<p>Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att titta på yoga som terapi. Finns det en förening mellan kropp och själ? Alltså, att kartlägga sambandet och dess betydelse i yogan.</p><p>Jag har använt mig av en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod då jag intervjuat fem personer, fyra kvinnor och en man. Utifrån det perspektiv jag valt så ligger intervjuerna till grund för studien. En kvalitativ metod har som mål att erhålla nyanserade beskrivningar av olika kvalitativa aspekter av den intervjuades livsvärld, den arbetar med ord och inte siffror. En kvalitativ metod används med fördel i små undersökningar med djupa frågor. Ur ett fenomenologiskt perspektiv så skall man se och prioritera exakta beskrivningar från intervjupersonerna. Därför har jag valt att redovisa dem i jag-form. Så att det skall bli så exakt som det går, så varje person får fram sin personliga profil. Min uppsats syftar egentligen till att bekräfta frågeställningen om ett samband.</p><p> </p>

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att titta på yoga som terapi. Finns det en förening mellan kropp och själ? Alltså, att kartlägga sambandet och dess betydelse i yogan. Jag har använt mig av en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod då jag intervjuat fem personer, fyra kvinnor och en man. Utifrån det perspektiv jag valt så ligger intervjuerna till grund för studien. En kvalitativ metod har som mål att erhålla nyanserade beskrivningar av olika kvalitativa aspekter av den intervjuades livsvärld, den arbetar med ord och inte siffror. En kvalitativ metod används med fördel i små undersökningar med djupa frågor. Ur ett fenomenologiskt perspektiv så skall man se och prioritera exakta beskrivningar från intervjupersonerna. Därför har jag valt att redovisa dem i jag-form. Så att det skall bli så exakt som det går, så varje person får fram sin personliga profil. Min uppsats syftar egentligen till att bekräfta frågeställningen om ett samband.

This thesis investigates the connection between the spiritualist movement and the literary ghost story, both of which came to prominence and mass popularity during the second half of the nineteenth century. While existing critical literature has viewed both phenomena as symptomatic of a wider Victorian fascination with the supernatural and the nature and possibility of an afterlife, little attention has been paid to the relationship between the two movements. By examining spiritualist literature alongside the work of both canonical and lesser-known writers, I attempt to address this area. My thesis argues for an understanding of the post-1850 ghost story as a dramatic representation of a new conception of the dead largely created by spiritualism, and reads the appearance, actions, behaviour and narratives of literary ghosts as an ongoing reflection and discussion of this idea.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 440-478). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xxi, 478 leaves, bound col. ill., maps 29 cm

SILVA, Marcos José Diniz. Moderno-espiritualismo e Espaço Público Republicano - maçons, espíritas e teosofistas no Ceará. 2009. 344f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2009. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-10-21T12:32:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009-TESE-MJDSILVA.pdf: 2164001 bytes, checksum: 84bd0ee3a85bb039c73b22635919e47c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-10-21T13:32:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009-TESE-MJDSILVA.pdf: 2164001 bytes, checksum: 84bd0ee3a85bb039c73b22635919e47c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-21T13:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009-TESE-MJDSILVA.pdf: 2164001 bytes, checksum: 84bd0ee3a85bb039c73b22635919e47c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Analyzing the action of freemasons, spiritualist and theologians in cearense public scene in the twentieth century first half, while components of a modern-spiritual configuration, here defined as spiritual approach, influenced by rationalism, positivist-scientificism and saving elements of esoteric and hiding traditions. The modern-spiritual ideas of spiritual evolutions by reincarnation, by planetary and cosmic evolution, by communication between alive and dead (spirits), by fraternity and essencial unit of all religious beliefs; it will be noticeable in the speeches and social practices of their followers, by the formulation of alternative propositions of religious social and political character. In the insertion and diffusion process, here noticed between 1910 and 1930 decades, these new ideas are compared with the dominant Catholicism, in institution reorganization after the republican secularization and the establishment of religious freedom (Constitution of 1891). In the perception of this dispute, it was decided to understand them as components of two configurations: the modern-spiritualist (freemasons, spiritualists, theologians) and the catholic, represented by clergy and its followers; as they save the relation of interdependence, due to the bonds of positive affinity in the first composition, and to the bonds of negative affinity with the second one. From this results a conflicting relation in public scene (press labour, civic, literary, philanthropic associations) when the diffusion of modern-spiritual conceptions of man, society and humanity, such as religious liberty and equality; laicism; “social questions” as moral-spiritual problem; alliance of religion and science; and clarity and universal fraternity among people, beliefs and races, as conditions to the planetary evolution. On the other side, it was the catholic church accusing the followers of the atheism, liberalism, diabolical cult and conspiratorial movement of modernity vices. This way, the freemasons, spiritualists and theologians action as spiritualism belief diverges from traditional spiritualism, it constitutes the original ideological alternative; competing with Catholicism and the party and labour unions of the left, in the religious and social-political disputes in Ceará of the first and second republic. / Analisa a atuação de maçons, espíritas e teosofistas no espaço público cearense da primeira metade do século XX, enquanto componentes de uma configuração moderno-espiritualista, aqui definida como vertente espiritualista influenciada pelo racionalismo, cientificismo-positivista e guardando elementos das tradições esotéricas e ocultistas. As ideias moderno-espiritualistas de evolução espiritual através da reencarnação, de evolução planetária e cósmica, de comunicabilidade entre os vivos e os mortos (Espíritos), de fraternidade e unidade essencial de todas as crenças religiosas; será perceptível nos discursos e práticas sociais dos seus adeptos, através da formulação de proposições alternativas de caráter religioso, social, político. Em seu processo de inserção e difusão, aqui percebido entre as décadas de 10 e 30, do século passado, confrontam-se essas novas ideias com o catolicismo dominante, em reorganização institucional após a secularização republicana e o estabelecimento da liberdade religiosa (Constituição de 1891). Na percepção dessa disputa, opta-se por entendê-los enquanto componentes de duas configurações: a moderno-espiritualista (maçons, espíritas, teosofistas) e a católica, representada pelo clero e seu laicato; à medida que guardam relações de interdependência, em função dos laços de afinidade positiva presentes na primeira composição, e dos laços de afinidade negativa desta com a segunda. Disto resulta uma relação conflituosa no espaço público (imprensa, associações operárias, cívicas, literárias, filantrópicas) quando da difusão das concepções moderno-espiritualistas de homem, sociedade e humanidade, tais como liberdade e igualdade religiosas; Estado laico; “questão social” como problema moral-espiritual; aliança entre a religião e a ciência; e a caridade e fraternidade universal entre povos, crenças e raças, como condição para a evolução planetária. No polo oposto colocava-se a Igreja Católica acusando-os de vícios da modernidade, adeptos do ateísmo, liberalismo dissolvente, culto diabólico e movimento conspiratório. Assim, a atuação de maçons, espíritas, teosofistas, como corrente espiritualista diversa do espiritualismo tradicional, constituiu-se alternativa ideológica original; concorrendo com o catolicismo e as organizações partidárias e sindicais de esquerda, nos embates religiosos e sociopolíticos no Ceará da Primeira e Segunda Repúblicas.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um resgate histórico da chegada do Espiritismo Kardecista à cidade de Boa Vista, a partir do Centro Espírita Lírio dos Vales, situado na Avenida Ene Garcez, paralela com a Rua Cecília Brasil, no estado de Roraima, considerando que estudos dessa natureza se tornam importantes para que o conhecimento científico da religião possa promover a desmistificação de preconceitos, além de promover o conhecimento quanto ao valor social de cada religião, neste caso, a Doutrina Espírita. As metodologias empregadas foram a da pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o Espiritismo com Prandi, Aubrée e Laplantine, Machado e Damazio, Paul Thompson sobre história oral, Maurice Halbwachs sobre memória coletiva, Peter Berger sobre o papel da religião na memória coletiva, e Michael Pollak sobre o silêncio. As entrevistas semiestruturadas se deram com algumas pessoas que participaram de todo o processo de criação do Centro Espírita Lírio dos Vales. / This paper aims to make a historical arrival of Spiritualism Kardecista at Boa Vista from Lily of the Valley Spiritual Center, located at avenue Ene Garcez, paralel With the Cecilia Brazil, in the state of Roraima Whereas such studies become important for the scientific knowledge of religion can promote the demystification of prejudices, and promote knowledge about the social value of each religion, in this case, the Doctrine. The methodologies used were of literature on Spiritualism with Prandi, Aubrée and Laplantine, Machado and Damazio, Paul Thompson on oral history, Maurice Halbwachs on collective memory, Peter Berger on the silence. The semi-structured interviews were those with somo people who participated in the entire processo of creating the spiritual center Lily of the Valley.

Objetivos: Definir o perfil sociodemográfico e a saúde mental em médiuns espíritas,bem como a fenomenologia e o histórico de suas experiências mediúnicas. Métodos: 115 médiuns em atividade foram selecionados aleatoriamente de centros espíritas de São Paulo. Numa primeira etapa foram aplicados os questionários: sociodemográfico e de atividade mediúnica, SRQ (Self-Report Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire) e EAS (Escala de Adequação Social). Todos os médiuns com provável psicopatologia pelo SRQ (n=12) e o mesmo número de controles foram entrevistados com base no DDIS (Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule), SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry) e através de uma entrevista qualitativa. Resultados: 76,5% da amostra eram mulheres, idade média 48,1 ± 10,7 anos, 2,7% de desemprego e 46,5% de escolaridade superior. Eram espíritas, em média, há 16,2 ± 12,7 anos e possuíam uma média de 3,5 tipos de mediunidade (incorporação 72%; psicofonia 66%; vidência 63%; audiência 32%; psicografia 23%). Cada modalidade mediúnica era exercitada entre 7 a 14 vezes por semana em média, não havendo diferença entre os sexos. 7,8% dos médiuns ficaram acima do ponto de corte para transtorno psiquiátrico menor pelo SRQ e a amostra alcançou uma pontuação de 1,85 ± 0,33 na EAS. Houve correlação significativa entre os escores de adequação social e de sintomas psiquiátricos pelo SRQ (r= 0,38 p<0,001). Não houve correlação entre a intensidade de atividade mediúnica e os escores SRQ e adequação social. Os médiuns diferiam das características de portadores de transtornos de identidade dissociativa e possuíam uma alta média (4) de sintomas Schneiderianos de primeira ordem para esquizofrenia, mas estes não se relacionaram aos escores do SRQ ou do EAS. Foram identificados quatro grupos de relatos de surgimento da mediunidade: sintomas isolados na infância ou na vida adulta, quadros de oscilação do humor e durante o curso de médiuns. A psicofonia/incorporação possui como pródromos uma sensação de presença, sintomas físicos diversos e sentimentos e sensações não reconhecidos como próprios do indivíduo. Posteriormente, é sentida uma pressão na garganta e mecanicamente começa-se a verbalizar um discurso não planejado. Aintuição foi caracterizada pelo surgimento de pensamentos ou imagens não reconhecidos como próprios. A audição e a vidência se caracterizaram pela percepção de imagens ou vozes no espaço psíquico interno ou objetivo externo. A psicofonia só ocorria no centro espírita, as demais modalidades mediúnicas ocorriam tanto dentro como fora dos centros espíritas Conclusões: Os médiuns estudados evidenciaram alto nível socioeducacional, baixa prevalência de transtornos psiquiátricos menores e razoável adequação social. A mediunidade provavelmente se constitui numa vivência diferente do transtorno de identidade dissociativa. A maioria teve o início de suas manifestações mediúnicas na infância, e estas, atualmente, se caracterizam por vivências de influência ou alucinatórias, que não necessariamente implicam num diagnóstico de esquizofrenia.¶ / Objectives: This study describes the social-demographic profile and psychopathology of Spiritist mediums, history and phenomenology of their mediumistic experiences. Methods: One hundred fifteen actively practicing medium subjects (27 male and 88 female) were randomly selected from different Kardecist Spiritist Centers in the City of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In the early phase of the study, all participants completed social-demographic and mediumistic activity questionnaires, SRQ (Self-Report Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire) and SAS (Social Adjustment Scale). All medium subjects (n = 12) identified by the SRQ with probable psychopathology, and a control group (12 healthy subjects) were submitted to interview using: the DDIS(Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule), SCAN (Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry), and a qualitative interview. Results: Females were 76.5% of the sample, sample mean age was 48.1 ± 10.7 years; 2.7% of the subjects were currently unemployed; and 46% of the sample had a college degree. Participants indicated being Spiritist for an average of 16.2 ±12.7 years, having a mean of 3.5 different types of mediumistic abilities (receiving/embodiment of an spiritual entity 72%; seeing 63%; hearing 32%; and automatic writing 23%). Each mediumistic modality was carried out an average of 7 to 14 times a week with no gender difference; 7.8% of the medium subjects exhibited a minor psychiatric disorder according to the SRQ, and the entire sample scored 1.85 ± 0,33 points in the SAS. There was a significant correlation between social adjustment scores and SRQ psychiatric symptoms (r= 0,38 p<0,001). There was no significant correlation between the degree of mediumistic activity and either SRQ or SAS scores. Medium subjects differed from dissociative identity disorders subjects and displayed 4 Schneiderian first rank symptoms for schizophrenia that were unrelated to either the SRQ or SAS scores. Four distinct modes of emergence of mediumistic symptoms were recorded: isolated symptoms during childhood, isolated symptoms during adulthood, spontaneous mood fluctuations, and formal courses in mediumistic ability development. A full mediumistic trance process begins with: sensing another presence, experiencing a variety of physical symptoms and feelings, and experiencing vibratory frequencies which subjects attributed to an external source, or spiritual entity. Subsequently, subjects begin to feel pressure in the area of the throat and an unplanned speech is mechanically voiced. Intuition is characterized by the emergence of thoughts and/or images not recognized by the subjects as their own. Hearing and seeing are characterized as the awareness of images and voices within the internal psychic space or as an external object. Full mediumistic trance was recorded exclusively within the Spiritist Centers however all other mediumistic experiences were recorded both inside and outside these centers. Conclusions: The medium subjects included in this analysis displayed evidences of having a high social-educational level, a low prevalence rate of minor psychiatric symptoms and a sound level of social adjustment. Mediumistic trance is very possibly an experience other than a Dissociative Identity Disorder. The majority of the subjects experienced the onset of mediumistic experiences during childhood, and the mediumistic process was characterized by experiences of replacement of the ego mind, or visual and/or auditory hallucinations not necessarily related to a definite diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Cette thèse développe une approche philosophique de l’œuvre de Joris-Karl Huysmans, axée sur le concept de « naturalisme spiritualiste ». Cette approche distingue la réalité, donnée essentielle de l’esthétique naturaliste, d’un réel qui serait marqué par une intensité régénératrice. L’analyse des idées et des figures philosophiques superpose trois parcours labyrinthiques : classique, maniériste et rhizomique. L’impossibilité d’atteindre une synthèse dialectique entre la réalité concrète et un réel mythique conduit Huysmans à un pessimisme où persiste l’influence de Schopenhauer. Par une appropriation singulière de la création artistique, du rêve et du mysticisme, il étend le territoire expérimental du naturalisme. La dérive, le corps et le lieu deviennent les enjeux problématiques qui balisent sa méthode d’investigation et sa quête existentielle. La confrontation avec l’œuvre de Grünewald est fondamentale pour comprendre les paradoxes féconds autant que les apories de la pensée de Huysmans. Le désir de rédemption s’avère illusoire, mais cet échec ouvre le champ d’une inventivité foisonnante, dans l’affirmation tragique de l’être morcelé, entre le sentiment de déréliction et l’intuition du sublime. / This thesis develops a philosophical approach of Joris-Karl Huysmans’ work, based on the concept of « naturalisme spiritualiste ». This approach distinguishes the depiction of reality, a key element of the naturalistic aesthetics, from a real that would be characterized by a regenerative intensity. The analysis of the philosophical ideas and figures superimposes three labyrinthine paths : the classical one, the mannerist one and the rhizomatous one. The impossibility to achieve a dialectical synthesis between a concrete reality and a mythical real leads Huysmans towards a pessimism where Schopenhauer’s influence prevails. Through a singular appropriation of artistic creation, dreams and mysticism, he extends the experimental domain of naturalism. The soul gone adrift, the body and the place become the problematic stakes which mark out his investigation method and his existential quest. The confrontation with Grünewald’s work is fundamental to understand the fertile paradoxes as well as the aporias of Huysmans’ thought. The desire of redemption proves to be illusionary but this failure opens up the scope of a prolific inventiveness, whitin the tragic affirmation of the fragmented being, between a sense of dereliction and an intuition of the sublime.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:12:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 robervania_santiago_barreto.pdf: 566562 bytes, checksum: 83b258c3814b29ffef288c4fde6034a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-01 / This paper aims to make a historical arrival of Spiritualism Kardecista at Boa Vista from Lily of the Valley Spiritual Center, located at avenue Ene Garcez, paralel With the Cecilia Brazil, in the state of Roraima Whereas such studies become important for the scientific knowledge of religion can promote the demystification of prejudices, and promote knowledge about the social value of each religion, in this case, the Doctrine. The methodologies used were of literature on Spiritualism with Prandi, Aubrée and Laplantine, Machado and Damazio, Paul Thompson on oral history, Maurice Halbwachs on collective memory, Peter Berger on the silence. The semi-structured interviews were those with somo people who participated in the entire processo of creating the spiritual center Lily of the Valley. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um resgate histórico da chegada do Espiritismo Kardecista à cidade de Boa Vista, a partir do Centro Espírita Lírio dos Vales, situado na Avenida Ene Garcez, paralela com a Rua Cecília Brasil, no estado de Roraima, considerando que estudos dessa natureza se tornam importantes para que o conhecimento científico da religião possa promover a desmistificação de preconceitos, além de promover o conhecimento quanto ao valor social de cada religião, neste caso, a Doutrina Espírita. As metodologias empregadas foram a da pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o Espiritismo com Prandi, Aubrée e Laplantine, Machado e Damazio, Paul Thompson sobre história oral, Maurice Halbwachs sobre memória coletiva, Peter Berger sobre o papel da religião na memória coletiva, e Michael Pollak sobre o silêncio. As entrevistas semiestruturadas se deram com algumas pessoas que participaram de todo o processo de criação do Centro Espírita Lírio dos Vales.

This is a study conducted in Zimbabwe which compared a group of 50 zvirvere zvechivanhu patients and a group of 50 non-patients in age, sex, marital status, level of education and claims of spirit possession. Claims of spirit possessions and types of spirits, as pointed out by Bennel (1982), were used as symptoms of zvirwere zvechivanhu. The two groups were also compared in symptom dimensions of the SCL-90-R used in the study. The SCL-90-R, developed by Derogatis (1975), is a 90-item symptom check list used to screen people for psychological problems reflected in the nine symptom dimensions of somatization, obsessive/ compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and in the three global scores of Global Severity Index, Positive Symptom Distress Index and Positive Symptom Total. The subjects were chosen from two different sites, using a systematic sampling method. Three statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The Chi-square was used to analyze data on descriptive variables. The T-test and 2 x 2 analysis of variance were used to analyze the data on symptom dimensions and global scores. The study had one main hypothesis and nine subhypotheses. The main hypothesis was that zvirwere zvechivanhu patients were significantly different from the non-patients on the overall global scores. The nine subhypotheses stated that the patient and non-patient groups were significantly different in the nine separate symptom dimensions. The study concluded that the zvirwere zvechivanhu patients were significantly different from the non-patients in the overall global scores. In the nine separate symptom dimensions, it was concluded that the two groups were the same in all except the somatization and obsessive/compulsive system dimensions.