Magistro baigiamajame darbe yra nagrinėjamos galimybės sutuoktiniams vedybų sutartimi sureguliuoti, nustatyti ar pakeisti jų atsakomybės pagal turtines prievoles aspektus, atsižvelgiant į Lietuvos teisinio reguliavimo ir teismų praktikos šiuo klausimu specifiką. Darbe apžvelgiami bendrieji sutuoktinių prievolių prieš trečiuosius asmenis atsiradimo pagrindai, sutuoktinių prievolių rūšys taip pat sutuoktinių tarpusavio turtinės teisės ir pareigos, kurios gali būti vedybų sutarties reguliavimo objektu. Pagrindinė darbo linija siejama su teisinio reguliavimo ir teismų praktikos ištyrimu nagrinėjant tarp sutuoktinių ir jų kreditorių kilusius ginčus turtinių prievolių srityje. Magistro baigiamojo darbo temos aktualumą lėmė teisinio reguliavimo neapibrėžtumas, Lietuvos teismų praktikos ir mokslinės literatūros šiais klausimais trūkumas. Nors teismų praktika nagrinėjant sutuoktinių ir jų kreditorių turtinius ginčus paskutiniu metu yra išplėtota, tačiau ši praktika daugiausia remiasi įstatyminiu sutuoktinių atsakomybės reguliavimu, tačiau pavyzdžių, kaip įtakotų vedybų sutartis šių klausimų sprendimą, Lietuvos teisminėje praktikoje beveik nėra. Šio darbo pagrindinis diskusinis aspektas atsiskleidžia per sutarties laisvės principo, kuris yra pamatinė ir vedybų sutarties dalis, bei imperatyvių teisės normų, kurių sutuoktiniai negali pakeisti vedybų sutartimi, konkurenciją bei turinio aiškinimą. Teisminėje praktikoje daugiausiai ginčų kyla tarp sutuoktinių ir jų kreditorių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities for the spouses to settle, fix or change some aspects of their liability in marriage contract, considering the mandatory Lithuanian law rules and case law on the subject specifics. The paper gives an overview of the general backgrounds of obligations of spouses in accordance with their creditors, types of obligations of the spouses, as well as liability and obligations between the spouses, which may be the subject of regulation of the marriage contract. The general line of the work is associated with the legal regulation and judicial practice in the context of disputes between the spouses and their creditors in matters relating to liability under the obligations, rising during the marriage. Relevance of this study was determined by uncertain law regulation and lack of Lithuanian case law and literature on these issues. While the case law relating the liability of the spouses in respect of their creditors lately is developed, but there are almost no examples, how marriage contract could influence their liability and obligations in respect of third parties. The main debatable aspect of this paper is revealed through the competition and content interpretation of the principle of freedom of contract, which is also a fundamental part of the marriage contract, and the mandatory rules of law, which the spouses cannot overcome by the marriage contract. In case law most disputes arises between the spouses and their... [to full text]

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-23T14:53:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anaclaudiaferreiracezario.pdf: 1505910 bytes, checksum: 07c2c43b54d13874e6c19a8abe7ef2da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-26T14:57:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anaclaudiaferreiracezario.pdf: 1505910 bytes, checksum: 07c2c43b54d13874e6c19a8abe7ef2da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T14:57:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anaclaudiaferreiracezario.pdf: 1505910 bytes, checksum: 07c2c43b54d13874e6c19a8abe7ef2da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-11 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A violência entre parceiros íntimos (VPI) é um fenômeno social e um problema de saúde pública. Entretanto, na maioria dos casos, esta é abordada apresentando apenas a mulher como vítima e homem como seu respectivo agressor. Assim a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo levantar e identificar dados em relação à VPI contra o homem, perpetrada por suas parceiras, no município de Juiz de Fora – MG. Foram utilizados dados qualitativos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas autoaplicadas em 40 profissionais e estagiários da psicologia e serviço social e transcrições de entrevistas individuais com 8 homens vítimas de suas parceiras. Para análise utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Dos resultados encontrados 95.0% dos profissionais e estagiários informaram acreditar na possibilidade do homem ser vítima da VPI e 37.5% afirmaram já terem atendido homens nesta situação. Quanto aos homens vítimas de suas parceiras íntimas, a violência psicológica, o controle do comportamento e a violência física foram as categorias mais apontadas em relação à agressão sofrida. Através deste estudo, percebe-se a existência da VPI contra o homem no município de Juiz de Fora – MG e a necessidade de novos estudos que possam identificar e levantar mais dados quanto a este tipo de específico de violência. / The intimate partner violence (IPV) is a social phenomenon and a public health problem. However, in the most of cases, the violence is discussed only considering the women as victims and men as her respective aggressor. Thus this research aims to investigate and collect information about the intimate partner violence against man perpetrated by his partners in Juiz de Fora. We used qualitative data through self applied semi-structured interviews with 40 professionals and trainees of psychology and social work and singles interviews, recorded and transcribed with 8 male victims of IPV. For analysis, we used descriptive statistics and content analysis of Bardin (2011). Of the founded results 95.0% of professionals and trainees said has believed in the possibility of man to be a victim of IPV and 37.5% affirmed had already attended men in this situation. In relation to men who were victims of their partners, psychological violence, controlling behavior and physical violence were most frequently categories which have been mentioned relative to suffered aggression. Through this study, we notice the existence of IPV against men in the city of Juiz de Fora - MG and the necessity of new studies that should be identify more information on this specific type of violence.

This study applies bereavement and media use theoretical perspectives to examine how survivors use media to cope with spousal loss during the first two years. Specifically, this study explores whether survivors’ television use is associated with grief intensity. Potential associations between television use and grief intensity are explored using an online survey. A media use for coping scale is developed. The relationship between television oscillation (i.e., equal use of television for respite, and to cope with primary and secondary stressors) and grief intensity is also explored, and ten specific moderators of this relationship are examined: recency of loss, type of loss, social support, family proximity and contact, marital relationship quality, economic stability, pre-existing physical and mental health issues, and change in television use. Results were collected from 356 spousal survivors and indicate that television use to cope is associated with grief intensity. Survivors that report high television use in general are using more television for relaxation, companionship, acceptance, positive reinterpretation and growth, and emotional and instrumental support. The most dramatic effects are observed with television use for relaxation and companionship, and the smallest effects with television use for emotional and instrumental support. However, there was no association between television use for respite, or to cope with primary and secondary stressors and grief intensity. Results support the value of social support, family contact at the time of loss, fewer physical health issues, and decreasing general television use in promoting more positive bereavement outcomes. Results support television oscillation as a predictor of grief intensity, but only under certain circumstances. Four of the models show significant moderator effects between television oscillation and grief intensity: social support at the time of loss, family contact at the time of loss, pre-existing physical health issues, and change in television use since the loss. When survivors have less social support at the time of loss, television oscillation is associated with less grief intensity as predicted. However, when survivors have more social support, television oscillation is marginally associated with more grief intensity. Likewise, when survivors have less family contact, television oscillation is associated with less grief intensity as predicted. Conversely, when survivors have more family contact, television oscillation is associated with more grief intensity. When survivors have more pre-existing physical health issues, television oscillation is not associated with grief intensity as predicted. For survivors with fewer pre-existing physical health issues, television oscillation is associated with less grief intensity. When survivors decrease television use by approximately one hour, television oscillation is marginally associated with less grief intensity. On the other hand, when survivors increase television use, television oscillation is not associated with grief intensity. Current general television use was a highly significant control variable in all moderator analyses indicating more television use to cope is associated with more grief intensity. Recency, type of loss, marital relationship quality, family proximity, economic stability, and pre-existing mental health issues did not significantly moderate the relationship between television oscillation and grief intensity. This study extends previous work by merging the bereavement and media use literatures, and in the development of a media use for coping scale. Moreover, it provides important empirical evidence on theoretical models about bereavement. This expands the potential for discussions about the association of individual vulnerabilities with more positive bereavement outcomes.

Caring for a family member or loved one with dementia places a heavy burden on those providing the care. Caregivers often develop chronic depression because of having to deal with this burden. A great deal of literature has been published discussing coping effectiveness, effects of social support, and other internal and external means of support for the caregiver. However, little has been written about the changes, if any, in depression that the caregiver experiences after the termination of care, either through institutionalization or death of the person with dementia. This study examined whether there is a change in depression of spousal caregivers after institutionalization of the dementia care recipient as well as any changes in depression that may have occurred as a result of the death of the dementia care recipient. Two theoretical models, the wear and tear model and the adaptation model were discussed in terms of caregiver depression after institutionalization of the dementia care recipient. Two other theoretical models, the relief model and the stress model, were discussed in terms of caregiver depression after the death of the dementia care recipient. Datasets from the National Institute on Aging sponsored Health and Retirement Study were analyzed. Results indicate that both male and female spousal caregivers report an increase in depression after the institutionalization or death of the dementia care recipient, but that as time passes, males report a decrease in depression while females continue to report an increase in depression.

Although researchers have studied perceptions regarding sexually abused children, little was known about how other types of abusive events were perceived. This study examined 480 college students' abuse history and perceptions of child, spousal, and elder abuse by varying the respondent, victim, and perpetrator genders. Physical abuse, psychological abuse, and neglect were investigated. Perceptions of abusiveness, seriousness, harm, and responsibility were examined, along with the extent of identification with the victims/perpetrators. Participants viewed spousal abuse as less serious and harmful than other abuse types, especially when perpetrated against a male or by a female. Although able to recognize psychological abuse, students did not fully understand what other abuse types entailed. Individuals also showed a considerable amount of blame toward victims. Results further demonstrated important findings about how ethnic identity/orientation, religious affiliation, and history of abuse related to perceptions of abusive events.

Although the number of rapes in South Africa is increasing, there are limited resources to which women can turn in their time of need. This is especially true with regard to spousal rape. The lack of supportive interventions exacerbates the posttraumatic stress women experience due to rape. In order to address this concern, this research seeks to identify and evaluate, by means of questionnaires, various therapy methods which are utilised by pastoral counsellors as well as secular service providers within South Africa. Both Christian women and women who are not affiliated with the Christian religion who have in some way sought assistance from the church and who have experienced spousal rape related posttraumatic stress are interviewed and the results are utilized to propose an alternative approach to pastoral counselling with persons who suffer from rape-related posttraumatic stress. Gender sensitivity is crucial to this approach. This thesis consists of seven chapters. In Chapter 1, Spousal Rape – a challenge for pastoral counselling, explains the motivation for the thesis and gives the research framework. Chapter 2 explores the phenomenon of rape, considering stranger, acquaintance, and spousal rapes. Chapter 3 develops the phenomenon of traumatic stress, particularly as it relates to spousal rape, and Chapter 4 covers the questionnaires returned, and interviews of spousal rape victims. The relevance of spirituality is covered in Chapter 5, and in Chapter 6, a counselling model is proposed with regard to the counselling of spousal rape victims. Chapter 7 deals with the transformation and emotional healing of these victims. There are ten appendixes connected, some containing information, consent and interview questionnaires used with the participants and the remainder contain information such as the Sexual Offences Bill, and DSM-IV diagnostic criteria as they relate to this thesis. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

No description available.

Women are more at risk of experiencing violence involving people at home or close acquaintances, than from virtual strangers and outsiders. Domestic violence affects as many as one in two women in South Africa. Most women may keep secret abusive relationships and this might reside in a deep-seated fear of further abuse or as be frowned upon by a community that endorses social taboos which prohibit speaking about or even implying the reality of incidents of domestic violence. This phenomenological study investigates the actual experiences of women staying in physically abusive relationships. In this study a qualitative approach, involving thorough research, are presentation has been adopted in order to discuss, in a meaningful manner, the suffering of women who have experienced physically abusive relationships. The participants in the study include eight women who have been involved and suffered physically abusive relationship and these, living in Pretoria and suburbs, comprise an age category ranging from between twenty five to fifty. Data gathered and utilised has been accumulated by means of semi-structured open ended interviews. Hermeneutic phenomenological analysis was used to analyse and come to a conclusion regarding the data obtainable. The findings of the study have highlighted the role played by power and control, gender inequality and patriarchy experienced by women involved in these intimate relationships. The study further revealed the complexities surrounding the reasons and motives contributing to women staying in and suffering physically abusive relationships / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology: Research consultation)

The tertiary education environment has become known for its stressful working conditions. Factors such as high work demands (i.e. work overload, excessive time demands and work pressure) and insufficient resources (i.e. limited developmental possibilities, poor performance feedback, lack of support, etc.) all contribute to these stressful circumstances. As a result, these circumstances can cause employees to experience negative interferences between their work and nonwork roles. In addition, employees do not have adequate time to invest in their nonwork domains, hence nonwork roles are neglected (such as being a parent, being a spouse, spending time on domestic activities and spending time on religious/spiritual activities). To decrease these negative interferences, it is important for employees to recover from strains that were activated at work. The objectives of this study were to determine 1) which demands and resources significantly predicted work-nonwork interference among employees working in a tertiary education institution; and 2) which recovery strategies were significant in dealing with high levels of work-nonwork interference caused by high demands and a lack of resources. A random sample of 366 married parents was taken from a tertiary education institution in the North-West Province. A list was obtained of all the married parents of the institution. All of these employees were given the choice to participate in the research. A measuring battery measuring job demands (i.e. work pressure, emotional demands and cognitive demands), job resources (i.e. autonomy, social support and developmental possibilities), work-nonwork interference (i.e. work-parent, work-spouse, work-domestic and work-religion/spirituality) and recovery strategies (psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery and control) respectively was utilised in this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, Pearson product-moment correlations and stepwise multiple regression, using the enter method, were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that work pressure and emotional demands significantly predict interference between all four nonwork roles. Additionally, autonomy and developmental possibilities significantly predicted work-parent and work-religion/spirituality interference respectively. Furthermore, all of the recovery strategies decreased specific worknonwork interference. Psychological detachment decreased the interference between the workspouse relationship and the work-religion/spirituality relationship. Relaxation predicted the decrease of interference between the following relationships: work-parent, work-spouse, and work-domestic. Mastery and control only significantly predicted the decrease of interference between the work-parent relationship and between the work-domestic activities respectively. Various recommendations were made for tertiary education institutions as well as for future research. Tertiary education institutions should manage high job demands by examining employees’ workload and job descriptions. Managers could possibly diminish work pressure and emotional demands by means of courses/workshops pertaining to self-management, time and organisational skills, emotional intelligence and/or coping with emotions. Tertiary education institutions should also focus on supporting employees who experience work-nonwork interferences and manage it effectively. In addition, the awareness of recovery and various recovery strategies should be promoted. Recommendations for future research include expanding the research to other occupational groups, longitudinal research designs, obtaining various opinions and perspectives of individuals also involved in the work-nonwork dyad and the study of the positive interaction between the work and nonwork roles. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. / This thesis investigates the effect of marital and family status on the performance and job productivity of male U.S. Marine Corps officers. The analysis includes evaluation of fitness reports, retention, and promotion to O-4 and O-5 ranks as performance measures. The primary goal is to examine the existence of any marriage premium on officers' performance and productivity and to investigate potential causal hypotheses. The personnel database used for the analysis includes more than 27,000 male Marine officers who entered the Marine Corps between FY 1980 and 1999. After controlling for selection, estimating fixed effects and using panel data in order to capture timely-varying effects, this study finds that there is a marriage premium for all performance measures. The thesis rejects the explanation that such premiums are due to supervisor favoritism. Moreover, married male officers obtain higher fitness report scores, higher promotion probabilities, and higher retention probabilities than single officers. Each additional year spent in marriage increases fitness report scores and retention probabilities. Having additional non-spousal dependents increase fitness report scores and retention probabilities. On the other hand, being a currently single but "to-be-married" officer yields higher premium, as married officers, for all productivity and performance indicators. This supports selectivity into marriage as a partial explanation of the source of the marriage premium. / Lieutenant Junior Grade, Turkish Navy / First Lieutenant, Turkish Army