In recent years, increased urbanization and urban development have resulted in new demands emerging for building sustainable cities. Previous studies have shown that the public transportation system plays a key role in the development of sustainable cities, as it is crucial for mobility and counteracting climate change. Thus, this paper examines how sustainability has been considered by city planners while developing the public transportation system during the expansion of the southern parts of Uppsala. Accordingly, ecological, social and economic sustainability indicators were identified and studied. In addition, citizen participation during the planning process was also studied as a part of the social sustainability aspect. The study was based on two interviews with planners at Uppsala Kommun and Region Uppsala. It was found that GHG emissions, air and noise pollution, use of innovative technology, efficient material usage, preservation of open land and natural areas were parts of the ecological sustainability measures in the development. Economical sustainability composed of state fundings and subsidies, fare revenue, budget deficit and investment cost-efficiency. Regarding social sustainability, the planners considered availability, travel time, attracting new users, attention to elderly, young and low-income and safety. Transparency in decision-making and involving the public were found to be important factors regarding citizen participation.

Dagens representativa demokrati har blivit alltmer behäftad med politikermissnöje och sjunkande valdeltagande. Forskare har därför talat om hur demokratin behöver fördjupas och breddes med inslag av deliberativ demokrati för att få legitimitet. Den här uppsatsen har därför som syfte att undersöka hur väl inslag av deliberativ demokrati uppfylls i verkligheten inom lokaldemokratin. Detta görs för att kunna bilda sig en förståelse för i vilken mån inslag av deliberativ demokrati faktiskt tillämpas. Genom att använda Sherry Arnsteins teori om The Ladder of Participation, på svenska Deltagandestegen, analyserar uppsatsen medborgardialogen mellan Uppsala kommun och medborgare i planeringsfallet de Sydöstra stadsdelarna i Uppsala kommun. Ett fall som har karaktäriserats av missnöje gentemot Uppsala kommun från medborgare. Teorin möjliggör en normativ klassificering av den deliberativa demokratiska praktiken medborgardialog, och gör det genomförbart att mäta i vilken mån som Uppsala kommun har tillämpat en medborgardialog enligt idealet. Studien har använt sig av kvalitativ metod för att samla in det resultat som analyseras utifrån uppsatsens valda teori.

The construction of the Southeast city district in Uppsala will start in 2025 with plans to be completed in 2050. When a new district is built, there is an opportunity to explore the best possible solution to all the needs of the city, one of the needs that must be met is the heat demand of all buildings. One possible way to meet these needs is through district heating. The aim of this report is to design and investigate the efficiency of a heat distribution network in the Southeast city district by determining its distribution losses and the requirements that heating distribution networks must fulfill. The method used to satisfy the purpose is to simulate the systems through a model in Python. The model produces key parameters such as distribution losses, pressure drop and temperature drop during high heat demand and low heat demand. The results of the report shows what a possible distribution network design could look like for two stages of construction. It is also shown that during low heat demand, the highest distribution losses were in the return pipe. During the high heat demand, the highest distribution losses were in the supply pipe. This is also the period of the greatest mass flow rate, temperature drop and pressure drop. The discussion addresses the correlation between these parameters as well as exploring how connecting an additional building stage impacts the performance of the system. The conclusions of this paper is that the designed distribution networks fulfill the necessary criteria for pressure, temperature and energy delivery with acceptable distribution losses. When a additional stage is connected to the system, distribution losses do not increase significantly, making the model suitable for future extensions of district heating networks.