<p>Går det att förutspå framtida aktiepriser genom att undersöka hur priser, på samma aktier, rört sig historisk? För att undersöka detta har vi använt oss av teknisk analys. Denna uppsats undersöker om teknisk analys på stockholmsbörsen kan användas för att uppnå högre avkastning än en s.k. Buy and Hold Strategi. I undersökningen används Relative Strength Index som teknisk analysmetod för att försöka förutspå framtida upp- och nedgångar i aktiepriser på tjugofem av de högst omsatta aktierna på Stockholmsbörsen. I undersökningen kompletteras Relative Strength Index med en Money Management strategi, som är till för att begränsa förlusterna. Undersökningsperioden sträcker sig mellan januari 2001 och juni 2008.</p><p> </p><p>Svaga statistiska resultat, kombinerat med generellt sett lägre avkastningar, säger oss att förutspå framtida upp- och nedgångar på Stockholmsbörsen med hjälp av Relative Strength Index ej är att föredra framför strategin Buy and Hold.</p>

This thesis presents an in-depth ethnographic mapping of deceased donation in a Catalan hospital. A unique site in terms of leading edge technoscientific practices, high rates of donation and its consolidated specialised team of transplant coordinators (TCs). The thesis situates donation as an embedded medical practice and traces the practicalities and specificities of making donation a possibility at the hospital. The empirical accounts offer a distinctive contribution that complements and challenges existing social sciences literature about donation. The latter have predominantly focused on donation as a controversial practice through highlighting the emotional experiences of donors’ families and individual medical practitioners involved. This empirical investigation mobilises, and further develops, STS material semiotics tools to provide an account of donation enacted as both procurement and healthcare. Ethnographic insights illustrate the shifting processes of mutual inclusion and exclusion that underpin the trajectory of integrating donation as a routinized hospital practice, along the recurring set of enduring tensions. This is achieved by following the work of TCs along the stages of donor detection, evaluation, maintenance, consent request and organ extraction. Crucially, the analytical focus decenters the individual actors’ perspectives, broadening the scope of the inquiry and making visible the complex sociomaterial arrangements that take place, inside and outside the hospital, which are rendered as a gradual process of assembling donations. Families’ consent to donation is essential but it is decentered, it is neither that which starts a donation process nor the only factor that contributes to the assembling of a donation process. Unlike available anthropological and sociological studies of donation this work is not about documenting the reductionist transition from patient to donor, whole to parts, person to thing and denouncing the fall from subject to object reified in donation practices. The emphasis here is on tracing the overlap between donors as patients, thus the analysis shows the shifting enactments of the embedded donor/patient configuration, which includes the donor/body, donor/person and donor/corpse figures simultaneously along the donation process. The intervention of bodies as active entities is examined through a speculative and pragmatic elucidation on the situated and relational enactments of responsive bodies and organs. This thesis contributes to contemporary re/articulations of materiality and agency through the lens of distributed joint action and entangled actors from a nonanthropomorphic stance. The research also contributes to current policy debates in the UK, and in Scotland in particular, that propose to tackle the national problem of low donation rates with a legislative move to an opt-out system for donation. It offers robust empirical evidence to contest the dominant organ shortage problematisation that is reduced to the legal polarity of either opting in or out of donation. I suggest that questions about increasing donation rates cannot be restricted to the domain of individual choice as this excludes the situated medical practices that enable the choice of donation in the first place.

Oil is one of the most widespread high-density energy sources in the world: its importance for the military-industrial complex became even more evident in the postwar context. In this framework, establishing the conditions for accessing the world's oil-rich areas became essential for states, not only to provide for their own energy needs, but also to buttress national economic and geostrategic interests, and protect energy security. In addition, regulating the oil flow between countries afforded the ability to influence their operational capabilities. Exploiting oil as a geopolitical weapon was not distinctive of the two global hegemonic powers, but was also employed by less powerful countries, such as France and Italy. My thesis shows how, from the second half of the 1940s, successive Italian and French administrations established agencies for hydrocarbon management, and devised strategies of oil exploration according to their political agendas. Achieving energy autonomy was the main objective of both countries. However, the predominance of Anglo-American interests in both French and Italian oil scenarios led to continuous bilateral diplomatic tensions, especially over issues of exploration rights. Anglo-American governments and companies sought to shape the French and Italian oil scenes to their benefit, also by looking for allies in the political classes of the two countries. It was the outcome of these 'oily deals' that eventually shaped the history of Italian and French oil industries. Conflicting interests were revealed at their fullest during the Algerian war of 1954-62: following the discovery of large oil and gas fields in Algeria, US and Italian companies started to negotiate, first with the French and then the Algerians, their access to, and prospecting rights for Algerian territories. My work shows that negotiation processes involved secret surveillance activities, the establishment of parallel diplomacies, and serious confrontation between Cold War allies. A fundamental role in these deals was played by technocrats and geoscientists, who facilitated the communication of secret data on oilfields to their national authorities. Significant global oil discoveries occurred worldwide in the 1950s, eventually leading to overproduction: an outcome assisted by major progress in geophysical prospecting techniques. France's new role as an oil producer thanks to discoveries in Africa provoked a shift of national interest from exploration to transport. At the same time Italy, after the signing of massive oil-for-technology barter agreements with the Soviet Union, could now dispose of a surplus that needed channelling to potential outlets. For both countries, building pipelines became an essential aspect: however, as both were targeting the West European market, Europe became an arena of bitter competition for pipeline dominance. Italian-Soviet contracts, together with the current level of West European trade with the Soviet Union, prompted an examination of Western security by international organisations. The issue of limiting Soviet oil exports into West European countries was widely debated at the European Community and Nato, as was European technological aid to the Soviet project of constructing a colossal pipeline system. My analysis of the terms of the debates, their development and outcome, reveals the ambiguity of the concepts of security and 'strategic technology' as a ground for decision-making, indicating how these were construed as co-products of negotiations.

This paper aims to argue that TSS prevention has been and continues to be the responsibility of the menstruator and that this responsibility restricts menstrual freedoms. First, this paper will demonstrate that tampons were an integral part of menstrual culture when the TSS health crisis began in 1980. Secondly, the efforts of the CDC to mitigate, how the mitigations played out in print media, and what tampon manufacturers were doing will be analyzed to argue that mitigations restricted menstrual freedom while simultaneously making any future occurrence of TSS a product of user error. Finally, the current preventative advice given to menstruators, current CDC activity, and current scientific understandings and activity are analyzed to argue that menstruators are still restricted and made responsible for TSS today.

<p>Uppsatsens syfte är att studera inköp av informationssystem i offentlig sektor och iden-tifiera sådana egenskaper hos dessa inköp som kommer sig av att de görs inom offentlig sektor.</p><p>Egenskaperna har identifierats genom att ställa fyra fallstudier i relation till en referens-ram bestående av teorier om hur inköp av informationssystem bör genomföras, om hur en organisation ska hantera effekterna av ett inköp av informationssystem samt om in-köp i allmänhet inom offentlig sektor.</p><p>Lagen om offentlig upphandling reglerar offentliga enheters arbetsmetoder och ansvar, vilket ger en strukturerad men oflexibel inköpsprocess. Speciellt får det konsekvenser för leverantörskontakterna innan och under upphandling. Vi tror att rutinerna som föl-jer av lagstiftningen ofta kan vara positiva då de tvingar enheterna att utvärdera de egna behoven.</p>

<p>Öppen källkod i kommersiellt syfte blir allt vanligare. Öppen och sluten källkod medför olika förutsättningar då ett företag som utvecklar öppen källkod inte kan ta betalt för användandet av en produkt på samma sätt som ett företag som utvecklar sluten källkod. Vad finns det för samband mellan dessa olika strategiska förutsättningar och valet av källkodslicens hos ett företag som utvecklar öppen källkod jämfört med ett som utvecklar sluten källkod?</p><p>Ett företag som utvecklar öppen källkod måste leverera ett mervärde till sina kunder i form av goda kundrelationer eller överlägsen produkt på grund av att de inte kan binda sina kunder i samma utsträckning som ett företag som utvecklar sluten källkod. Ett företag som utvecklar sluten källkod har även valet att erbjuda sina kunder en standardiserad produkt som medför en låg totalkostnad för</p><p>kunden.</p>

The aim of this thesis is to explore possible differences between public and private companies’ way to manage projects. In order to analyze the managerial aspects, we have studied the project of a new payment system implemented at the public-transport organization Upplands Lokaltrafik (UL). The project enables mobile payment by text message (SMS). Most theory concerning the management of projects is developed for private companies. It is therefore of great interest to explore whether that theory is applicable to the SMS-project conducted by a public company. Within the theory of project management, we have chosen to focus on the concept of process orientation in order to describe the project and the parties involved. To specify the different stages of the work process we have used Deming’s cycle. The cycle describes the iterative workflow of a project by the four stages; Plan (Planning the project), Do (Implementing the project), Study(Study the effects of the implementation) and Act (Act upon the results of the feedback). The model’s four stages are represented by equally large shares in the optimal cycle, however, the most common situation for private companies is that the Do part is larger than the other parts and the Study and Act parts are seldom employed. The decision-making process in public companies is more complex due to their organizational structure, which in UL’s case implies that the project process is different to that of private companies. With this in mind, the process of evaluation is more difficult to conduct. The finding of this study is that the public and private companies have somewhat different management techniques, which we have observed in particular while studying the SMS-project. Nevertheless, the SMS-project is run with some similar characteristics to a private company, which we have seen has affected the outcome of the project negatively in the sense that they have failed to use the process orientation fully. UL would therefore benefit from using process-orientation techniques such as evaluation and feedback in a greater extent in upcoming projects.

Alfa is one of the world’s leading IT advisory companies, with research and consulting abilities. Alfa Nordics is a successful part of Alfa focused on consulting in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Alfa Nordics will double their number of employees by the end of 2010 and we were asked to investigate how Alfa Nordics should enable this growth while keep being successful in having high profits, a strong brand, motivated employees and satisfied clients. By using theories about KBOs (Knowledge-Based Organizations) and conducting interviews with employees at Alfa Nordics we identified what makes Alfa Nordics successful today and what they should do to keep these success factors when growing. To keep their success within the organization Alfa should keep the execution teams small, recruit a resource manager and improve the knowledge exchange between the countries. To keep making successful engagements they should keep defining the problem in the best way for the client, ensuring sales and keep having the right employees. To keep their success in employing top consultants they should be visible in talented people environments, show that they are growing, develop a more thorough recruiting plan.

Uppsatsens titel: Samordning av inköp – Peab Bygg Region Trollhättan Seminariedatum: 18 januari 2008 Ämne/Kurs: Företagsekonomi. Kandidatuppsats, 15hp Författare: Linus Gad och Maria Qvillberg Handledare: Susanne Åberg Nyckelord: Inköp, samordning, byggföretag, centralisering, decentralisering, totalkostnad, inköpsorganisation, inköpsstrategi Syfte: Studiens syfte är att utreda hur Peab Bygg Region Trollhättan kan nå samordningsfördelar inom ramen för nuvarande inköpsorganisation. Teoretisk referensram: Ett flertal teorier om samordning samt strategi och organisation i inköpsarbetet har sammanfogats för att skapa en god teoretisk grund av hög relevans för studien. Teorierna har sedan används för att ta fram en tillämpbar analysmodell. Metod: En kvalitativ metod har använts där intervjuer bidragit till stora delar av det empiriska materialet. Intervjuerna utfördes på Peab Bygg Region Trollhättan med personer med viktiga roller inom inköparbetet. Studien är av deduktiv typ då inledande teoretiska studier har legat till grund för de intervjufrågor som ställdes. Genom att länka samman teori och empiri har utvecklingsmöjligheterna inom inköpssamordning analyserats. Empiri: Empirin består av tre delar, där den första delen ger en bakgrundsbeskrivning av Peab och byggbranschen. Därefter följer en detaljerad redogörelse av inköpsarbetet i Region Trollhättan och avslutningsvis beskrivs hur man arbetar med samordning idag, samt hur man vill att det ska fungera framöver. Resultat: Målsättning, rollfördelning och kommunikation har identifierats som fokusområden för samordningsarbetet i Region Trollhättan. Samordning bör i nuläget ske i form av samköp mellan projekt och förbättrat informationsutbyte. En ansvarsfördelning och rutiner för samordningssatsningen bör utarbetas. Regionen bör också bli bättre på att ta tillvara på erfarenheter efter avslutade projekt och utnyttja existerande medier för att förbättra kommunikationen.

Går det att förutspå framtida aktiepriser genom att undersöka hur priser, på samma aktier, rört sig historisk? För att undersöka detta har vi använt oss av teknisk analys. Denna uppsats undersöker om teknisk analys på stockholmsbörsen kan användas för att uppnå högre avkastning än en s.k. Buy and Hold Strategi. I undersökningen används Relative Strength Index som teknisk analysmetod för att försöka förutspå framtida upp- och nedgångar i aktiepriser på tjugofem av de högst omsatta aktierna på Stockholmsbörsen. I undersökningen kompletteras Relative Strength Index med en Money Management strategi, som är till för att begränsa förlusterna. Undersökningsperioden sträcker sig mellan januari 2001 och juni 2008.   Svaga statistiska resultat, kombinerat med generellt sett lägre avkastningar, säger oss att förutspå framtida upp- och nedgångar på Stockholmsbörsen med hjälp av Relative Strength Index ej är att föredra framför strategin Buy and Hold.