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Subjekvorming deur literatuuronderrig aan universiteite in Suid-Afrika sedert 1994 / Gerda DullaartDullaart, Anna Gertruida January 2002 (has links)
Hierdie studie ondersoek die beroepsgeleenthede vir literatuurgraduandi in postapartheid Suid-Afrika.
Die subjekvorming van literatuurstudente en -dosente word ondersoek deur
ideologie-kritiese analises van akademiese en politieke diskoers.
Uit die analises blyk 'n kloof tussen die wêreld van werk en die akademiese ivoortoring, tussen
brood en boeke. Dit blyk dat diskoers uit die beroepswêreld nie die ivoortoring deurdring en die
literêr-akademiese diskoers insemineer nie. Die kloof word toegeskryf aan akademiese
magsverhoudings wat subjekvorming reguleer, en aan die ideologiese prosesse waarmee
literatore gemarginaliseer word in die "regte wêreld".
As 'n eerste stap ondersoek die studie die akademie as 'n kerngesin en pas Luce lrigaray se
feministiese psigoanalise toe op die verhouding tussen dosente en studente. Die gevolgtrekking
is dat literatuurdosente die ekonomiese potensiaal van literatuurgraduandi uitsluit, om so hulle eie
subjek nisse as houers van simboliese kapitaal vol te staan.
Subjekvorming is 'n beweging vanaf die (akademiese) kerngesin in die wyer wêreld in. Daarom
ondersoek die studie in 'n tweede stap hoe literatuurgraduandi se subjekvorming plaasvind in die
drie ideologiese staatsapparate (ISA's) van Althusser (ekonomie, onderwys en politiek). Hieruit
spruit insigte oor identiteitsvorming in die spanningsvelde tussen kapitalisme, postkolonialisme,
neokolonialisasie en globalisasie.
Dit blyk dat literatuurgraduandi goed kan vaar in ruwe nuwe ekonomiese terreine soos
ontwikkelingswerk, omgewingsonderwys, kennisbestuur en elektroniese joernalistiek. Hulle is
egter nie bewus van hierdie beroepsgeleenthede nie, as gevolg van die kloof tussen brood en
boeke. Om die kloof te oorbrug, beveel die studie in 'n derde stap aan dat
literatuuronderrigdoelstellings eksplisiet vertaal moet word tot beroepsvaardighede.
Om literatuurdosente te help om doelstellings te formuleer wat begeerlik is op die arbeidsmark, is
'n interaktiewe rekenaarprogram ontwikkel as deel van die studie. Dit is beskikbaar op die internet
by http://www.smartt.co.za/wizz/wizz.htm
Literatuurdosente kan die kloof ook oorbrug deur studente te bemagtig deur middel van die
dialogiese onderrigmetode, soos ontwikkel deur bevrydinspedagoog Paulo Freire. Verder kan
dosente die magsverhoudings van die akademie dekonstrueer en as radikale dosent onderrig
bied in dissent en diskursiewe vaardighede.
Dissent en diskursiewe vaardighede is ook kosbaar op die arbeidsmark, en aktiveer
literatuurdosente en -studente se vryheid en verantwoordelikheid om hulle eie subjek nisse te
bepaal en etiese plekke in te neem as kritiese en revolusionêre intellektueles. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2002
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'n Analitiese oorsig van Stefans Grové se Dansrapsodie - 'n Afrika-stad en Jeanne Zaidel - Rudolph se Fanfare Festival Overture met spesifieke verwysing na die aanwending van Afrika-etniese elemente (Afrikaans)Van Graan, Carin 31 August 2010 (has links)
Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad van Stefans Grové en Fanfare Festival Overture van Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph ten opsigte van struktuur, melodie, ritme en instrumentasie te ontleed en sodoende vas te stel watter Afrika-etniese elemente gebruik word en hoe dit toegepas is. ʼn Vergelykende studie is gedoen om vas te stel of daar enige ooreenkomste of verskille tussen die twee werke is. Verskeie skripsies, verhandelings en proefskrifte oor werke van Grové en Zaidel- Rudolph is geraadpleeg. Die skrywer kon nie gepubliseerde weergawes van Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad en Fanfare Festival Overture opspoor nie, daarom is die ontleding met behulp van afskrifte van die handgeskrewe manuskripte onderneem. Daar is gereeld na die CD-opnames van albei werke (op die Claremont GSE-etiket) geluister. Die verhandeling bestaan uit ses hoofstukke. In die eerste hoofstuk word die agtergrond en motivering vir die studie uiteengesit en Hoofstuk 2 bevat kort biografieë van Grové en Zaidel-Rudolph. Grové se Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad word in Hoofstuk 3 ontleed en verskillende Afrika-etniese elemente word beskryf soos wat dit van toepassing op die analise is. Zaidel-Rudolph se Fanfare Festival Overture word in Hoofstuk 4 op dieselfde wyse as Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad ontleed. Die laaste twee hoofstukke (Hoofstuk 5 en 6) bevat ʼn vergelyking tussen die aanwending van Afrika-etniese elemente in die twee komposisies, asook gevolgtrekkings en voorstelle vir verdere studie. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekkings is die volgende: <ul> <li> Afrika-etniese elemente word in albei werke op só ʼn manier aangewend dat die komposisie vir ʼn Westerse orkes toeganklik is.</li> <li> In albei werke se struktuur word die roep-en-antwoord-beginsel en herhalende melodieë wat tydens elke herhaling effens gewysig word (permutasie) aangewend. Die melodiese inhoud word deur die mineur terts (ʼn interval van die pentatoniese toonleer) en twyfelagtige tonaliteite oorheers. Ritmiese ostinaatpatrone, die 12/8-metrum en poliritmiek in die Afrika-deel van Zaidel-Rudolph se komposisie bewerkstellig onmiddellik Afrika-etniese assosiasies. Die bongo-tromme en marimba kom in albei komposisies as Afrika-instrumente voor.</li> <li>Grové en Zaidel-Rudolph benader die aanwending van Afrika-etniese elemente in Westerse musiek op verskillende maniere.</li></ul> ENGLISH : The main objective of this study was to analyse the structure, melody, rhythm and instrumentation of Stefans Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad and Jeanne Zaidel- Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture in order to determine which African ethnic elements are used in the two compositions and how these elements are applied. A comparative study was done to determine what the similarities and differences are between the two works. Several mini-dissertations, dissertations and theses about works by Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph were consulted. The author could not find published versions of Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad and Fanfare Festival Overture, therefore the analysis was done with copies of the hand-written manuscripts. The author frequently listened to CD recordings (Claremont GSE label) of both works. The dissertation consists of six chapters. In the first chapter the author explains the background and motivation for the study and Chapter 2 contains short biographies of Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph. Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad is analysed in Chapter 3 and the different African ethnic elements that apply to this work are described. Zaidel-Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture is analysed in Chapter 4, in the same way as Grové’s Dansrapsodie – ʼn Afrika-stad. The last two chapters (Chapter 5 and 6) include a comparison between the application of African ethnic elements in the two compositions, as well as conclusions and suggestions of topics for future studies. The most important conclusions are the following: <ul> <li> African ethnic elements are applied in such a way that both compositions are accessible for Western (“art music”) orchestras.</li> <li> In both compositions’ structure the call-and-response principle and repeated melodies (that are modified during each repeat) are applied. Both works’melodic content is dominated by the interval of a minor 3rd (an interval from the pentatonic scale) and an ambiguous tonality. Rhythmic ostinatos, the 12/8 metre and polyrhythm in the African part of Zaidel-Rudolph’s Fanfare Festival Overture immediately bring about African ethnic associations. The bongos and marimba as African instruments can be found in both works.</li> <li> Grové and Zaidel-Rudolph approach the application of African ethnic elements in Western art music in different ways.</li></ul> Copyright / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Music / unrestricted
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Waste management behaviour : a case study of school children in Mpumalanga, South Africa / Ignatius Michael van NiekerkVan Niekerk, Ignatius Michael January 2014 (has links)
This study examined the level of awareness, knowledge and practices of primary and
secondary schools students with regard to waste management. Only a limited number of
studies were found to evaluate school student’s awareness, knowledge and practice of
waste management in South Africa. Literature was reviewed dealing with waste
management awareness, knowledge and practices of school students and discussed at the
hand of the principles, objectives and targets of the South African Government towards
waste and waste management.
Using a structured, self-administered questionnaire, a total of 815 students were surveyed
from four primary schools and three secondary schools from the Embalenhle and Secunda
area Govan Mbeki Municipality, Mpumalanga South Africa. The data were analysed by the
use of descriptive statistics including frequency count, percentage, mean and standard
deviation. Other analyses employed included two-way frequency tables with Pearson Chisquare
test, Phi coefficient, in order to determine the significant relationship between
students’ socio-demographic variables.
The study showed that the students were obviously aware of concerns with waste and waste
management practices in their schools and local environment. It was also apparent the
school students had an acute awareness that poor waste management would have a
negative impact on the country as well as on them as the individual. This prominent
awareness was however not evident in the students’ waste management practices. Good
waste management practices activities were minimal at both the school and home
environment. Since school students are seen as one of the key agent of change to work
towards a more sustainable future, they should be engaged as young as possible and given
a quality array of continuous learning to improve their knowledge on environmental problems
such as poor waste management. Improved knowledge would contribute to improved
environmental awareness and a pro-environmental attitude. The critical recommendations of
the study are that the South African Government will have to intensify the research to better
understand the needs of children to environmental matters such as waste management. / M. Environmental Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Cancer patients' and health care professionals' perceptions and experiences of cancer treatment and care in South Africa / Mariska VenterVenter, Mariska January 2014 (has links)
Cancer is a potentially life-threatening disease, which affects millions of people worldwide. It is multifaceted in nature and can lead to impairment in a person‟s physical, social and emotional functioning (Beatty, Oxlad, Koczwara, & Wade, 2008). Multidimensional treatment, with highly specialised professionals, equipment and services is thus needed for the effective treatment thereof (Mathews, West, & Buehler, 2009).
Patients treated within the private and public healthcare sectors of South Africa have vastly differing treatment experiences. Only about 20% of the South African population has access to and can afford treatment within the private healthcare sector (Somdyala, Bradshaw, Gelderblom, & Parkin, 2010). While private sector patients have access to information, social workers and support groups, those in the public sector face life-threatening waiting times and a lack of empathy by public sector staff, weighed down by patient numbers and a lack of resources (Pillay 2002; Bateman, 2011). A study previously conducted by the researchers highlighted cancer patients‟ perceptions and experiences of treatment as being one of the most prominent themes influencing patients‟ overall cancer experience (Venter, Venter, Botha, & Strydom, 2008). This, coupled with the fact that the majority of research studies previously conducted in South Africa generally focused on the biomedical aspects of cancer (Albrecht, 2009), make exploring patients and healthcare professionals‟ perceptions and experiences of cancer treatment in a South African context potentially valuable.
The thesis consists of three sub-studies reported in three manuscripts. The aim of the first article was to provide a narrative literature review exploring cancer survivorship and management in the South African context by scrutinising research previously conducted on cancer treatment. The aim of the second and the third article was to explore patients and healthcare professionals‟ perceptions and experiences of cancer treatment in the private and public healthcare sectors in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. A 100 participants were purposively sampled from a government-funded hospital (n = 30 patients; n = 22 healthcare professionals) and a private treatment facility (n = 30 patients; 18 healthcare professionals). Data was collected by making use of both qualitative (self-report questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions; interviews) and quantitative (Needs Evaluation Questionnaire) measures. A qualitative content and statistical analysis was conducted.
Findings indicate that despite the expressed need for treatment to move towards a more biopsychosocial approach, the majority of the healthcare professionals in the current study are still primarily following a biomedical approach. Findings also indicate that the majority of the difficulties and frustrations experienced could be seen as being contextual problems and were not necessarily related to cancer treatment per se. Poor availability of resources and the South African population‟s diverse characteristics were responsible for the majority of the difficulties reported. Differing cultural beliefs, language barriers, illiteracy and unemployment were al seen as negatively influencing the treatment process. This is consistent with Serin et al. (2004), who reported that there is a significant relationship between the systemic nature of medical issues and the social, material and psychological difficulties cancer patients‟ experience. The systemic nature of healthcare needs highlighted in the current study emphasises the necessity for cancer treatment in South Africa to employ a more biopsychosocial approach. True collaboration between healthcare professionals working towards a common goal should thus be considered as being the ideal.
Considering the socioeconomic divide and resource discrepancy between the private and public healthcare sectors in South Africa, credence must be given to the allocation of resources in the public sector. If this incongruity is to be addressed, there would have to be cooperation at government level. Assistance with regard to the allocation of funds, as well as the meticulous monitoring of the distribution thereof, is needed. Funding should be used to increase human and technical resources, as well as for staff development. Equitable care for all cancer patients, regardless of their socioeconomic status, is the ideal. The following recommendations on how to improve overall cancer care, in both sectors, can also be made: existing treatment sites need to be updated and additional sites developed; continuous research needs to be conducted; funds need to be allocated towards the development of effective transport and translation services; cultural diversity should be taken into account when developing awareness campaigns and treatment plans; healthcare professionals need to adopt a holistic approach during which attention is given to communication, establishing rapport and patient participation; and lastly healthcare professionals should also be encouraged to pay attention to their own healthcare needs as well. / PhD (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Grondbesit en grondgebruik by die baKwenabaMare-a-Phogole / Louis Petrus VorsterVorster, Louis Petrus January 1981 (has links)
No abstract available / Thesis (DPHil)--PU vir CHO, 1982
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The association between fibrinolysis markers and body composition in black adults in the North West Province of South Africa / Philna EksteenEksteen, Philna January 2014 (has links)
INTRODUCTION - Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) has a known relationship with obesity and more specifically with central obesity. Traditionally the physiological contribution of PAI-1 is seen as an indicator of fibrinolysis with increased PAI-1 levels contributing to decreased fibrinolysis. In more recent years, assays have been developed that not only uses proxy markers, such as PA-1, which is considered to be representative of fibrinolysis , but global assays that report on the global fibrinolytic potential of an individual, often reported as clot lysis time (CLT). Investigations into the relationship of CLT with obesity are scarce. Preliminary evidence shows that the relationship of CLT with obesity may differ from that of PAI-1 with obesity although in depth investigations in this regard are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between fibrinolysis markers (PAI-1act and CLT) and various markers of body composition in the South African Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) data collected during 2010.
METHODS - Data collected in the PURE study in 2010 were cross-sectionally analysed. The participants (n = 1288) were apparently healthy black South-African men and women 35 years and older, residing in urban and rural settlements in the North-West Province. Experimental methods included anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, hip circumference, waist circumference, skinfolds (triceps, chest, abdominal, thigh and supra iliac skinfolds) and body composition measurements by means of air-displacement plethysmography and biolelectrical impedance analysis. Laboratory analysis of fibrinolysis markers, PAI-1act and CLT were also performed.
MAIN FINDINGS - In men, similarities were seen regarding the relationship between PAI-1act and body composition markers and the relationships observed between CLT and body composition markers. In contrast, in the women more and stronger associations were observed between CLT and body composition markers compared to that observed between PAI-1act and body composition markers. CLT showed a linear relationship with body composition markers where PAI-1act levels plateaued at higher body composition categories. Possible reasons for the observed differences may be related to differences in adipose tissue distribution and sequence of accumulation between men and women. PAI-1 is associated with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) where high amounts of stromal cells are found. In men preferential accumulation of VAT may explain similarities in the relationship of PAI-1act with body composition and that of CLT with body composition. Proportionally less VAT, but more subcutaneous adipose tissue in women may explain the observed increase in CLT compared to PAI-1act levels that plateaued over body composition tertiles and categories.
CONCLUSION - PAI-1act has a stronger association with central obesity while CLT has a stronger association with total body fat. In women PAI-1act and CLT showed different associations with body composition markers, whereas associations of PAI-1act and CLT with body composition were similar in men. PAI-1act is strongly influenced by type of body fat accumulation whereas CLT is associated with obesity independent of type and sequence of body fact accumulation. Significant associations observed between CLT and body composition variables are, therefore, at least in part, independent of PAI-1act. Additional factors such as, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), α-2-antiplasmin, plasminogen, prothrombin and fibrin clot structure that influence CLT and are also related to obesity may additionally contribute to the link between CLT and obesity. / MSc (Dietetics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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The temporal distribution and relative abundance of stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) (Diptera: Muscidae) in a feedlot near Heidelberg, Gauteng, South Africa / Maria Magdalena EvertEvert, Maria Magdalena January 2014 (has links)
The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) is a haematophagous fly that feeds primarily on the
forelegs of cattle stimulating a range of avoidance behaviours in confinement situations such as
feedlots. From literature it is apparent that stable flies associated with feedlots have a significant
impact on cattle especially with regard to economic parameters such as a decline in feed intake
and thus a lower average daily gain resulting in less meat production due to irritation caused by
painful bites. The abundance of the stable flies was studied in a large commercial feedlot near
Heidelberg from October 2012 to September 2013. Two tsetse fly traps, namely the NZI and the
Vavoua fly traps, were used and evaluated in determining the seasonal abundance of the stable
flies. The tsetse traps proved to be most effective for sampling stable flies compared to other
designs. The NZI and Vavoua tsetse type trap were compared and although there were no
significant difference the NZI trap proved to be more reliable and user friendly for this study.
Stable flies were more abundant from late December with a peak in numbers late in January
through February and became less abundant from early March. Minimum to no fly abundance
occurred in the winter months from May to June 2013. The data indicated a strong edge effect
for the stable flies, the flies were more abundant in pens and corridors that were surrounded by
vegetation, manure run off and holding ponds. The numbers collected in traps were correlated
with stable fly counts on the cattle to be used in calculating a future threshold in chemical
control. Preliminary observations on the influence of temperature, wind speed and rainfall were
also made. This research will form part of a larger project to determine an integrated fly
management program for the feedlot. / MSc (Environmental Sciences), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Self-regulation and psychological wellbeing in a cohort of black South African teachers :|bthe SABPA study / Nelmarie BoshoffBoshoff, Nelmarie January 2014 (has links)
The teaching profession is widely regarded as being very stressful (Klassen, Usher &
Bong, 2010; Otero, Castro, Santiago & Villardefrancosl, 2010). South African teachers,
especially Black teachers working in previously disadvantaged areas, have to cope with serious
stressors such as overcrowded classrooms and limited resources on a daily basis (Ngidi &
Sibaya, 2002; Moloi, 2010). Occupational stress of this nature is known to have significant
negative implications for well-being, and chronic stress has been linked to mood and anxiety
disorders, and other forms of psychopathology (Bellingrath, Weigl & Kudielka, 2009; Brock &
Buckley, 2012; Mundai, 2010). However, psychological buffers could enable individuals to
sustain normal development and even experience well-being, despite the presence of long-term
stress (Friborg, Hjemdal, Rosenvinge & Martinussen, 2003; Ryff & Singer, 2003). Noted among
these so-called protective factors, the process of self-regulation has been found to be predictive
of positive outcomes with regard to physiological and psychological well-being (Hofer, Busch &
Kärtner, 2011; Peterson & Seligman, 2004). Self-regulation has, however, been found to
represent a resource susceptible to depletion with repeated use, and there have been contradictory
reports regarding the long-term sustainability of self-regulation capacity (Converse & DeShon,
2009; Ryan & Deci, 2008). No longitudinal studies could be found that explore the natural
progression of self-regulation in a highly stressful context, and how changes in self-regulation
are associated with changes in stress and well-being levels. This thesis consists of three sub-studies that are reported in three manuscripts. In the first
of these sub-studies the levels of occupational stress and mental well-being in a cohort of Black
South African teachers were investigated, including how these two variables are related to each
other. The second sub-study aimed firstly to investigate the association between self-regulation
and Black South African teachers’ self-reported levels of mental well-being. Secondly, it aimed
to determine the role of the sub-constructs of the self-regulation process in the teachers’ selfreported
levels of mental well-being. The aim of the third article was also two-fold. It first aimed
to determine the natural progression of self-regulation within a highly stressful work context
over a period of three years. It then aimed to determine how long-term changes in the selfregulation
of individuals finding themselves in high-stress working conditions are associated
with changes in their self-reported levels of stress and mental well-being. Black South African
teachers (N=200, 101 men, 99 women) of ages ranging from 25 to 65 years from the North-West
province of South Africa participated in the baseline phase of the SABPA project in 2008. Of the
original 200 participants, a total of 173 teachers (88 men, 85 women) took part in data collection
for the follow-up study in 2011. Data were collected by making use of quantitative measures
(Teacher Stress Inventory (Boyle, Borg, Falzon & Baglion, 1995); General Health
Questionnaire-28 (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979); Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (Keyes,
2006); Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Carey, Neal & Collins, 2004)) that have been
validated for use in the South African context.
The findings indicate that this group of teachers experienced high levels of stress, and
symptoms indicative of mental illness to an extent that warrants psychiatric intervention.
However, participants also reported higher than expected levels of mental health. The findings
further indicated that self-regulation contributed positively to the participants’ mental health levels. The longitudinal findings also indicated improvements in this group of teachers’ selfregulation
levels over time, and that these long-term changes in self-regulation were positively
associated with changes in participants’ mental health. Recommendations for future
investigations on the role of self-regulation in well-being that flowed from this research include
extending research to other cultural groups and general populations; use of multiple or mixedmethod
approaches to provide more insight into the participants’ short- and long-term experience
of their working environment, their levels of stress and well-being and their self-regulation
levels; investigating the psychological perspective on stress and exploring the concept of optimal
self-regulation and the maintenance thereof. The study provided a holistic insight into the
importance of self-regulation as protective factor in a highly stressed context, especially with
regards to the promotion of mental well-being on a short term and long term basis. / PhD (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Exploring the experiences of counsellors during a trauma counselling training programme / Heleen CoetzeeCoetzee, Heleen January 2015 (has links)
Exposure of employees to traumatic experiences in the workplace is a reality that many organisations face. Although not every person exposed to a traumatic experience will necessarily develop post-traumatic stress, the workplace still has a responsibility to assist individuals to deal with psychological reactions after a traumatic experience. The South African Police Service (SAPS) is one such organisation, where employees run a particularly high risk of being exposed to traumatic experiences while performing their tasks. In order to help employees of the SAPS to debrief their trauma, trauma counsellors are necessary. Within the SAPS, trauma counsellors are trained in an adapted version of Mitchell’s Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) model, with the underlying focus to establish a sense of safety for the police official. The trauma counsellors in the SAPS are trained by means of an experiential learning experience, where journaling is utilised to capture personal experiences during the training.
The objective of the study was therefore to explore the experience of counsellors during a trauma counselling training programme. A qualitative research design was utilised following a phenomenology approach. The social constructivism paradigm was also utilised in this research study. Trauma counsellors (N=12) in the SAPS were used as case study for this research, where a purposive homogeneous non-probability sampling technique was implemented. The journal entries made by the participants during the nine day training programme were used as a data collection method.
Four categories were extracted from the data, namely, thoughts regarding trauma counsellor’s experiences, emotion experiences of counsellors, the impact of daily experiences on counsellors and the participants’ view on how their competence of efficiency would change in the future. The results showed that the training programme was an effective strategy to train the counsellors. The counsellors showed increased self-awareness and self-insight after the training. The participants gained insight and understanding of how police officials experience trauma. The findings showed that the participants felt empowered and more confident to assist police officials with their trauma recovery. In relation to their training, counsellors made recommendations for the future training of trauma counsellors within the SAPS.
Finally, recommendations were made for future research as well as the implications of the study for the industrial psychology practise. / MCom (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Personality and mental health in a cohort of black African teachers : the SABPA study / Meindert Adrianus KorverKorver, Meindert Adrianus January 2013 (has links)
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and mental health within a cohort of black African teachers. A review of literature revealed that teachers frequently experience mental- and general health problems (e.g. Ngidi & Sibaya, 2002; Olivier & Venter, 2003; Johnson, Cooper, Cartwright, Donald, Taylor & Millet, 2005; Parker, Martin, Colmar, & Liem, 2012). However, very little could be found on personality traits and how this relates to the health and well-being of teachers, especially in the challenging South African context.
This study forms part of the SABPA (Sympathetic Activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans) project conducted within AUTHeR (Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research). The overarching purpose of this multidisciplinary project was to investigate the markers of bio-psycho-social health in urbanized teachers. This longitudinal project ran from January 2008 to November 2012 and involved a total of 409 Black and White secondary school teachers. The research was conducted in the North West province of South-Africa. This study focused on the 200 urbanized Black teachers who were recruited by means of convenience sampling from the Dr. Kenneth Kaunda educational district in the Potchefstroom area in the North West province during 2008. The sample included 101 men and 99 women, ranging between the ages of 25 and 60 years.
Ethical permission for the SABPA and FORT3 projects was obtained from the ethics committee of the North-West University (ethical clearance numbers NWU-00036-07-S6 and NWU-00002-07-A2 respectively). Participants filled out informed consent forms prior to data collection, and after the objectives of the study and the research procedures were explained to them, all their questions were answered.
Data collection for the baseline phase of the project lasted for 50 days during February to May 2008. Four participants arrived at the North-West University (NWU) Metabolic Unit on the Potchefstroom campus after work each day. After being welcomed and oriented, a battery of psychometric tests was administered in English. A secondary analysis was performed on data obtained by means of the Basic Traits Inventory-Short, Mental Health Continuum-Short Form and the General Health Questionnaire-28 in order to determine the relationship between personality functioning and mental health of the participants.
Results showed that this cohort of teachers from the North West province experience distress in the workplace, but that they also experience surprisingly high levels of mental health. The findings suggest that there are few differences between the male and female subgroups in this regard. The study also found that there is indeed a relationship between personality traits and the general- and mental health of participants. Neuroticism showed a significant positive correlation with psychological distress, while Conscientiousness showed a significant negative correlation. All five personality traits showed significant correlations with the mental health of educators. Neuroticism correlated negatively with mental health, while Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness correlated positively with mental health. Furthermore, certain personality traits (i.e. Neuroticism and Extraversion) were shown to be significant predictors of teachers’ levels of general and mental health. The strong association found between this cohort of teachers’ personality functioning and their general and mental health contributes toward an understanding of the processes that underlie the distress and mental health of teachers, and could play an important role in future attempts toward health promotion. / MSc (Clinical Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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