact is reverberated by the absence of specific oral health policies in the federal sphere until that in 2004 the Oral Health National Policy appears - the Smiling Brazil Program. The politics guidelines propose the extended access for all age groups and the integral assistance at all the levels, motivating states and local governments to create Specialties Dentistry Centers (CEO) that they would work about references units of secondary complexity for the teams of oral health, offering more complex and conclusive procedures complementary to the accomplished in the basic attention. This work analyses that financial incentive federal policy trying to identify the elements that might have contributed or hindered the CEOs implementation in the municipalities of the Rio de Janeiro state in the period of October 2004 to December 2008. The analysis was based on official documents and interview with important actors for understanding of the process disputes.

Por um longo período o modelo de assistência em odontologia adotado no país se voltava apenas para um grupo etário da população as crianças e ainda se caracterizava pelo não conservadorismo, com um alto número de extrações, já que não existia uma estrutura que possibilitasse o acesso a outros níveis de atenção. Fato este reverberado pela ausência de políticas específicas de saúde bucal na esfera federal, até que em 2004 surge a Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal - Programa Brasil Sorridente. As diretrizes da política propõem a ampliação do acesso a todas as faixas etárias e o atendimento integral em todos os níveis, incentivando estados e municípios a criarem os Centros de Especialidades Odontológicos (CEO), que funcionariam como unidades de referência de média complexidade para as equipes de saúde bucal, oferecendo procedimentos mais complexos e conclusivos complementares aos realizados na atenção básica. O presente estudo analisa essa política de incentivo financeiro federal procurando identificar os elementos que possam ter contribuído ou dificultado a implantação dos CEO nos municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de outubro de 2004 até dezembro de 2008. A análise foi baseada em documentos oficiais e entrevistas com atores relevantes para a compreensão das disputas deste processo. / For a long period the assistance model in dentistry adopted at the country only was turned for an age group of the population the children and it was still characterized by the non conservatism, with a high extractions numbers, since there isnt a structure that made possible the access to the other levels. This fact is reverberated by the absence of specific oral health policies in the federal sphere until that in 2004 the Oral Health National Policy appears - the Smiling Brazil Program. The politics guidelines propose the extended access for all age groups and the integral assistance at all the levels, motivating states and local governments to create Specialties Dentistry Centers (CEO) that they would work about references units of secondary complexity for the teams of oral health, offering more complex and conclusive procedures complementary to the accomplished in the basic attention. This work analyses that financial incentive federal policy trying to identify the elements that might have contributed or hindered the CEOs implementation in the municipalities of the Rio de Janeiro state in the period of October 2004 to December 2008. The analysis was based on official documents and interview with important actors for understanding of the process disputes.

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2018-03-06T19:26:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) IBICT - Dissertacao Andrea Penna - 8 de noembro.pdf: 5481178 bytes, checksum: b216396a750335e9e614b4a17f727c96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-06T19:26:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) IBICT - Dissertacao Andrea Penna - 8 de noembro.pdf: 5481178 bytes, checksum: b216396a750335e9e614b4a17f727c96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Pesquisa exploratória sobre divulgação científica no Brasil, na área de Saúde, cujo objetivo principal foi identificar e analisar as ações de divulgação científica, no período de 2000 a 2016, empreendidas por Sociedades Brasileiras de Especialidades Médicas, cujos especialistas lidam com as doenças responsáveis pelos maiores índices de mortalidade no Brasil, a fim de verificar como estão sendo desenvolvidas essas iniciativas. As Sociedades Brasileiras de Especialidades Médicas, uma vez que constituem o ambiente da pesquisa, são apresentadas em um breve perfil. O quadro teórico é centrado em alguns aspectos da divulgação científica, como seu nascedouro, diferenças da comunicação científica, sendo ressaltada a contribuição da comunicação social para o tema, embora o enfoque da pesquisa seja a Ciência da Informação. É incluída uma questão polêmica, a discussão sobre quem deve assumir a divulgação científica, o pesquisador ou o jornalista, e ressaltada a dimensão social da área, finalizando essa fundamentação a Divulgação Científica no Brasil.A pesquisa empírica reuniu a análise dos portais das Sociedades Científicas selecionadas e entrevistas com diretores e jornalistas dessas instituições. Na primeira parte, os portais das Sociedades indicam riqueza de informações e a ênfase em materiais de prevenção de doenças e campanhas de promoção de saúde. As entrevistas demonstram, de um modo geral, pouca familiaridade com o conceito da Divulgação Científica, embora há esforço e investimento nessas ações. Os resultados em geral indicam que na Saúde e com base nas Sociedades Brasileiras de Especialidades Médicas, a Divulgação Científica avança e está em vias de consolidação, no Brasil. / Exploratory research on scientific divulgation in the area of Health, having as its main objective the identification and the analysis of actions of scientific divulgation, from 2000 to 2016, undertaken by the Brazilian Societies of Medical Specialties. Their experts deal with diseases that account for the highest rates of death in Brazil. The study aimed at verifying how these initiatives are being developed. The Brazilian Societies of Medical Specialties, as long as they make up the research environment, are briefly presented. The theoretical framework focuses on some aspects of scientific divulgation, like its beginnings, differences in scientific communication, enhancing the contribution of social communication in the area, though focusing this research on Information Science. A controversial issue is included: the discussion about who must assume scientific divulgation, researchers or journalists, and highlighting the social dimension in the area, concluding the theoretical foundation with Scientific Divulgation in Brazil. Empirical research gathered analysis from portals of the selected Scientific Societies and interviews with directors and journalists of such institutions. In the first part, Societies' portals indicate a wealth of information and an emphasis on materials to prevent diseases and health-promoting campaigns. The interviews generally demonstrated little acquaintance with the concept of scientific divulgation, although there is effort and there is investment in these actions. Results, in general, indicate that as far as Health is concerned, and based on the Brazilian Societies of Medical Specialties, Scientific Divulgation moves forward and is in the process of consolidation in Brazil.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-11T11:33:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 elisashizuekitamura.pdf: 1760286 bytes, checksum: 404039646ce1461b73cbe8bce066c33b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-20T15:47:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elisashizuekitamura.pdf: 1760286 bytes, checksum: 404039646ce1461b73cbe8bce066c33b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T15:47:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elisashizuekitamura.pdf: 1760286 bytes, checksum: 404039646ce1461b73cbe8bce066c33b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-16 / Implantados nacionalmente desde 2006, os Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEOs) ofertam serviços odontológicos públicos de nível secundário. Como todos os serviços de saúde, os CEOs devem ser frequentemente monitorados, avaliados e reordenados, objetivando a melhoria da atenção prestada. Uma das formas de se avaliar a qualidade dos serviços de saúde é a partir do grau de satisfação do usuário. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a satisfação dos usuários assistidos nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEOs) da macrorregião sudeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de avaliação realizado por meio de inquérito, abrangendo 11 CEOs em oito municípios, com amostra composta por 256 pacientes atendidos nos CEOs no período de março de 2013 a julho de 2013. Para tanto, utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados o Questionário de Avaliação da Qualidade dos Serviços de Saúde Bucal (QASSaB). Variáveis relativas aos indicadores municipais (extensão territorial, porte populacional, densidade demográfica, IDH, PIB e tipo de CEO), ao cumprimento da produção mínima de procedimentos, ao usuário (idade, sexo, nível socioeconômico), ao acesso, à referência de dor de origem dentária, à autopercepção de saúde e ao tempo de espera por tratamento foram descritas. Utilizou-se o software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 15.0 para processamento dos dados. Foram encontradas avaliações positivas para todas as dimensões analisadas. Ao se avaliar as variáveis contidas no QASSaB (relação dentista-paciente, relação com outros profissionais, desconforto, obtenção de vaga, tempo de espera, equipamento, limpeza da recepção, limpeza dos banheiros, explicação do tratamento, aparência dos dentes, capacidade de mastigação) encontrou-se diferença significante (p < 0,05) entre os CEOs pesquisados. Um escore foi criado a partir da pontuação final obtida com a aplicação do QASSaB a fim de categorizar a satisfação do usuário. A análise final apresentou como resultados: Pouco Satisfeitos (10,2%), Satisfeitos (86,7%) e Muito Satisfeitos (3,1%). Após regressão linear múltipla, as variáveis independentes que se mostraram associadas à satisfação do usuário foram “autopercepção de saúde bucal” (p = 0,001) e “tempo de espera no consultório” (p < 0,001). Conclui-se que a maioria dos usuários está satisfeita com o serviço prestado embora haja diferença na satisfação encontrada entre os CEOs. Acredita-se que variáveis não analisadas no presente estudo, incluindo infraestrutura, recursos humanos e gestão, podem ter tido influência na diferença encontrada entre os CEOs. Espera-se que os resultados encontrados nesse estudo possam ser úteis para a gestão e, num espectro maior, contribuir para práticas e políticas de saúde bucal. / Implemented nationally beginning in 2006, Specialized Dental Centers (SDCs) offer dental services at the secondary care level. Like all health services, SDCs should be frequently monitored, evaluated, and reorganized, aiming to improve the care they provide. One way of evaluating health services quality is on the basis of patient satisfaction levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction at the Specialized Dental Centers (SDCs) in the Southeast Macro-region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is an evaluation study conducted through a survey covering 11 SDCs in eight municipalities, with a sample of 256 patients attended at SDCs between March 2013 and July 2013. Data were collected using the Dental Health Services Quality Assessment Questionnaire (known in Brazil as the QASSaB). Variables related to the municipality (land area, population size, demographic density, HDI, GDP, and type of SDC), to meeting minimum requirements in services provided, to the patient (age, sex, socioeconomic status), to access, and regarding dental pain, self-perceived health, and the waiting time for treatment, were all described. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 15.0, was used to process the data. Positive ratings were observed for all the dimensions analyzed. Upon assessing the variables contained in the QASSaB (dentist-patient relationship, patient relationship with other professionals, discomfort, getting an appointment, waiting time, equipment, reception area and facilities cleanliness, explanation of treatment, teeth appearance, chewing capacity), significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the SDCs surveyed. A score was created from the final ratings obtained from applying the QASSaB in order to categorize patient satisfaction. The final analysis showed the following results: Poorly Satisfied (10.2%), Satisfied (86.7%), and Very Satisfied (3.1%). After multiple linear regression, the independent variables that were associated with patient satisfaction were "self-perceived oral health" (p = 0.001) and "waiting time at the clinic" (p < 0.001). Our conclusion is that most patients are satisfied with the service provided although there is a difference in satisfaction observed among the SDCs. We believe that variables not analyzed in this study, including infrastructure, human resources, and management, could have influenced the differences found among the SDCs. We hope that the results found in this study may be useful in the management area, and in a broader spectrum, contribute to oral health practices and policies.

Orientador: Maria Teresa Miceli Kerbauy / Resumo: O novo arcabouço jurídico referente à participação social por meio das ouvidorias públicas e o acesso à informação, impulsionado pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, contribui para a introdução dos princípios da comunicação pública. A introdução da opinião do cidadão quanto à avaliação dos serviços públicos, a transparência governamental e a proteção dos direitos dos usuários, com o objetivo de promover a governança pública focada nos direitos constitucionais do cidadão e na participação da gestão pública elementos fundamentais para uma participação democrática na comunidade. Salienta-se ainda que as normas jurídicas têm como base, para a criação de ouvidorias públicas, o intuito de promover a participação da sociedade junto ao poder público, ao corresponder através de canais de comunicação legítimos de diálogo e interação, bem como fomentar a veiculação ampla e transparente de informação, com a função de fazer uso da internet para viabilizar a aproximação e o envolvimento do cidadão. Para tanto, a utilização das técnicas de pesquisa bibliografia e documental, conjuntamente com a análise de conteúdo, possibilitou mensurar o estágio dos aspectos de comunicação, informação e participação da sociedade. Assim, cumpre-se com o objetivo geral é analisar os websites dos Ambulatórios Médicos de Especialidades – AMES quanto à comunicação, acesso e transparência pública na veiculação de informações através das tecnologias digitais. O primeiro objetivo é caracterizar a comunic... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The new legal framework for social participation through public ombudsmen and access to information, driven by information and communication technologies, contributes to the introduction of the principles of public communication. The introduction of citizen opinion on the evaluation of public services, governmental transparency and the protection of users' rights, with the aim of promoting public governance focused on the constitutional rights of citizens and the participation of public management, fundamental elements for democratic participation. in the community. It is also emphasized that the legal norms are based, for the creation of public ombudsmen, with the purpose of promoting the participation of society with the public power, by corresponding through legitimate communication channels of dialogue and interaction, as well as promoting the dissemination wide and transparent information, with the function of making use of the internet to enable the approach and the involvement of the citizen. To this end, the use of bibliographic and documentary research techniques, together with content analysis, made it possible to measure the stage of communication, information and participation of society. Thus, the general objective is to analyze the websites of the Medical Ambulatory of Specialties – MAS for communication, access and public transparency in the transmission of information through digital technologies. The first objective is to characterize the communication, the t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Purpose: In an Orthopedic office in Northeast Tennessee clinical decision making about injection options for non-surgical candidates with knee osteoarthritis is unclear. Aims: This quality improvement project will develop a clinical guideline so that providers know criteria for choosing optimal knee alternative treatments for non-surgical knee patients. Outcome measures: An expert panel gave feedback and advice on the information presented for the injection types of Platelet Rich Plasma, Corticosteroids, Amniotic Allograft and Hyaluronic Acid. They edited the guideline then sent the edits back to be complied and edited using the Delphi method. Process and Methods: The expert feedback was then be collected in a non-identifiable fashion and the guideline was rewritten based on the panel advice. Then the guideline was then presented to the practice site and the site reviewed and rated the guideline on clarity, accuracy and ease of use. Results: The guideline was rated by the practice site as able to be adopted into practice and used at the site. Findings and Limitations: Limitations include the practice site is constantly changing and new implementations could be overlooked. The expert panel are all busy professionals and finding time to review and critique a guideline is extensive. Conclusions and Implications: This novel guideline will improve healthcare by eliciting an expert panel of orthopedics that perform injections to assist in compiling the most accurate up to date guideline through which will create enhanced decision making and overall better patient care when choosing knee injections for non surgical patients.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of this mixed methods study is to understand, from the perspectives of seriously ill hospitalized patients, the effect of modifiable physician behaviours on the perceived quality of end-of-life and ACP communication. <strong></strong></p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> A convergent parallel mixed methods design is used. Participants were recruited from inpatient medical wards at two academic hospitals, and a population with a high risk of mortality at 6-12 months was selected. In the quantitative strand, a questionnaire was administered to measure patients’ self-rated satisfaction with their physician’s ACP communication skills. The primary analysis involved calculation of the strength of correlation between individual QOC items and a global satisfaction score. In the qualitative strand, interpretive description methods were used to explore seriously ill patients’ perceptions of the quality of ACP communication with their physicians. The mixed methods analysis phase involved the creation of a merged analysis table.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>From the quantitative strand, three priority behaviours pertained to eye contact, providing full attention, and listening. The three major qualitative themes related to nonverbal behaviours; situating a patient in the context of their background, family and social roles; and assisting patients to make the challenging end-of-life transition. The merged analysis allowed for a fuller, contextualized understanding of why the QOC items with the strongest correlation measures were important from a patient perspective.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This mixed methods study is well-positioned to understand, holistically and from the patient perspective, physician behaviours that influence quality of communication at the end of life.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Postnatal growth of preterm infants does not match recommended intrauterine growth, due to the initial weight loss that accompanies healthy body composition rearrangements after birth. Thus, optimal postnatal growth for preterm infants is currently unknown.</p> <p><strong>Objectives: </strong>(1)<strong> </strong>Collect longitudinal postnatal growth data of 30–36 week GA preterm infants with unimpaired postnatal adaptation; (2) Develop regressions that predict the growth trajectory such an infant will adjust to by days of life 7/14/21; (3) Extrapolate and validate the regressions downwards to 25 weeks.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Infants of 30–36 week GA, born/admitted to 1/5 participating centres between 2008–2012, who met pre-specified criteria for unimpaired postnatal adaptation and who had at minimum 14 days of data were included. Day-specific anthropometric data from birth to discharge were abstracted retrospectively. Z-score regressions for days 7/14/21 were developed. Regressions were then extrapolated to 25 weeks and validated using an independent study population.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 6203 infants, 665 met the screening criteria. By day 14, infants adjusted to stable growth trajectories that were 84±13% of the recommended weight-for-age. Using the following predictors: GA, z-score at birth and hospital-centre, regressions accurately predicted z-scores at days 7, 14 (n=665; R²=0.939, 0.889) and 21 (n=333; R²=0.841). Validation using 25-29 week GA infants (n=173) suggested models were also accurate within this age-range.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide robust estimates of a hypothesis of healthy postnatal growth for preterm infants. Future steps include assessing long-term outcomes in a randomized control trial and assessing the quality of growth using body composition analyses.</p> / Master of Science in Medical Sciences (MSMS)