This diploma thesis deals with the polemic dispute between the subcultural magazines Tramp and Naše osady regarding the concept of the tramp identity and politicization of the subculture of tramping between the years 1929 to 1931. It examines the so-called red tramping - the inclination of part of the tramps towards communism as well as the related politicization of the subculture and its development, the platform of which is often considered to be the magazine Tramp; as well as criticism of this approach by Naše osady magazine, which advocates non-political tramping. The result of this work is the division of politicization of the subculture in the observed period into three stages: the efforts of MP Jiří Stříbrný and the media in his possession to politicize the subculture towards his politics, politicization and declaratively non-political members the culmination of a moral panic over tramping, and the communist politicization of tramps. The thesis concludes that Tramp magazine was a platform for red tramping, but only in the second half of its existence, not throughout the whole period, and that red tramping can be described as its leftist and later communist orientation, which remains largely ideological than to openly invoke the Communist Party. Furthermore, the thesis finds that the controversy,...

This thesis deals with aspects and force of gender order in Prague rock bands. It is focused on presence of gender aspects which are viewed from a gender point of view. Main aim of my research is to cover force of gender order in specificic musicial field which has connotation primarly with men. Also to obtain ethnographic description of this subculture. I'm going to fulfill the aim of my research by research in field, by interviews with informators and content lyrics analysis. This thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part contains particular definitions and theoretical approaches. Empirical describes a strategy of my research, whole procedure and results of the research. Key words: culture, subculture, gender, masculinity, femininity, ethnography, rock

Doing, undoing, and redoing gender debates have established the omnirelevance and performativity of gender. Yet, little is known about the ways that individuals "do" gender in spaces that provide the opportunity for norms to be disrupted, such as subcultures. This study offers an empirical investigation into the performance of gender within the subculture known as EDM (electronic dance music) culture. Using 20 in-depth interviews that were conducted virtually, I analyze the way ravers experience and give meaning to gender within the EDM culture. I find that individuals within the EDM culture can participate in the doing, undoing, and redoing of gender and do so through the embodiment of their subcultural beliefs and ideology, known as PLUR (peace, love, unity, and respect). I argue that the embodiment of PLUR is gendered, and describe the body-reflexive practices that are associated with PLUR.

Discourses on trauma in the South African Police Service (SAPS) focus primarily on the experience of traumatic events as the primary reason for the emotional difficulties that members experience. This study questions this dominant discourse and examines additional discourses that may contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of trauma in the SAPS. The research entailed a qualitative analysis of 15 essays written by members of the SAPS, with the aim of exploring alternative discourses on the experience of trauma by police officers. The participants included fifteen male, officers from three units in the Gauteng region. The data were analysed within a psychodynamic frame, and findings suggest that police officers’ reactions to trauma are significantly influenced by factors other than mere exposure to traumatic events. The history of psychological trauma indicates that constructions of traumatic stress are strongly connected with cultural, social and political circumstances. Current psychodynamic thinking emphasises the meaning of the real traumatic occurrence, which causes trauma by changing a person’s experience of the self in relation to selfobjects. The research results suggest that the sociohistorical circumstances in South Africa, the transformation effected in the police service, and political and structural uncertainty play an important role in contributing to an overwhelming sense of loss and uncertainty. Perceived losses include the loss of the supportive police subculture, loss of meaning in their work, loss of a sense of masculinity as well as loss of a sense of competence and agency. Findings further reveal that officers’ experience a sense of being overwhelmed, powerless and helpless in the face of these historical and organisational changes. These feelings generate significant anxiety and impact negatively on officers’ self-esteem. Feelings of omnipotence and invulnerability, which are necessary for effective coping in the policing environment, are negatively affected. Furthermore, without the existence of a supportive social group, this anxiety becomes uncontained and unmanageable. / Thesis (PhD (Psychotherapy))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Psychology / PhD / unrestricted

Despite growing as a new popular facet of tourism in Japan, Seichi junrei is still niche and largely undocumented, stifling both the experiences of participants as well as the opportunities in the tourism industry. The tourism industry is changing and always trying to improve but lacks a personal touch. According to studies, the tourism industry focuses more on mainstream tourism than it does on niche tourism. Seichi junrei community issues are not being heard by the tourism industry; There are no user-friendly platforms available for the subculture to contribute towards tourism. This text explores the development of tourism and improving the experiences of tourists participating in the phenomena known as seichi junrei. Seichi junrei is explored through ethnography to create bonds. Together as a team of voluntary participants, through participatory design challenges the current problems with tourist experiences and improves them through digital tourism. The thesis creates a community and a platform that solves the user experience problems of seichi junrei. Seichi junrei becomes a guide for new fans where everyone can work as a community and help evolve the tourism phenomena of seichi junrei.

This thesis examines the identity of the U.S. military personnel (the Marines) through their perceptions of a war television series, Generation Kill. The thesis sampled 38 respondents through an online questionnaire. The thesis uses the encoding and decoding theory to reveal that the Marine respondents demonstrated multiple interpretations of themes and concepts in the official discourses. The negotiated decoding from the respondents shows an interchangeable nature of the concepts that the official discourses and the informal conducts are integral to each other. The thesis makes use of the details in GK to draw out the grunts’ experience of being a Marine. In the end, it shows the Marine identity experienced by individual members is diverse and multilayered, and the identity could be shaped and negotiated. The research not only contributes to the missing research on professional subcultures in audience reception studies, but also engages an interdisciplinary exploration on issues about the military in democratic societies.

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Danmei fandom is a subcultural community of young women in China. In the context of strict online censorship in China, they engage in the practices of writing, sharing, and reading Danmei fanfic, which is fan secondary works that focuses on the romantic relationship between male characters in media content and popular culture productions. This thesis proposes three research questions: 1) What kind of gendered exploration do female fans do through their participation in the reading and writing of Danmei fanfic? 2) How do fans engage in communication in the Danmei fandom online community? and 3) How do fans’ understanding of censorship guide their practices of circumventing censorship? This thesis uses textual poachers, subculture theory, and heterotopia theory to construct a theoretical framework to explore the subcultural practices of female Danmei fans and the tensions between Danmei subculture and mainstream ideology. To better understand Danmei fandom in a specific context, this project adopted the qualitative research methods of in-depth interviews and netnography to collect empirical data. This research discovers that Danmei fanfic can be a tool for female empowerment, providing a space for women to freely explore their sexuality and challenge traditional gender roles and stereotypes. This creative space offers an alternative perspective that diverges from mainstream values and norms, allowing for resistance against dominant ideologies. However, Danmei fandom is connected to mainstream society in a broader ideological sense and reproduces hegemonic discourses and systems to some extent. Additionally, Danmei fandom not only makes diverse gender explorations, but also shows resistance to authoritarian censorship. By imagining the procedures and standards of censorship, they develop collective media use strategies and symbolic meaning systems to circumvent censorship. This thesis focuses on Chinese women’s daily leisure activities to understand female youth subcultures in Chinese contexts and broaden the understanding of slash fanfic in non-Western as well as non-English contexts.

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