Musical instruments are not static, unchanging objects. They are, instead, things that materially evolve in symmetry with human practices. Alterations to an instrument's design often attend to its ergonomic or expressive capacity, but sometimes an innovator causes an entirely new instrument to arise. One such instrument is the Chapman Stick. This instrument's history is closely intertwined with global currents that have evolved into virtual, online scenes. Virtuality obfuscates embodiment, but the Stick's world, like any instrument's, is optimally related in intercorporeal exchanges. Stickists circumvent real and virtual obstacles to engage the Stick world. Using an organology informed by the work of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty, this study examines how the Chapman Stick, as a material "thing," speaks in and through a virtual, representational environment.

Bakgrund: Det är vanligt att barn upplever smärta och ångest i samband med venösa stick. Virtuell verklighet, VR, kan användas som en distraktionsmetod under omvårdnadsprocedurer för att reducera smärta och ångest. Att få en samlad och ökad kunskap om användning av VR under venösa stick kan bidra till att minska barns lidande under proceduren. Syfte: Att undersöka användandet av VR som distraktion för att minska smärta och ångest hos barn som får venösa stick.  Metod: Artikelsökningar har gjorts i databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. I studien inkluderades 10 empiriska kvantitativa artiklar som har kvalitetsgranskats, analyserats och sammanställts. Resultat: VR som distraktionsmetod i samband med venösa stick kan minska barns upplevda smärta och ångest. Av de 10 studierna kunde 8 identifiera en signifikant lägre nivå av upplevd smärta. Även barnens upplevda ångest under proceduren minskade. Konklusion: Oavsett vilken typ av VR som använts eller i vilken vårdmiljö det venösa sticket skett har VR haft positiva effekter för barn mellan 4–18 år. Vidare forskning på ämnet är nödvändigt för att visa hur VR kan användas som distraktionsmetod i praktiken. / Background: It is normal for children to experience pain and anxiety during venipuncture. Virtual Reality, VR can be used to distract children from pain and anxiety during caring procedures. Summarizing these studies and increased knowledge of how VR can be used during venipuncture could help relieve children from the experience of pain and anxiety. Aim: To examine the use of VR as a distraction from pain and anxiety during venipuncture. Methods: The article search was conducted in the databases Cinahl and PubMed. 10 quantitative empirical studies were quality controlled, analysed and compiled. Result: VR as a distraction during venipuncture can relieve children of experienced pain and anxiety. 8 out of 10 studies showed a significant decrease in pain. Children’s experienced anxiety were also significantly decreased. Conclusion: Positive effects for children ages 4-18 can be seen in all studied care environments and with all studied types of VR. More research is needed to show how VR can be used in a practical setting.

For a long time voltage spikes has been seen in measurement data from accelerator magnets during current ramps. These has been believed to be caused by movements, but has never before been studied in depth. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to prove, or disprove, that these events are caused by movements and to analyse what kind of displacements that actually occur. Measurement data from coil voltage, magnetic pick-up coils and current during transients has been acquired and analysed for the Nb3Sn-dipole magnets FRESCA2 and 11T models—named MBHSP107 and MBHSP109. The measurement data is compared to movement simulations that was done with the ROXIE-program, which is used to calculate mutual inductance change for a number of different movement types. The study strongly suggests that the transients are caused by movements, and also indicates that the maximal length of a single slip-stick motion can be up to around 10 micrometers, mostly in the direction of the magnet’s internal forces. The study has proven that transients in measurement data occur due to coil movements, and that these can be quantified—a discovery that can possibly affect future construction and design of accelerator magnets.

No description available.

Segmented regression is a type of nonlinear regression that allows differing functional forms to be fit over different ranges of the explanatory variable. This paper considers the simple segmented regression case of two linear segments that are constrained to meet, often called the linear-linear model. Parameter estimation in the case where the joinpoint between the regimes is unknown can be tricky. Using a simulation study, four estimators for the parameters of the linear-linear model are evaluated. The bias and mean squared error of the estimators are considered under differing parameter combinations and sample sizes. Parameters estimated in the model are the location of the change-point, the slope and intercept of the first segment, the change in slope from the first segment to the second, and the variance over both segments.

The goal of this research is to compare performance of three analysis methods and three optimization methods for core-megacolumn-outrigger, or CMO skyscrapers. The three analysis methods include a 1D stick analysis, 2D frame analysis, and 3D finite element analysis. The three optimization methods include a trial and error optimization, optimality criteria optimization, and genetic algorithm. Each of these methods was compared by applying an example CMO skyscraper. The 1D stick analysis proved to be the most accurate when compared with the 3D finite element results. The genetic algorithm was recommended as the best optimization method in this research. The 1D stick method in this thesis introduces a new analysis involving an outrigger modification factor. The comparison of these optimization methods for skyscrapers has not been reported in the literature.

Studien handlar om stickskador och skador med vassa föremål inom hälso- och sjukvård. Dessa skador är en risk som hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal utsätter sig för i sitt dagliga arbete. Stick- och skärskador är direkt förenade med risk för blodburen smitta såsom HIV, HCV och HBV. Litteraturstudien baserades på befintlig kvantitativ forskning och syftet med studien var att i vetenskaplig litteratur undersöka vilka faktorer som kan påverka sjukvårdspersonals hantering av stickande/skärande föremål. De faktorer som identifierades var; personrelaterade orsaker, materiella orsaker samt organisatoriska orsaker. Resultaten visade en ökad risk för skär- och stickskador i relation till sjuksköterskans erfarenhet, skyddsutrustning, arbetssituation etc. / This paper focuses on needlestick and sharps injuries in the healthcare sector. These injuries are a risk posed to the healthcare workers in their daily work. Needlestick and sharps injuries pose a serious risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens like HIV, HCV and HBV. This paper was based on quantitative research and the aim of the paper was to investigate which factors might influence healthcare workers in their use of sharp objects. The factors identified in the review were; causes due to personal characteristics, equipment and organizational factors. The results demonstrated an increased risk of needlestick and sharps injuries in relation to the nurse’s experience, protective equipment, worksituation etc.

Stick and leaf insects (Insecta: Phasmatodea) are a mesodiverse order of insects distributed across the world. These masters of masquerade crypsis are riddled with analogous morphological characters and lack a robust taxonomic framework. It seems that convergent evolution and the re-evolution of complex traits like wings and ocelli is perhaps the rule rather than the exception in stick insects. To investigate the re-acquisition of traits in this unique study system, a robust phylogenetic framework is essential. Our analyses combine traditional Sanger data with a transcriptomic backbone to provide the most corroborated phylogenetic analyses to date. To accomplish this, we employ a taxon sampling strategy which nearly doubles the number of exemplars in previous studies covering nearly a third of species diversity in Phasmatodea. Ultimately, we found that stick and leaf insects contain rampant taxonomic incongruence and provide a framework for future studies on all aspects of their evolution.

Bakgrund: Inom sjuksköterskeyrket föreligger risk för eventuell stickskada vid hanteringen av medicinteknisk utrustning. Erhållen stickskada innebär en ökad risk för blodburen smitta, psykologiska besvär och långt gångna rädslor som riskerar att drabba sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter på livsövergripande plan.  Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva erfarenheter bland legitimeraade sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter som drabbats av stickskador i den kliniska verksamheten.  Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ metod genomfördes. 11 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats identifierades genom sökning i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl för att besvara studiens syfte. Artiklarna granskades och analyserades med hjälp av SBU:s granskningsmall vilket resulterade i två teman: Fysisk och psykosocial påverkan och påverkan på professionen.  Resultat: Studieresultatet visade att stickskador har en stor påverkan på sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenters liv i sin helhet. Ångest, oro och frustration upplevdes hos deltagarna i samtliga studier. Dels på grund av rädslan att bli smittade med Hepatit B, Hepatit C eller HIV och dels på grund av bristande stöd från omgivningen men även kopplingen till socialt stigmatiserande beteenden.  Konklusion: Sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter riskerar att utsättas för en stickskada i sitt vardagliga arbete. Rädslan och oron för blodsmitta och den psykosociala påverkan kan leda till en känsla av sårbarhet och tveksamhet till yrkesvalet. / Background: Within the nursing profession, there is always a risk of a possible needlestick injury when handling a medical technical equipment. Suffering a needlestick injury means an increased risk of blood-borne infections, psychological problems and far-reaching fears that risk affecting nurses and nursing students on a lifelong level.  Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe experiences among licensed nurses and nursing students who suffer from needlestick in clinical practice. Method: A literature study with qualitative method was implemented. 11 scientific articles with a qualitative approach were identified by searching the PubMed and Cinahl databases to preserve the purpose of the study. The articles were reviewed and analyzed by using SBU's review template, which resulted in two themes: Physical and psychosocial impact and impact on the profession. Results: The study results showed that needlestick injuries have a major impact on the lives of nurses and nursing students in its entirety. Anxiety, worry and frustration were experienced by the participants in all studies. Partly because of the fear of being infected with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C or HIV and partly because of a lack of support from the enviroment but also the connection to socially stigmatized behaviours. Conclusion: Nurses and nursing students are at risk of being exposed to blood-borne infections by needlestick injuries in their everyday work. The fear and concern about blood-borne infection and the psychosocial impact can lead to feelings of vulnerability and hesitation about the choice of profession.

No description available.