The government has taken constructive steps to address the issue of poverty in South Africa. The principal strategy on the government, and for that matter municipalities for poverty alleviation is to promote sustainable development (better quality of life for all) through the process of integrated development planning (IDP). Municipalities are, by virtue of legislation, required by the Government to use Integrated Development Planning as the vehicle to improve and fast-track service delivery and development. One of the main objectives of the IDP is to promote sustainable development. The objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the IDP is used to promote sustainable development at Emfuleni Local Municipality (ELM). For the purpose of the study, the hypothesis was formulated that the implementation of IDP as a tool for promoting sustainable development within ELM is significant for improving service delivery and the living standard of local communities. To test the validity or otherwise of the hypothesis use was made of theoretical review of literature in promoting sustainable development at ELM. Further there was an empirical research method of open-ended questionnaires that was used to test attitudes and perceptions of municipal officials, IDP representatives and the community of ELM on the effectiveness of IDP. It was found among others that:The council and management of ELM consider the IDP as effective management tool in promoting sustainable development; ELM has elaborate plans and mechanisms for initiating programmes on the IDP; Public participation in the process needs to be intensified. While the municipality has achieved much success with the use of the IDP, the rural residents of ELM are largely ignorant of the process and its benefits. The study ends with recommendations for improvement of the IDP process. / Thesis (M.A. (Public Management and Administration))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.

Policy-makers intend community colleges to be the primary vehicles for workforce development education and training. In support of this intent, community college mission statements and curricular patterns should clearly indicate a workforce emphasis. Do these statements and curricular patterns reflect policy intent? If not, are resources being directed appropriately? This study was conducted to determine whether the current composition of the overall Florida public community college curriculum and the content of Florida public community college mission and planning statements provided evidence to support Florida leadership policy statements that portray workforce development as a primary component of the community college mission. An investigation also was made as to whether a longitudinal assessment of the curriculum and the content of mission and planning statements provided evidence that workforce development increased as a component of the community college mission.Through the assumptions of legitimation theory, the overriding hypothesis of this study was that community colleges as institutions that allocate status confer a higher status through their transfer mission than through their workforce development mission. To carry out this study, a content analysis was conducted of 1999/2000 and 2004/2005 mission and institutional goal statements. Comparisons were made across time and between institutions. Size was included as a factor. Findings confirmed the study prediction that the transfer mission would remain paramount in the Florida community college curriculum. Findings also confirmed growth in workforce development education once non-credit sections were included in the overall curricular analysis. However, the liberal arts transfer mission remained the primary emphasis in the curriculum analysis, although not in the content analysis. Workforce retains a priority status among policy leaders, both at a national and state level. The findings from this study indicate that leadership policy directives are aligned well with institutional mission, goal, and planning documents: workforce development holds a dominant place. However, the findings suggest that leadership policy directives are not aligned well with curricular patterns. Community college stakeholders may wish to investigate what more can be done to promote the workforce development component to students.

Indonesia is trying to take over airspace Sector A, B, and C from Singapore and this desire has been going on for decades. To carry out these dreams, Indonesia was faced with a series of agreements with Singapore and Malaysia because both countries have interests in that airspace sector. To take over that airspace, Indonesia must perform a series of efforts. One of the efforts is by improving Air Traffic Services (ATS) quality in Indonesia. In determining ATS service quality, pilot perceiving and expectation must be assessed. Pilot employed tangible and intangible cues to determine the quality.  The author determined forty items to describe pilot perception and expectation based on 10 (ten) criteria in evaluating service quality.  Moreover, total ATS quality which is including technical quality and functional quality dimensions are clearly presented. Other factor influencing ATS quality is safety culture which is merged with ATS quality. Human factor as the main source in conducting service is described clearly in relation with ATS. Human factor become important because human and its environment can affect ATS performance. Six principles of service management are elaborated in ATS system to improve ATS quality. Combined with service and management theories to obtain the conclusion of Indonesia ATS quality and ATS readiness, this research discussed the Indonesia strategic plan to improve service quality. Then, Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) will work together with Indonesia ANSP and ATS Unit authority to manage ATS quality in Indonesia in order to taking over airspace Sector A, B, and C from Singapore. / Transportation Research

Indonesia is trying to take over airspace Sector A, B, and C from Singapore and this desire has been going on for decades. To carry out these dreams, Indonesia was faced with a series of agreements with Singapore and Malaysia because both countries have interests in that airspace sector. To take over that airspace, Indonesia must perform a series of efforts. One of the efforts is by improving Air Traffic Services (ATS) quality in Indonesia. In determining ATS service quality, pilot perceiving and expectation must be assessed. Pilot employed tangible and intangible cues to determine the quality.  The author determined forty items to describe pilot perception and expectation based on 10 (ten) criteria in evaluating service quality.  Moreover, total ATS quality which is including technical quality and functional quality dimensions are clearly presented. Other factor influencing ATS quality is safety culture which is merged with ATS quality. Human factor as the main source in conducting service is described clearly in relation with ATS. Human factor become important because human and its environment can affect ATS performance. Six principles of service management are elaborated in ATS system to improve ATS quality. Combined with service and management theories to obtain the conclusion of Indonesia ATS quality and ATS readiness, this research discussed the Indonesia strategic plan to improve service quality. Then, Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) will work together with Indonesia ANSP and ATS Unit authority to manage ATS quality in Indonesia in order to taking over airspace Sector A, B, and C from Singapore.   Keywords:      DGCA, ATS, Airspace, Service quality, Safety culture, Human factor, Service management, Strategic plan. / <p>This thesis is about how to manage and improve the Air Traffic Services in Indonesia based on management an business theories.</p> / Transportation Research

The government has taken constructive steps to address the issue of poverty in South Africa. The principal strategy on the government, and for that matter municipalities for poverty alleviation is to promote sustainable development (better quality of life for all) through the process of integrated development planning (IDP). Municipalities are, by virtue of legislation, required by the Government to use Integrated Development Planning as the vehicle to improve and fast-track service delivery and development. One of the main objectives of the IDP is to promote sustainable development. The objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the IDP is used to promote sustainable development at Emfuleni Local Municipality (ELM). For the purpose of the study, the hypothesis was formulated that the implementation of IDP as a tool for promoting sustainable development within ELM is significant for improving service delivery and the living standard of local communities. To test the validity or otherwise of the hypothesis use was made of theoretical review of literature in promoting sustainable development at ELM. Further there was an empirical research method of open-ended questionnaires that was used to test attitudes and perceptions of municipal officials, IDP representatives and the community of ELM on the effectiveness of IDP. It was found among others that:The council and management of ELM consider the IDP as effective management tool in promoting sustainable development; ELM has elaborate plans and mechanisms for initiating programmes on the IDP; Public participation in the process needs to be intensified. While the municipality has achieved much success with the use of the IDP, the rural residents of ELM are largely ignorant of the process and its benefits. The study ends with recommendations for improvement of the IDP process. / Thesis (M.A. (Public Management and Administration))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.

Este projeto aponta caminhos para executivos que consideram a possibilidade de migrar para uma atividade profissional independente e empreendedora. É cada vez mais comum, em nossa sociedade moderna, que executivos bem-sucedidos de empresas de grande e médio portes encontrem-se em dúvida quanto à continuidade de sua carreira profissional corporativa, após atingirem níveis importantes na organização. Nesse momento, há necessidade de orientação, suporte, estudos e pesquisas que possam apoiar a reflexão, a decisão e apontar os principais fatores a serem considerados na elaboração de um plano de transição com foco no empreendedorismo. Neste estudo, apresenta-se uma proposta de processo para esses profissionais, com base na própria experiência do Autor, como ponto de partida para uma pesquisa teórica quanto às percepções dos executivos sobre o empreendedorismo e aos aspectos diferenciados de perfil e comportamento do empreendedor. Apresenta-se, também, uma linha de pensamento sobre transição de identidade de carreira e quais técnicas de planejamento pessoal podem sustentar a estruturação de um plano de ação com abordagem experimental. A proposta de processo apresentada é resultado da análise do conteúdo de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, baseada no resultado do levantamento bibliográfico e realizada com dez executivos que passaram pela transição rumo ao empreendedorismo. O processo proposto de transição de executivo a empreendedor inicia-se com um exercício de autoconhecimento para embasar uma avaliação das características diferenciadas dos empreendedores, os quais normalmente são motivados por realização e por ajudar as pessoas; possuem uma visão apurada para encontrar oportunidades em áreas que conhecem e de que gostam; aceitam riscos maiores; buscam constantemente a inovação e o aprendizado; trabalham com uma abordagem flexível que se aproveita das experiências corporativas e empreendedoras anteriores. O autoconhecimento alimenta, em paralelo, o desenvolvimento de um planejamento estratégico pessoal, a partir da definição ou revisão do propósito de vida e dos valores pessoais, que permitirão a definição de objetivos e metas para a gestão dos três capitais (financeiro, intelectual e social), recomendados como uma nova abordagem ao Planejamento Estratégico Pessoal. A transição de identidade deve ocorrer com muita experimentação, atenção aos momentos de insights, mudanças e decisões, enquanto se busca o apoio pessoal e empreendedor ao executivo, como elementos finais do processo. / This project points a process for executives considering a migration towards an independent and entrepreneur professional function. It is getting common in our modern society that successful executives from large and medium companies, find themselves in doubt about the sequence of their corporative career after reaching significant high levels at organizations. At this moment, there is a need for orientation, support, studies and researches to support reflection, decision and to point the main factors to be considered when preparing a transition plan with focus on entrepreneurship. In this study, it is proposed a transition process for these professionals, based on the Author\'s own experience, used as the starting point for a theory research about how executives perceive the entrepreneurship and the entrepreneur differentiated aspects of profile and behavior. It\'s also presented a line of thought for career identity transition and which techniques of personal planning can support the development of an action plan with an experimental approach. The proposed process delivered here is the resultof a content analysis done over an descriptive qualitative research, which was based on the results of a bibliographic survey, and the interviews with ten executives who transitioned towards entrepreneurship. The proposed transition process from executive to entrepreneur starts with a self-knowledge exercise to support an entrepreneur differentiated characteristics evaluation, who usually are motivated by accomplishment and to help other people; they have a well developed ability to identify opportunities in segments they know and enjoy; they accept to take higher risks than executives; they constantly search for innovation and learning; and they work with a flexible approach taking benefit of their previous corporate and entrepreneur experiences. The self-knowledge exercise also feeds in parallel, the development of a personal strategic plan, initiated with the definition or review of a life purpose and the personal values, that will allow the goals and targets definition to manage the three capitals (financial, intellectual and social) recommended as a new approach to personal strategic planning. The professional identity transition should happen with a lot of experimentation, attention to the insights, changes and decision moments, while the executive consider personal and entrepreneur support, as the final elements of the process.

Diferentemente de muitas cidades europeias, a urbanização da cidade de São Paulo ocorreu na medida de seu crescimento econômico e populacional, formando um desenho urbano heterogêneo, sem padrões. A falta de um planejamento eficaz somada à priorização do transporte individual geraram problemas urbanos tais como congestionamentos, degradação ambiental, transporte público incipiente, etc. O novo plano diretor estratégico de São Paulo surge com uma proposta para reorganização da cidade, adensando regiões providas de maior infraestrutura e limitando a densidade populacional das outras regiões. Responsável pelo desenvolvimento imobiliário, o setor de real estate é afetado diretamente pelas novas diretrizes do plano diretor. Neste trabalho, são discutidos os impactos do novo plano diretor no planejamento de produtos residenciais, identificando os efeitos na formação de preços e das tipologias que passarão a ser ofertadas de acordo com as novas diretrizes de uso do solo, bem como as possíveis respostas do mercado, ou seja, empreendedores e a população. A metodologia de pesquisa contou com estudos bibliográficos, coleta de dados em uma incorporadora tradicional da cidade de São Paulo, e estudos de qualidade de investimento. Uma base de dados de terrenos foi submetida ao modelo de modo a comparar os resultados de empreender considerando a legislação anterior e a atual imposta pelo plano. Como resultado, verificou-se que a consequência indireta do plano será o aumento de preço de venda de apartamentos. Para minimizar esse efeito, será necessário: reduzir as taxas de retorno do empreendedor, reduzir as áreas privativas, custos de obra e os custos de terreno. Para os empreendedores, o planejamento de produtos se tornará ainda mais importante, diante das novas limitações e da provável redução de seus resultados financeiros. Ainda, a tendência é que terrenos localizados próximos dos eixos de transporte tenham seus preços de comercialização elevados, e a oferta de apartamentos nessas regiões será de produtos de até 80 metros quadrados. Já os terrenos localizados em regiões de baixo aproveitamento poderão ter a atividade de incorporação inviabilizada, a não ser que haja reduções consideráveis dos custos de terreno. / Differently from many European cities, the urbanization of São Paulo has happened throughout its economic and populational growth, creating a heterogeneous urban design with lack of pattern. The lack of an effective planning and the priorization of individual transport have created urban problems such as heavy traffics, environment degradation, insufficient public transport systems, etc. The new Strategic Plan of São Paulo appears with the aim of reorganizing the city, by making well use of existing infrastructure and limitating the population density in other areas. Responsible for the properties development, the real estate market is directly affected by the new guidelines of the Plan. This work discusses the impacts of the new Strategic Plan in residential product planning, identifying the effects in prices and the type of products that will be offered in the city, according to the new guidelines of land use, as well as the possible response from the market and its entrepreneurs and population. The research methodology included bibliographic studies, database acquisition in a tradicional real estate company from São Paulo, and quality of investments studies. The database, which formed a land bank, was submitted to a spreadsheet model, in order to compare the results of the investment considering the former legislation and the present legislation imposed by the Plan. As a result, the indirect consequence of the Plan will be the rise in the apartments\' selling prices. The minimization of this effect will require: reduce the rate of return of the entrepreneurs, reduce the apartments\' areas, construction costs and land costs. To entrepreneurs, product planning will be even more important, due to the new limitations and the possible reduction in their financial results. Furthermore, it is likely that areas located next to transport axes have their selling prices raised, and the offer of apartments will be products of up to 80 square meters. On the other hand, areas located in regions with lower construction potential can have their real estate potential restrained, unless there is a considerable reduction in land costs.

A laranja é das frutíferas a mais cultivada, conhecida e estudada no mundo. No Brasil, a fruta foi introduzida logo no início da colonização e foi se expandindo por todo o território, seguindo os caminhos da cafeicultura. Na década de 1980, o Brasil tornou-se o maior produtor mundial de laranja, não só em termos de produção, mas também em tecnologia, isso graças à união de uma citricultura extremamente eficiente e desenvolvida, aliada a uma indústria competitiva. Atualmente, a citricultura brasileira conta com aproximadamente 12 mil produtores de laranja, espalhados por mais de 800 mil hectares, cultivando 165 milhões de árvores, gerando em 2009, um PIB do setor de US$ 6,5 bilhões e o faturamento bruto da cadeia produtiva de US$ 14,6 bilhões. A citricultura também arrecadou em 2009, cerca de US$ 190 milhões em impostos para o Estado brasileiro, gerou cerca de 230 mil postos de trabalho, movimentando assim uma massa salarial de R$ 676 milhões (NEVES et al., 2010; IBGE, 2006; 2010). A produção brasileira de suco de laranja representa 53% da produção mundial, sendo que 98% do que é produzido no país é exportado, conferindo ao Brasil, 78% de participação no mercado mundial, o que representa dizer que de cada 5 copos de laranja tomados no mundo, três foram produzidos no Brasil (NEVES et al., 2012). Apesar da superioridade brasileira na produção de suco de laranja, o setor vem passando por algumas preocupações, como a alta dependência do mercado externo, a queda no consumo de suco de laranja nos principais mercados consumidores e importadores brasileiros, crescimento de novas bebidas inovadoras que competem com o suco de laranja, falta de posicionamento e visão estratégica do sistema agroindustrial no Brasil, aumento dos custos agrícolas e industriais brasileiros, pragas e doenças que vêm assolando os pomares, entre outros problemas. Desta forma, diante dos problemas expostos, o estudo tem por objetivo apresentar uma proposta de plano estratégico para o sistema agroindustrial citrícola brasileiro, visando à proposição de projetos estratégicos que buscam mitigar os problemas enfrentados e fortalecer o sistema agroindustrial. Para desenhar o plano foi utilizado o método de Planejamento e Gestão Estratégica de Sistemas Agroindustriais (GESis), desenvolvido por Neves (2008). O estudo caracteriza-se como de natureza exploratória sendo uma pesquisa qualitativa, para tanto foram realizadas análises de dados secundários e dados primários que foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade baseadas em um roteiro semiestruturado. As análises foram realizadas cruzando-se os resultados dos dados primários obtidos nas entrevistas, com os dados secundários e a teoria estudada. Como resultados apresentou-se um plano estratégico específico para o sistema agroindustrial citrícola. No plano estratégico foram propostos objetivos estratégicos quantificáveis para o sistema agroindustrial citrícola e treze projetos que auxiliarão na busca pelos objetivos estratégicos e para mitigar os efeitos negativos vivenciados pelo setor e fortalecê-lo. / Orange is the most known, cultivated and studied fruit worldwide. In Brazil, the fruit was introduced in the early colonization, expanding throughout the country and following the paths of coffee production. In the 80s, Brazil became the world\'s largest orange producer, not only in terms of production, but also in technology due to the union of a developed and extremely efficient citrus industry combined with a competitive industry. Currently the Brazilian citrus industry has approximately 12 thousand orange producers spread over 800 thousand hectares, cultivating 165 million trees, creating in 2009 a GDP of US$ 6.5 billion with the gross sales of the production chain totaling US$ 14.6 billion. The citrus industry also raised in 2009 around US$ 190 million in taxes to the Brazilian state, generating about 230 thousand jobs, moving a payroll of US$ 676 million (NEVES et al, 2010; IBGE, 2006; 2010). Brazilian orange juice production represents 53% of world production and 98% of what is produced in the country is exported, giving Brazil 79% of global market share, which means that for every 5 glasses of orange juice taken in the world, three were produced in Brazil (NEVES et al., 2012). Despite Brazilian superiority in the production of orange juice, the industry has been going through some concerns such as high dependence on external market, fall in the consumption of orange juice in the main consumer markets and Brazilian importers, growth of new innovative beverages that compete with orange juice, lack of strategic vision and positioning of the agribusiness system in Brazil, rise of Brazilian agricultural and industrial costs, pests and diseases that have been devastating orchards among other problems. Concerning the problems above, the study aims to present a proposal of a strategic plan for the Brazilian citrus agribusiness system in order to propose strategic projects that aim to mitigate the problems faced and to strengthen the agribusiness system. To design the plan, it was used Planning and Strategic Management of Agribusiness Systems method (GESis) developed by Neves (2008). The nature of the study is exploratory and the research is qualitative. In order to do so, analyzes of secondary data and primary data that were collected through in-depth interviews based on a semi-structured interview were carried out. These analyzes were performed by crossing the results of primary data obtained through interviews with the secondary data and the theory studied. As a result, a specific strategic plan for citrus agribusiness system was presented. In the strategic plan, it was proposed strategic objectives for citrus agribusiness system and thirteen projects that will assist in the search for strategic objectives, mitigating the negative effects experienced by the agroindutrial system and strengthening it.

This thesis deals with the topic of strategic planning and rural development. The target of research was a Local Action Group Landscape of my Heart. The aim of the dissertation was to evaluate the efficiency of the Strategic plan LEADER for the period 2007-2013. The analytical section is divided into two parts. Through a qualitative research - a standardized observation of indicators of development potential of settlements - it was found, that the selected variables (especialy value of grants invested in the municipality) had a negligible effect on the aesthetic appearance of villages. The second part of the analysis was performed using a quantitative method. Analysis of the statistical indicators of development found no correlation with the above evaluation of these indicators for the chosen variables. The selected research methods didn't prove noticeable efficiency of the strategic plan LEADER.

Title: Strategic management in Czech full-contact union Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to assess the use of strategic activities and to analyze the environment of the selected organization in order to design specific strategic plan and propose recomendations for implementation of this plan as well as implementation of strategic management. Methods: The methods used in this thesis are methods of both qualitative and quantitative research and specifically the methods used are: Observation, Survey, document analysis, SWOT analysis and other partial analysis. Results: The outcome of this thesis is strategic situational analysis of Czech full-contact union and proposed is specific strategic plan for the period 2017 - 2020. Keywords: strategic plan, strategy, kickboxing, SWOT analysis