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style="font-size: 12pt / line-height: 115% / font-family: &quot / Times New Roman&quot / ,&quot / serif&quot / ">This study has reveled the levels of knowledge and compliance towards Universal Precautions and examined the factors that are influential in having a positive and negative effect on their adoption by healthcare practitioners in practice. Despite acceptable knowledge regarding the potential for infection and mechanisms to prevent these infections, this study has found out that health care workers are not as compliant with universal precautions as they need to be. The findings that compliance correlated directly with knowledge, with in-service training and with availability of protective equipment, provide important indications for future interventions. Therefore a regular on job refreshing training program on Universal Precautions, a written guideline and reminder poster on Universal Precautions and personal protective equipment need to be made available for all health care providers in every department of the hospital for better compliance. <span style="">&nbsp / </span><span style="">&nbsp / </span><span style="">&nbsp / </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p>&nbsp / </p>

The constant improvements in device integration, the development of new technologies and the emergence of new design techniques call for flexible, maintainable and robust software tools. The generic nature of compiler-compiler systems, with their semi-formal specifications, can help in the construction of those tools. This thesis describes the Wright editor generator which is used in the synthesis of language-based graphical editors (LBGEs). An LBGE is a programming environment where the programs being manipulated denote pictures. Editing actions can be specified through both textual and graphical interfaces. Editors generated by the Wright system are specified using the formalism of attribute grammars. The major example editor in this thesis, Stick-Wright, is a design entry system for the construction of VLSI circuits. Stick-Wright is a hierarchical symbolic layout editor which exploits a combination of text and graphics in an interactive environment to provide the circuit designer with a tool for experimenting with circuit topologies. A simpler system, Pict-Wright: a picture drawing system, is also used to illustrate the attribute grammar specification process. This thesis aims to demonstrate the efficacy of formal specification in the generation of software-tools. The generated system Stick-Wright shows that a text/graphic programming environment can form the basis of a powerful VLSI design tool, especially with regard to providing the designer with immediate graphical feedback. Further applications of the LBGE generator approach to system design are given for a range of VLSI design activities.

The aim of the diploma thesis is a proposal of a new steering construction of the special vehicle for disabled. The fundamental requirement for new construction is driving by only one main control. New steering construction was designed to uses drive-by-wire method and the vehicle is controlled by joy-stick. The proposal and necessary calculations were performed using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2015 software.

Title: Efficiency of shooting transferred from the training process to a match Objectives: The diploma thesis is focusing on gathering information about shooting in ice hockey, creating excercises, two training units for shooting and then evaluating collected statistics on shooting from the whole season of one youth team. Attention will be given to a comparison of the productivity and efficiency of the shooting in order to find out how useful the invented exercises had been to improve shooting throughout the season. Methods: The diploma thesis uses experimental methods in order to incorporate fictional exercises to the training process. Consequently statistics that were collected throughout the season were used to check whether the increase in productivity and shooting efficiency was positive. Results: The considered set was separand by the selected statistics into three time periods. The subsequent comparison led to an increase in productivity and efficiency during the whole season. Key words: shooting, hockey stick, ice hockey, pass, match, puck

Nos sistemas de freio automotivo, o principal componente que determina seu desempenho é o material de fricção, pois um bom material de fricção deve garantir estabilidade no atrito em diferentes condições de uso, além de possuir resistência à corrosão, longa vida útil, baixa taxa de desgaste, boa relação custo versus desempenho e baixo ruído. Desde que o conforto dos veículos tornou-se um fator importante para indicar sua qualidade, eliminar ou reduzir os ruídos e vibrações de seus componentes passou a ser uma vantagem competitiva no mercado automotivo, e, o problema de ruído nos sistemas de freios vem sendo um dos maiores causadores de reclamações de clientes nos últimos anos. O ruído de freio é na maioria das vezes o resultado de uma vibração auto excitada induzida pela fricção ou uma instabilidade dinâmica do sistema de freio. O processo de stick-slip é um típico exemplo de oscilação induzida por atrito, observada em baixas velocidades de deslizamento e geralmente resulta em vibrações, que geram ruídos graves e rangidos. Com o objetivo de verificar a viabilidade da utilização das medições de vibração durante a ocorrência do fenômeno do stick-slip para a caracterização de materiais de fricção utilizando um tribômetro, foram preparados seis materiais de fricção produzidos pela empresa Fras-le, fabricante de materiais de fricção para freios automotivos. Os ensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Tribologia (Latrib) da Escola de Engenharia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). No tribômetro utilizado nos ensaios foi instalado um acelerômetro sobre o suporte onde é fixada a pastilha do material de fricção a ser ensaiado. Vários ensaios foram realizados, cada um sob ação de força normal e velocidade de giro do disco constantes. Os resultados dos ensaios demonstraram que o tribômetro apresenta excelente desempenho para caracterização de materiais de fricção, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novos materiais a partir de ensaios realizados neste equipamento. A avaliação da resposta da aceleração da vibração obtida nos ensaios demonstrou que a resposta da vibração é dependente dos diversos parâmetros medidos, como deslocamento, velocidade e variação de torque, e para melhor prever a propensão de um determinado material em apresentar vibração de stick-slip deve-se levar em consideração, além da variação de torque, o torque máximo de cada ciclo de stick-slip. Além disso, o uso do acelerômetro para avaliação de ensaios de stick-slip mostrou-se viável e seu uso deve ser estimulado em trabalhos futuros. / In automotive brake systems, the main component that determines their performance is the friction material, because good friction material must ensure stability in friction under different conditions of use, as well as corrosion resistance, long life, low wear rate, good relation between cost and performance, and low noise. Since the comfort of vehicles has become important factor to indicate its quality, eliminate or reduce the noise and vibration of its components has become a competitive advantage in the automotive market, and the problem of noise in brake systems has been a cause of customer complaints in recent years. The brake noise is most often the result of a self-excited vibration induced friction or dynamic instability of the brake system. The stick-slip phenomenon is a typical example of oscillation induced by friction observed at low sliding speeds and generally results in vibrations which generate noise. In order to check the feasibility of using vibration measurements during the occurrence of the stick-slip phenomenon in the characterization of friction materials using a tribometer, were prepared six friction materials produced by the company Fras-le, manufacturer of friction materials for automotive brake. The tests were performed in the Laboratory of Tribology (Latrib) of the School of Engineering at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). In tribometer used for testing an accelerometer was installed on the support of the pad of friction material to be tested. Several tests were conducted, each under constant normal force and speed of rotation of the disk. The test results showed that the tribometer shows excellent performance for characterization of friction materials, enabling the development of new materials from tests performed on this equipment. The evaluation of the response of vibration acceleration obtained in the tests demonstrated that the response of vibration is dependent on various measured parameters, such as displacement, velocity and torque variation, and to better predict the propensity of a material to present vibration stickslip must take into account both the variation of torque and the maximum torque of each cycle of stick-slip. Furthermore, the use of accelerometer for assessing stick-slip tests was viable and its use should be encouraged in future work.

Nos sistemas de freio automotivo, o principal componente que determina seu desempenho é o material de fricção, pois um bom material de fricção deve garantir estabilidade no atrito em diferentes condições de uso, além de possuir resistência à corrosão, longa vida útil, baixa taxa de desgaste, boa relação custo versus desempenho e baixo ruído. Desde que o conforto dos veículos tornou-se um fator importante para indicar sua qualidade, eliminar ou reduzir os ruídos e vibrações de seus componentes passou a ser uma vantagem competitiva no mercado automotivo, e, o problema de ruído nos sistemas de freios vem sendo um dos maiores causadores de reclamações de clientes nos últimos anos. O ruído de freio é na maioria das vezes o resultado de uma vibração auto excitada induzida pela fricção ou uma instabilidade dinâmica do sistema de freio. O processo de stick-slip é um típico exemplo de oscilação induzida por atrito, observada em baixas velocidades de deslizamento e geralmente resulta em vibrações, que geram ruídos graves e rangidos. Com o objetivo de verificar a viabilidade da utilização das medições de vibração durante a ocorrência do fenômeno do stick-slip para a caracterização de materiais de fricção utilizando um tribômetro, foram preparados seis materiais de fricção produzidos pela empresa Fras-le, fabricante de materiais de fricção para freios automotivos. Os ensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Tribologia (Latrib) da Escola de Engenharia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). No tribômetro utilizado nos ensaios foi instalado um acelerômetro sobre o suporte onde é fixada a pastilha do material de fricção a ser ensaiado. Vários ensaios foram realizados, cada um sob ação de força normal e velocidade de giro do disco constantes. Os resultados dos ensaios demonstraram que o tribômetro apresenta excelente desempenho para caracterização de materiais de fricção, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novos materiais a partir de ensaios realizados neste equipamento. A avaliação da resposta da aceleração da vibração obtida nos ensaios demonstrou que a resposta da vibração é dependente dos diversos parâmetros medidos, como deslocamento, velocidade e variação de torque, e para melhor prever a propensão de um determinado material em apresentar vibração de stick-slip deve-se levar em consideração, além da variação de torque, o torque máximo de cada ciclo de stick-slip. Além disso, o uso do acelerômetro para avaliação de ensaios de stick-slip mostrou-se viável e seu uso deve ser estimulado em trabalhos futuros. / In automotive brake systems, the main component that determines their performance is the friction material, because good friction material must ensure stability in friction under different conditions of use, as well as corrosion resistance, long life, low wear rate, good relation between cost and performance, and low noise. Since the comfort of vehicles has become important factor to indicate its quality, eliminate or reduce the noise and vibration of its components has become a competitive advantage in the automotive market, and the problem of noise in brake systems has been a cause of customer complaints in recent years. The brake noise is most often the result of a self-excited vibration induced friction or dynamic instability of the brake system. The stick-slip phenomenon is a typical example of oscillation induced by friction observed at low sliding speeds and generally results in vibrations which generate noise. In order to check the feasibility of using vibration measurements during the occurrence of the stick-slip phenomenon in the characterization of friction materials using a tribometer, were prepared six friction materials produced by the company Fras-le, manufacturer of friction materials for automotive brake. The tests were performed in the Laboratory of Tribology (Latrib) of the School of Engineering at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). In tribometer used for testing an accelerometer was installed on the support of the pad of friction material to be tested. Several tests were conducted, each under constant normal force and speed of rotation of the disk. The test results showed that the tribometer shows excellent performance for characterization of friction materials, enabling the development of new materials from tests performed on this equipment. The evaluation of the response of vibration acceleration obtained in the tests demonstrated that the response of vibration is dependent on various measured parameters, such as displacement, velocity and torque variation, and to better predict the propensity of a material to present vibration stickslip must take into account both the variation of torque and the maximum torque of each cycle of stick-slip. Furthermore, the use of accelerometer for assessing stick-slip tests was viable and its use should be encouraged in future work.

Magister Public Health - MPH / This study has reveled the levels of knowledge and compliance towards Universal Precautions and examined the factors that are influential in having a positive and negative effect on their adoption by healthcare practitioners in practice. Despite acceptable knowledge regarding the potential for infection and mechanisms to prevent these infections, this study has found out that health care workers are not as compliant with universal precautions as they need to be. The findings that compliance correlated directly with knowledge, with in-service training and with availability of protective equipment, provide important indications for future interventions. Therefore a regular on job refreshing training program on Universal Precautions, a written guideline and reminder poster on Universal Precautions and personal protective equipment need to be made available for all health care providers in every department of the hospital for better compliance.

Nos sistemas de freio automotivo, o principal componente que determina seu desempenho é o material de fricção, pois um bom material de fricção deve garantir estabilidade no atrito em diferentes condições de uso, além de possuir resistência à corrosão, longa vida útil, baixa taxa de desgaste, boa relação custo versus desempenho e baixo ruído. Desde que o conforto dos veículos tornou-se um fator importante para indicar sua qualidade, eliminar ou reduzir os ruídos e vibrações de seus componentes passou a ser uma vantagem competitiva no mercado automotivo, e, o problema de ruído nos sistemas de freios vem sendo um dos maiores causadores de reclamações de clientes nos últimos anos. O ruído de freio é na maioria das vezes o resultado de uma vibração auto excitada induzida pela fricção ou uma instabilidade dinâmica do sistema de freio. O processo de stick-slip é um típico exemplo de oscilação induzida por atrito, observada em baixas velocidades de deslizamento e geralmente resulta em vibrações, que geram ruídos graves e rangidos. Com o objetivo de verificar a viabilidade da utilização das medições de vibração durante a ocorrência do fenômeno do stick-slip para a caracterização de materiais de fricção utilizando um tribômetro, foram preparados seis materiais de fricção produzidos pela empresa Fras-le, fabricante de materiais de fricção para freios automotivos. Os ensaios foram realizados no Laboratório de Tribologia (Latrib) da Escola de Engenharia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). No tribômetro utilizado nos ensaios foi instalado um acelerômetro sobre o suporte onde é fixada a pastilha do material de fricção a ser ensaiado. Vários ensaios foram realizados, cada um sob ação de força normal e velocidade de giro do disco constantes. Os resultados dos ensaios demonstraram que o tribômetro apresenta excelente desempenho para caracterização de materiais de fricção, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novos materiais a partir de ensaios realizados neste equipamento. A avaliação da resposta da aceleração da vibração obtida nos ensaios demonstrou que a resposta da vibração é dependente dos diversos parâmetros medidos, como deslocamento, velocidade e variação de torque, e para melhor prever a propensão de um determinado material em apresentar vibração de stick-slip deve-se levar em consideração, além da variação de torque, o torque máximo de cada ciclo de stick-slip. Além disso, o uso do acelerômetro para avaliação de ensaios de stick-slip mostrou-se viável e seu uso deve ser estimulado em trabalhos futuros. / In automotive brake systems, the main component that determines their performance is the friction material, because good friction material must ensure stability in friction under different conditions of use, as well as corrosion resistance, long life, low wear rate, good relation between cost and performance, and low noise. Since the comfort of vehicles has become important factor to indicate its quality, eliminate or reduce the noise and vibration of its components has become a competitive advantage in the automotive market, and the problem of noise in brake systems has been a cause of customer complaints in recent years. The brake noise is most often the result of a self-excited vibration induced friction or dynamic instability of the brake system. The stick-slip phenomenon is a typical example of oscillation induced by friction observed at low sliding speeds and generally results in vibrations which generate noise. In order to check the feasibility of using vibration measurements during the occurrence of the stick-slip phenomenon in the characterization of friction materials using a tribometer, were prepared six friction materials produced by the company Fras-le, manufacturer of friction materials for automotive brake. The tests were performed in the Laboratory of Tribology (Latrib) of the School of Engineering at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). In tribometer used for testing an accelerometer was installed on the support of the pad of friction material to be tested. Several tests were conducted, each under constant normal force and speed of rotation of the disk. The test results showed that the tribometer shows excellent performance for characterization of friction materials, enabling the development of new materials from tests performed on this equipment. The evaluation of the response of vibration acceleration obtained in the tests demonstrated that the response of vibration is dependent on various measured parameters, such as displacement, velocity and torque variation, and to better predict the propensity of a material to present vibration stickslip must take into account both the variation of torque and the maximum torque of each cycle of stick-slip. Furthermore, the use of accelerometer for assessing stick-slip tests was viable and its use should be encouraged in future work.

Logging of tropical forests is increasing worldwide. Logging alters the forest conditions such as temperature, soil water content and litter input into the soil. This study explored how soil invertebrate activity in Borneo differs between pristine forests and two secondary forests, with 10 and 40 years of recovery time since the last logging. To measure the soil fauna feeding activity, the bait lamina stick method was applied. The study was conducted in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, during April and May 2019. 33 forest plots were examined with ten lamina sticks placed in each of the three replicas per forest plot. The sticks were kept in the soil for four weeks before being removed. Upon removal, the soil invertebrate activity was determined by assessing how many holes of the bait lamina sticks were eaten and at what depth. The activity was related to the above-ground carbon density (ACD, a density measure for amount of above-ground carbon), as well as depth-specific activity in the different plots. Moreover, further relationships with the invertebrate activity and environmental conditions such as cumulative throughfall during the study time as well as the soil water content were studied. The results showed that the soil activity slightly decreased with increased ACD, but no statistical significance was found. This study also suggests that the activity was higher in the upper 0-5cm of the soil than in the lower 5-10 cm. Lastly, the results showed that the activity was highest in the forest with the shortest recovery time (10 years). This implies that it might be possible to regain the original soil activity since the activity of the 40-year-old forest was closer to the pristine forest than that of the 10- year-old forest.

The thesis analyses Russian economic statecraft in relation to Armenia. The thesis is focused on two areas, namely the Russian response to the foreign policy orientation of Armenia and its significant internal political changes. The aim of the thesis is to compare the extent to which Russia uses economic mechanisms on both levels. The thesis draws on Baldwin's concept of economic statecraft, focusing on the Russian "carrot and stick" policy. In the foreign policy area, the economic tools that Russia used in attempt to influence Armenia's decision in its dilemma between European and Eurasian integration are analysed. In the internal policy area, the thesis is focused on major events from 2015 to 2018, which to some extent also affected the Russian side. Positive incentives and coercive methods applied by Russia during this period are also examined. An analysis of the Russian "carrot and stick" policy has pointed out that Moscow is more strongly involved in foreign policy of Armenia if it feels an immediate threat to its interests. Russia applies positive incentives in situations when it needs to reduce internal tensions in Armenia, which may also be directed against Moscow. If there are major internal political changes in this South Caucasus republic, yet without serious foreign policy implications,...