The goal of the thesis was to characterize transcriptional profiles of in vivo and in vitro derived embryos during bovine minor and major embryonic genome activation and to identify mRNA transcripts newly synthesized during these stages. In our first work we have concentrated on the study of minor genome activation at the 4-cell stage of embryo. Using SSH, we have identified 31 amplicons homologous with already identified genes. We have selected 5 of these for detailed study of their expression during the whole period of preimplantation development: centromere protein, 350/400 kDa (CENPF, mitosin), splicing factor arginine/serine-rich 3 (SRFS3), high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) protein and eukaryotic translation initiation factors EIF4A2 a EIF4E. All these genes play an important role in the early embryo development. SRFS3 is the first described gene with an important function in preimplantation development, which is expressed already during bovine minor genome activation, and its transcription is α-amanitin sensitive during this period. We have selected CENPF gene for a more thorough study. By silencing its expression by the injection of CENPF dsRNA into the zygote, we have studied its function throughout the whole preimplantation development of bovine embryo....

Nowadays, a growing number of startups, who used to produce non- intelligent devices, are seeking transformation and hope to achieve their Internet of Things (IoT) deployment. In other words, they begin to focus on producing smarter devices to meet user’s needs. At present, various IoT cloud platforms are emerging one after another, but using these resources can be costly for small companies. Since the entire IoT system is complex, it involves many links, the purpose of this project is to create a suitable IoT platform for small companies. The system applies JavaWeb technology with the framework of Spring MVC + Spring + Hibernate (SSH), uses open source User Interface (UI) solution and MySQL database management system (DBMS). At the same time, the system adopts Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) as the communication protocol to complete the data transmission between devices and the platform. Finally, the system is deployed in the server built on the Raspberry Pi. The system is measured from multiple aspects on the established scenario. The results show that companies and users can use the platform as expected, and companies can expand the system to further realize their IoT deployment in the future.

The main aim of the project is to launch multiple processes and have those processes communicate with each other using peer to peer communication to eliminate the problems of multiple processes running on a single server, and multiple processes running on inhomogeneous servers as well as the problems of scalability. This entire process is done using MPICH which is a high performance and portable implementation of Message Passing Interface standard. The project involves setting up the passwordless authentication between two local servers with the help of SSH connection. By establishing a peer to peer communication and by using a unique shell script which is written using MPICH and its derivatives, I am going to demonstrate the process of inter-process communication between the servers.

<p>Many of the attacks on computing clusters and grids have been performed by using stolen authentication passwords and unprotected SSH keys, therefore there is a need for a system that can detect intruders masquerading as ordinary users. Our assumption is that an attacker behaves significantly different compared to an ordinary user. Previous work in this area is for example statistical analysis of process accounting using Support Vector Machines. We can formalize this into a classification problem that we will solve with Self-organizing maps. The proposed system will work in a tier model that uses process accounting and SSH log messages as data sources.</p>

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is well known for its multiple bands with large meridional property gradients in the upper waters, each associated with a deep-reaching current core. A revised nineteen-year time series (1992?2011) of altimeter data from the CNES/CLS AVISO is analyzed to identify and trace the spatial distribution of ACC fronts. Specific contours of sea surface height (SSH) are selected within narrow continuous bands of relative maxima SSH slope in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean sector, where they closely follow the distribution of ACC fronts derived from inspection of concurrent high-resolution profile data at hydrographic stations. When applied to the full circumpolar belt, the frontal distribution derived from these new altimeter-based indicators also agrees well with the traces of current jets and in-situ dynamic height fields calculated from concurrent Argo profile data. The temporal variability of ACC fronts is analyzed in relation to dominant modes of atmospheric forcing variability in the Southern Ocean. All three ACC fronts have experienced large seasonal to decadal variability throughout the satellite altimetry era. The general seasonal tendency for each of these jets, with respect to long-term mean positions, is to be located farther to the south during the austral summer and to north in the winter. Circumpolar-mean annual frontal locations show a consistent linear trend of southward migration. However, the estimated decadal variability of the frontal distributions is highly localized, and due to selective response mechanisms to atmospheric variability. A persistent poleward drift of ACC fronts is observed in the Indian sector consistent with increasing sea surface temperature trends. In contrast, a vacillation in the meridional location of ACC fronts is observed in the Pacific sector in association to minor sea surface cooling trends. Therefore, unlike in the Indian sector, the regional Pacific Ocean response is significantly sensitive to dominant atmospheric forcing indices. Mesoscale eddies derived from instabilities at strong current cores are successfully identified with specific SSH gradient criteria. The new estimates of rings population in the Southern Ocean are tightly linked to interannual to decadal atmospheric variability. Increased number of mesoscale eddies correlate with positive SAM forcing about two years earlier, or negative ENSO forcing two to three months earlier. These cross-correlations might explain a prominent peak in rings abundance estimated during 2000 and 2001, and the short-lived maximum that appeared in 2010. There are no persistent trends in the estimated sea surface slope across Drake Passage, and therefore neither in the transport of the ACC. High cross-correlation between the abundance of mesoscale eddies and atmospheric forcing suggests that the overall ACC system is in an eddy-saturated state. However, Drake Passage positive sea level slope anomalies were two-year lagged with negative SAM forcing and with positive ENSO events. These regional responses are characteristic of eastward-propagating signals from a buoyancy-dominated Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.

Yellow rust disease is one of the most important problems in wheat production. It causes substantial yield losses throughout the world. There are resistant and susceptible wheat varieties to various yellow rust pathotypes. In this thesis genes that are induced in wheat, in virulence and avirulence conditions upon yellow rust inoculations were investigated. Consequently, it was aimed to identify genes that may be playing critical roles in the disease resistance mechanism. The strategy was to construct subtracted cDNA libraries from resistant and susceptible plants and analyse the sequences obtained from these libraries. The subtraction approach in this study differs from the common subtraction designs implicated in plant-pathogen interactions / instead of comparing a compatible or an incompatible interaction with a control, one of the subtractions in this study is done taking a compatible interaction as the tester and an incompatible one as the driver, and the second subtraction, vice versa. Therefore, it was intended to compare the transcriptomes from compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions directly. Suppression Subtractive Hybridization method was used to construct subtracted cDNA libraries. Two subtractions were performed / SSH1 (D-R), taking a compatible interaction as the tester sample and an incompatible one as the driver sample, and SSH2 (R-D), taking an incompatible interaction as the tester sample and a compatible one as the driver. In the end, two subtracted cDNA libraries, SSH1 (D-R) library (1536 clones) and SSH2 (R-D) library (1152 clones) were obtained and the libraries were sequenced. Sequence results were subjected to BlastN and BlastX analysis. We looked for a group of genes that were frequently emphasized in plant disease related studies when we searched within the Blast N homology results of the two libraries. We found out that 19 such genes are present in our libraries. We discussed supposed induction of these genes in the interactions investigated in our study. The fact that these genes were found to be present in our libraries enhances the reliability of our results suggesting that the gene sequences we found indeed belong to genes differentially expressed in the respective comparisons investigated in our study. As such, it also implies that other sequences that were found similar to genes of known functions may represent candidate genes as subjects of further studies investigating wheat-yellow rust interactions.

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No description available.

Potato production in tropical and subtropical countries suffers from damage caused by the potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimiaea operculella. Development of a germline transformation system and the identification of genes that are differentially expressed within the PTM midgut are the main goals of this research. We tested three components that are critical to genetic transformation systems for insects; promoter activity, marker gene expression, and transposable element function. We compared the transcriptional activities of five different promoters, hsp70, hsp82, actin5C, polyubiquitin and ie1, within PTM embryos. The ie1 promoter flanked with the enhancer element, hr5, showed a very high level of transcriptional activity compared with the other promoters. The expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was detected under UV-illumination within the embryonic soma demonstrating that it can be used as an effective marker gene for PTM. The transpositional activities of the Hermes, mariner and piggyBac transposable elements were tested in interplasmid transposition assays. The piggyBac element was shown mobile within the embryonic soma with a transposition frequency of 4.2 X 10-5 transposition/donor plasmid. The piggyBac mobility has been enhanced by incorporating a transactivator plasmid expressing the IE1 protein from the bacoluvirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Seven transformation experiments were performed. The experiments failed to produce a transgenic PTM. The insect midgut is a rich region of molecular targets involved in food processing that could be potentially used to design a new control strategy. The suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was used to identify differentially expressed genes from the PTM midgut. From this subtracted library, 2984 clones were collected and screened. Of these clones, 637 clones are candidate differentially expressed genes within the PTM midgut. Sixty-nine cDNA clones were randomly selected for DNA sequencing. Tweleve clones were selected for further analysis using RT-PCR and Northern blot techniques. Eleven of the clones resulted in positive results for midgut expression. Five clones, showing homology with insect immune peptides, were used in the challenge experiment which revealed that these cDNAs are constitutively expressed in the midgut, as well as being up-regulated due to bacterial or viral challenge.

Ett verktyg har utvecklats i programmeringsspråket Python, som analyserar status för uppkopplingar hos Fibre to the X (FTTX)-kunder i Telias nät. Systemet består av en moduluppdelad struktur, där alla analysfunktioner av samhörande typer är uppbyggda i egna moduler. Alla moduler lagras som individuella kodfiler. Systemet är designat för att enkelt kunna vidareutvecklas genom att tillägga fler analysmoduler i framtida projekt. För att utföra en analys på en specifik kund, hämtar systemet tekniska dataparametrar via den switch som kunden sitter uppkopplad mot. Dessa parametrar jämförs därefter med förbestämda värden för att hitta avvikelser. Simple network management protocol (SNMP) och Telnet är de primära protokollen som används för att hämta relevant data. Systemet har enbart Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) som input och output. Resultatet av en analys, redovisas som Extensible Markup Language (XML) mot den server som ursprungligen ställde förfrågan till att starta en analys. XML svaret innehåller både tekniska dataparametrar kring kundens uppkoppling samt ett analyssvar baserat på dessa tekniska parametrar. Utförligheten i svaret på en utförd analys varierar en aning beroende på switchtypen kunden sitter uppkopplad mot. Switchar av äldre hårdvarutyper presenterar generellt sett mindre kundportsdata jämfört med modernare varianter. Mindre kundportsdata leder till sämre utförlighet i analyssvaret. Därför lämpar sig detta analysverktyg bättre mot de modernare switcharna som finns i Telias nät. / A tool for analyzing the status of Fiber to the X (FTTX) customers in Telia’s network has been programmed in the Python programming language. The system consists of a module divided structure where analysis functions of similar types are bundled into module files. The system is designed to be easily further developed by adding more analysis modules in future projects. To perform an analysis on a specific customer, the system retrieves technical data parameters from the switch which the customer is connected to, and compares these parameters against predetermined values to find deviations. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Telnet are the primary protocols used to retrieve data. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used to transfer data as system input and output. The result of an analysis is sent as Extensible Markup Language (XML) back to the server that originally requested the start of an analysis. The XML reply contains technical data parameters describing the customer’s connection status and an analytical response based on these technical parameters. The amount of data presented in the XML response varies slightly depending on the type of switch the customer is connected to. Switches of older hardware types generally presents less customer port data compared to more modern switches. Less customer port data leads to poor detail in the analytical response, and therefore, this analysis tool is better suited to the modern switches found in Telia's network.