Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-10-11T18:06:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Joelma da Costa Silveira Pires.pdf: 1736158 bytes, checksum: f0e403edf54f85895a50227b41e6b09d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T18:06:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joelma da Costa Silveira Pires.pdf: 1736158 bytes, checksum: f0e403edf54f85895a50227b41e6b09d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Sustainable development is the challenge of providing for the needs of the present without compromising future generations. Create tools that help this objective and that allows practices of the measurement within organizations is crucial to support the sustainability, the decision-making, the business management and also to achieving significant improvements to society, economy and environment. In this sense it is necessary to adapt sustainability indicators for visibility of information, to propose goals and specifics actions to optimize the operation and improvement of processes. Thus, this study has the general objective to develop a conceptual framework for the implementation of a set of sustainable indicators to a biotechnology business unit. The research was qualitative, case study type, and developed in a multinational company in the segment of life sciences, with a branch in Brazil. The company studied provides life science products and the main activity in Brazil is the sale of products and services. It was a document research, with participant observation and interviews with the company's leadership in order to identify the set of indicators corroborating corporate sustainability. It was found that although the company values sustainable initiatives, business management is done through performance indicators (KPI) and that most managers are unaware of the use of sustainability indicators as a corporate management tool. / O desenvolvimento sustentável tem o desafio de prover as necessidades do presente sem comprometer as futuras gerações. Criar instrumentos que auxiliem a sedimentação deste objetivo e permitam monitorar práticas dentro de organizações é fundamental para apoiar o gerenciamento e a tomada de decisão em busca da sustentabilidade, alcançando melhorias significativas para a sociedade, economia e ambiente. Neste sentido faz-se necessário a adaptação de indicadores de sustentabilidade para que haja visibilidade das informações, proposição de metas e de ações pontuais para a otimização da operação e o aperfeiçoamento dos processos. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer o conjunto de indicadores de sustentabilidade utilizados em unidades empresariais, contrapondo as iniciativas da matriz e filial. A pesquisa realizada foi de caráter qualitativo, do tipo Estudo de Caso, e desenvolvida em uma empresa multinacional do segmento de ciências da vida, com filial no Brasil. A empresa estudada comercializa produtos de ciências da vida e a sua principal atividade no Brasil é a venda de produtos e serviços. Foi realizada pesquisa documental, observação participante e entrevista com a liderança da empresa com intuito de identificar o conjunto de indicadores que corroborem com a sustentabilidade corporativa. Foi constatado que, embora a empresa valorize iniciativas sustentáveis, a gestão do negócio é feita por meio de indicadores de desempenho (KPI) e que a maior parte dos gestores desconhecem o uso de indicadores de sustentabilidade como ferramenta de gestão corporativa.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:54:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dirceu.pdf: 3793074 bytes, checksum: 9c3090a579e878ffa690680afa5a8b92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental perception of family farmers about the sustainability of family farming in the locality of Lagos do Paru e do Calado, Manacapuru, Amazonas State, Brazil. The approach adopted in the research was systemic and multi-disciplinary approach to the construction of knowledge. The method employed was the case study, combining various techniques: field diary, simple observation, semi-structured interviews and meeting with focus groups of adults. Data analysis showed that the family farmers of the locality have in your production system different characteristics in the use of natural resources such as access to different units of landscapes (forest, terra firme , restinga , lakes e river) and system components (extractivism animal and vegetal, fallow, roça , cultivation, home garden e creation). It can be observed from the perception of farmers about the environment, conservation strategies developed, categorized as: forest conservation (36,7%); lakes/river (36,7%); gallery forest (14,3%) e araçazal (12,2%). In addition, were identified the following factors that negatively impact the landscape: external pressure (37,8%), population growth (27 %), farm/cattle (18,9%) e pottery (16,2%), these factors compromise to environmental conservation in the locality. From the observed data were constructed sustainability indicators: i) social organization, ii) myths and symbols, iii) access to the diversity of landscape units for agricultural crops and extraction, iv) pluriactivity and v) adaptability for understanding the relationships (social, economic) between these family farmers and the environment. Thus, it was found that the family farmers perceive that the modification process promotes change in the landscape conservation strategies, compromising the sustainability of agricultural production units. / O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção ambiental dos agricultores familiares sobre a sustentabilidade da produção agrícola familiar na localidade dos Lagos do Paru e do Calado, Manacapuru, estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Foi adotada na pesquisa a abordagem sistêmica que propõe uma abordagem multidisciplinar e multirreferencial para a construção do conhecimento. O método empregado foi o estudo de caso, combinando várias técnicas: diário de campo, observação simples, entrevistas semi-estruturadas focalizadas e reunião com grupo focal de adultos. A análise dos dados evidenciou que os agricultores familiares da localidade têm em seu sistema de produção características diversificadas na utilização dos recursos naturais, tais como acesso a diferentes unidades de paisagens (mata, terra firme, restinga, lago e rio) e componentes do sistema produtivo (extrativismo animal e vegetal, capoeira, roça, cultivo, sítio e criação). Pode-se observar, a partir da percepção dos agricultores sobre o ambiente, que desenvolveram estratégias de conservação, categorizadas como: conservação da mata (36,7%); lagos/rio (36,7%); mata ciliar (14,3%) e araçazal (12,2%). Além disso, foram identificados os fatores que impactam negativamente a paisagem: pressão externa (37,8%), aumento da população (27 %), fazenda/gado (18,9%) e olaria (16,2%), esses fatores comprometem a conservação ambiental na localidade. A partir dos dados levantados foram construídos os indicadores de sustentabilidade: i) organização social, ii) mitos e símbolos, iii) acesso a diversidade das unidades de paisagem para os cultivos agrícolas e para o extrativismo, iv) pluriatividade e v) adaptabilidade para entender as relações (sociais, econômicas) entre esses agricultores familiares e o ambiente. Assim, ficou constatado que os agricultores familiares percebem que o processo de modificação da paisagem promove alteração nas estratégias de conservação ambiental, comprometendo a sustentabilidade das unidades de produção agrícola

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:44:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcio_Giovani_Loesch.pdf: 1838474 bytes, checksum: a690cf05b6f43d77147d62270ac3abf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Family farming is the most Brazilian farmers , who are responsible for producing much of the food that supply Brazil, such as beans , rice, corn, vegetables , cassava, meat and dairy . This paper aims to develop from a relevant diagnostic information about the family farming model adopted in Laranjal - PR, and through indicators evaluating the same, aiming thereby promoting sustainable rural development. As a research tool applied in the form of interviews, we used the questionnaire Ministry of Agrarian Development - MDA, called: Diagnostic Unit Family Production, considering only some data relevant to the study. In this context, we seek to establish some sustainability indicators to evaluate the production system of the study area. Through the construction of an array of descriptors, developed a set of sustainability indicators considering the following dimensions: economic, social and environmental. Data analysis provided information about the family of the county farmers, farms, agricultural techniques and practices used in the properties, besides allowing a close-up view of the forms of marketing the products produced. From certain indicators we can observe some features common to most production units. The diagnosis proves, among other information, the difficulties for mechanization, the risk of soil erosion, lack of organization, limited financial resources, low levels of productivity, and the simple way of life. In general, it is concluded that family agriculture developed in the way that is becomes untenable / A agricultura familiar representa a maioria dos produtores rurais brasileiros, sendo estes os responsáveis pela produção de grande parte dos alimentos que abastecem a população do Brasil, fornecendo produtos como feijão, arroz, milho, hortaliças, mandioca, carnes e lácteos. O presente trabalho objetiva formular, a partir de um diagnóstico, informações relevantes a respeito do modelo de agricultura familiar adotado no município de Laranjal ─ PR e, por meio de indicadores, avaliar esse modelo, almejando assim promover o Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável. Como instrumento de pesquisa, aplicado na forma de entrevistas, utilizou-se o questionário do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário ─ MDA denominado: Diagnóstico da Unidade de Produção Familiar, considerando apenas alguns dados relevantes ao estudo. Nesse âmbito busca-se estabelecer alguns indicadores de sustentabilidade para avaliar o sistema produtivo da região em estudo. Por meio da construção de uma matriz de descritores, elaborou-se um conjunto de indicadores de sustentabilidade considerando as seguintes dimensões: econômica, social e ambiental. A análise dos dados forneceu informações acerca dos agricultores familiares do município, das propriedades rurais, das técnicas e das práticas agropecuárias utilizadas nas propriedades, além de permitir uma visualização aproximada das formas de comercialização dos produtos produzidos. A partir de determinados indicadores, foi possível observar algumas características comuns à maioria das unidades de produção. O diagnóstico comprova, entre outras informações, dificuldades para a mecanização, riscos de erosão dos solos, falta de organização, recursos financeiros escassos, baixos índices de produtividade, o modo simples de vida. De um modo geral, conclui-se que a agricultura familiar desenvolvida, da forma que se encontra, torna-se insustentável

Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar o cenário socioambiental de uma instituição federal de ensino superior, com vistas a subsidiar o desenvolvimento da cultura de sustentabilidade de sua comunidade interna. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento de dados para identificar o desempenho socioambiental da instituição, com base nos cinco principais eixos temáticos da Agenda Ambiental da Administração Pública (A3P), quais sejam: gestão de resíduos, licitação sustentável, qualidade de vida no ambiente de trabalho, sensibilização e capacitação dos servidores e uso racional dos recursos. Complementarmente, por meio de um questionário estruturado, foi realizada pesquisa amostral para avaliar a percepção ambiental da comunidade interna da universidade, com participação de 387 sujeitos, dentre alunos, professores e técnico-administrativos. Assim, o estudo foi classificado como uma pesquisa científica de natureza aplicada, descritiva e com abordagem quantitativa, abarcando procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os dados coletados foram tratados por análise descritiva, construção de indicadores e análise de variância com teste de comparação múltipla, que possibilitaram desenvolver uma discussão sobre o cenário e traçar perspectivas de atuação de uma agenda ambiental na Instituição. Como resultado, constatou-se um cenário de grande potencialidade para atuação sustentável, entretanto caracterizado pela fragmentação de esforços e iniciativas que levam os atores envolvidos a atuarem de maneira isolada. A comunidade interna apresentou tendências de boa percepção ambiental, porém com dicotomia entre crenças e práticas, reforçada por ruídos de comunicação interna, que formam barreiras e dificultam às pessoas perceberem os benefícios resultantes de ações socioambientais. Por fim, as constatações permitiram aferir que a implementação de uma agenda ambiental na Instituição, construída sob os princípios da transparência e participação coletiva, firma-se como fator determinante para integração do potencial já existente e promissor para o desenvolvimento da cultura de sustentabilidade, pressupondo avanços na perspectiva da inovação, a partir do processo de aprendizagem oportunizado pela agenda. / This study aims to characterize the socio-environmental scenario of a federal institution of higher education, with a view to subsidizing the development of culture of sustainability of their internal Community. To this end, we conducted a survey of data to identify the social and environmental performance of the institution, on the basis of five main thematic axes of the Environmental Agenda of public administration (A3P), namely: waste management, sustainable procurement, quality of life in the workplace, sensitizing and training of servers and rational use of resources. In addition, by means of a structured questionnaire, sampling survey was carried out to evaluate the environmental perception of internal University community, featuring 387 subjects, among students, teachers and administrative-technical. Thus, the study was classified as a scientific research applied in nature, descriptive and quantitative approach, covering procedures for bibliographical research, documentary and field. The collected data were treated for descriptive analysis, construction of indicators and analysis of variance with multiple comparison test, which made it possible to develop a discussion about the scenario and trace performance prospects of an environmental agenda in the institution. As a result, there was a scene of great potentiality for sustainable performance, however characterized by fragmentation of efforts and initiatives that lead actors involved the work of isolated way. The internal Community presented trends of good environmental perception, however with dichotomy between beliefs and practices, reinforced by internal communication noises, which form barriers and make people realize the benefits of social-environmental actions. Finally, the findings have permitted assessing the implementation of an environmental agenda in the institution, built under the principles of transparency and collective participation, steady as a determining factor for integrating existing and promising potential for the development of the culture of sustainability, assuming advances in innovation perspective, from the learning process provided by the agenda.

Orientador: Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira Bergamasco / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T16:15:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roboredo_Delmonte_D.pdf: 11429360 bytes, checksum: 3b77971a7c156b92bac49d6a26766868 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O governo brasileiro apoiou irrestritamente a ocupação da Amazônia Legal com créditos altamente subsidiados para substituir a floresta por atividades agropastoris com a justificativa de que precisava ocupar aquela região para soberania nacional. Deste modo, o governo federal investiu fortemente na região, sem nenhuma preocupação ambiental, sendo o município de Alta Floresta, no Extremo norte do Estado de Mato Grosso, produto deste projeto governamental. Esta visão antropocêntrica gerou enormes externalidades negativas aos diferentes agroecossistemas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de degradação socioambiental da Microbacia Hidrográfica Mariana (MBM) localizada em Alta Floresta/MT, utilizando dados secundários (relatórios de pesquisas, artigos, teses, entre outros) e primários (entrevistas com lideranças políticas, agricultores, etc.), norteado por um aparato teórico-metodológico. Foram realizadas amostragens de solos para avaliação dos atributos físicos e químicos com dados coletados na área de preservação permanente (APP) e do entorno (ENT), entrevistas semi-estruturadas, história oral e adoção do marco MESMIS (Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales) para construção de indicadores de sustentabilidade socioambiental dentro do enfoque sistêmico, envolvendo diferentes atores sociais (agricultores e urbanos). Empregou-se quatro técnicas da estatística multivariada (Análise Fatorial por Correspondências Múltiplas, Análise de Componentes Principais Não Lineares, Análise de Variância multivariada e Classificação Hierárquica Ascendente) que identificou dois sistemas de manejos da MBM com os quais foram construídos indicadores para comparar a sustentabilidade entre eles. Pelos resultados obtidos, detectou-se que os solos da MBM estão degradados posto que: 74,5% das áreas dos estabelecimentos (APP e ENT) apresentaram macroporosidade menor que 10%; 78% dos solos da APP na camada de 0 - 0,20 m apresentaram densidade superior a 1,5 Mg m-3; 64,8% das áreas estudadas estão com a resistência mecânica do solo à penetração variando entre 2,5 e 5 MPa; a saturação por bases identificou que a maior parte dos solos necessita corrigir a acidez devido aos resultados médios que acusarem 46% (APP) e 44% (ENT) deste indicador; e 29,4% dos agroecossistemas apresentou teor de matéria orgânica menor ou igual a 20 g dm-3. O marco MESMIS identificou que aquele espaço rural encontra-se muito longe do ideal de sustentabilidade tendo em vista o baixo índice agregado obtido no cluster 1 (35%) e no cluster 2 (35,2%), corroborado pela visão dos atores sociais urbanos que atingiu 40,2%, gerando o índice geral médio de 36,8%, indicando que a MBM encontra-se na condição "não sustentável ou crítica". Conclui-se que a recuperação socioambiental daquele território requer adoção imediata de políticas públicas, construídas com os agricultores, através da implementação de um projeto de microbacia hidrográfica para recuperação e a conservação dos solos, bem como a aplicabilidade do serviço de extensão rural, dentro de uma visão agroecológica, para que juntos com os agricultores, como protagonistas, sejam construídos caminhos na busca do desenvolvimento rural sustentável / Abstract: The brazilian government unreservedly supported the occupation of the Amazon with highly subsidized credits to replace the forest for agropastoral activities with the justification that needed to occupy that region to national sovereignty. Thus, the federal government has invested heavily in the region, without any environmental concern, and the country of Alta Floresta in the Far North of the Mato Grosso State, product of this government project. This anthropocentric view generated huge negative externalities to different agroecosystems. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of environmental degradation Watershed Mariana located in Alta Floresta/MT, using secondary data (research reports, articles, theses, etc.) and primary (interviews with political leaders, farmers, etc.), guided by a theoretical - methodological apparatus. Soil samples for evaluation of physical and chemical attributes with data collected in the area of permanent preservation (APP) and the environment (ENT), semi-structured interviews, oral history and adoption of landmark Evaluation of Natural Resource Management Systems (MESMIS, its Spanish acronym) for construction of indicators of environmental sustainability within the systemic approach, involving different social actors (farmers and urban). We applied four techniques of multivariate statistics were (Factor Analysis for Multiple Correspondence, Principal Components Analysis Nonlinear, Multivariate Analysis of Variance and Ascendant Hierarchical Classification) which identified two management systems of MBM with which indicators were constructed to compare the sustainability of them. From the results obtained, it was found that the soils wathersed Mariana are degraded in which: 74.5% of the areas of establishments (APP and ENT) macroporosity showed less than 10%, 78% of soils in the APP in the 0-0,20 m showed a density higher of 1.5 Mg m-3, 64.8% of the studied areas are with the soil resistance to penetration ranging from 2.5 to 5 MPa, the base saturation identified that most soils need to correct acidity due to average results that accuse 46% (APP) and 44% (ENT) of this indicator, and 29.4% of agroecosystems showed content of organic matter lower or equal to 20 g dm-3. The methodology MESMIS identified that rural areas that lies far from the ideal of sustainability in view of the low aggregate index obtained in cluster 1 (35%) and cluster 2 (35.2%), supported by the vision of urban social actors which reached 40.2%, generating the overall average rate of 36.8%, indicating that the watersed Mariana is in "not sustainable or critical" condition. It is concluded that the environmental recovery of that territory requires immediate adoption of public policies, built with farmers through the implementation of a project for watershed rehabilitation and soil conservation as well as the applicability of the agricultural extension service, within a agroecological vision, so that together with the farmers, as protagonists, paths are constructed in the pursuit of sustainable rural development / Doutorado / Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável / Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

Stakeholder demands on transparency and ethical behaviour have quickly increased and today the majority of large Swedish companies publish some form of sustainability report. The construction- and real estate sector has large environmental impacts, but despite producing 40% of Sweden‟s energy use, material and waste sustainability reporting is not well established in the sector. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is the most widely used framework for sustainability reporting. GRI includes demands for stakeholder inclusiveness and stakeholder‟s reasonable expectations have to be taken into account in reporting. Studies of sustainability reports however reveal that companies often fail to address major impacts on sustainability in their sustainability reports. This thesis aims to evaluate stakeholder‟s role in reporting of sustainability as well as the potential role of the report for stakeholders by identifying their perception and expectations on Riksbyggens upcoming sustainability report. The theoretical framework consists of stakeholder theory focusing on Freeman and the descriptive school, sustainability reporting focusing on GRI and indicators focusing on sustainability indicators. A case study was conducted at Riksbyggen, a Swedish building, property management and residential services company. 93 surveys were collected, providing a combination of qualitative and quantitative data. Results show that stakeholders play an important role in reporting of actual sustainability as demands reaches beyond GRI requirements, evaluated reports and company boundaries. The study however revealed a clear distinction between stakeholder groups‟ demands for information. Handling the diverging demands is in this case the most central challenge in the creation of an apt sustainability report.

Orientador: Osmar de Carvalho Bueno / Resumo: No Brasil, as discussões com enfoque no tema da sustentabilidade têm ganhado notoriedade, principalmente após a ascensão do modelo agrícola convencional, o que fez surgir inúmeros questionamentos sobre a exequibilidade desse modelo em um maior espaço de tempo. A utilização de indicadores pode ser uma ferramenta essencial na avaliação e mensuração da sustentabilidade. A definição de indicadores confiáveis e quantificáveis representa um instrumento fundamental e estratégico para avaliação do desempenho de agroecossistemas por exemplo, com a finalidade de melhorar os níveis de sustentabilidade. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo geral identificar o índice de sustentabilidade de sistema de produção de agricultores ligados a Associação de produtores rurais do Bairro Chaparral, Município de Botucatu, através da caracterização sociocultural. Na sequência recomendam uma análise de indicadores, econômicos, técnico agronômicos, manejo, ecológico e político – institucional. A metodologia utilizada se deu com base no modelo proposto por Oliveira (2007) e Santos (2013), os quais propuseram analisar a sustentabilidade em um agroecossistema com base em cinco indicadores; econômico, técnico agronômico, manejo, ecológico e político institucional, obtendo ao final o índice de sustentabilidade de um determinado agrossistema. O estudo foi conduzido sob a forma de um estudo de caso, sendo caracterizado com exploratório e descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, com q... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In Brazil, discussions focusing on the theme of sustainability have gained notoriety, especially after the rise of the conventional agricultural model, which has raised numerous questions about the feasibility of this model over a longer period of time. The use of indicators can be an essential tool in sustainability assessment and measurement. The definition of reliable and quantifiable indicators represents a fundamental and strategic instrument for evaluating the performance of agroecosystems, for example, with the aim of improving sustainability levels. Thus, this study aims to identify the sustainability index of rural producers in Chaparral Neighborhood, Botucatu Municipality, through the socio-cultural characterization. Next, they propose an analysis of economic, technical, agronomic, management, ecological and political - institutional indicators. The methodology used is based on the model proposed by Oliveira (2007) and Santos (2013), which propose to analyze sustainability in an agroecosystem based on five indicators; economic, agricultural technician, management, ecological and institutional policy, obtaining at the end the sustainability index of a given agrosystem. The study is conducted as a case study, being characterized as exploratory and descriptive. The data were collected through interviews with semi-structured questionnaires, conducted with the group of family farmers from Bairro Chaparral, in person from June to August 2019. The results showed that the C... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Current global demands for energy resources along with continuous global population growth have placed natural environments and societies under great stress to fulfill such a need without disrupting economic and social structures. Policy and decision-making processes hold some of the most important keys to allow safe paths for societies towards energy security and safeguard of the environment. Brazil has played a lead role within renewable energy production and use during the last decades, becoming one of the world’s leading producer of sugarcane based ethanol and adapting policies to support renewable energy generation and use. Although it is true that Brazil has historic experience with managing development of renewables and its further integration into the consumer market, there is still a lot to do to impulse new technologies that could further reduce emissions, increase economic stability and social welfare. Throughout this thesis project a sustainability assessment of hydrogen production technologies in Brazil is conducted through Multi-Criteria Analysis. After defining an initial framework for decision-making, options for hydrogen production were reviewed and selected. Options were evaluated and weighted against selected sustainability indicators that fitted the established framework within a weighting matrix. An overall score was obtained after the assessment, which ranked hydrogen production techniques based on renewable energy sources in first place. Final scoring of options was analyzed and concluded that several approaches could be taken in interpreting results and their further integration into policy making. Concluding that selection of the right approach is dependent on the time scale targeted for implementation amongst other multi-disciplinary factors, the use of MCA as an evaluation tool along with overarching sustainability indicators can aid in narrowing uncertainties and providing a clear understanding of the variables surrounding the problem at hand.

Sustainability is one of the main concerns for businesses in order to being competitive in the market. Sustainability is one the most important and popular fields for the companies due to customer expectations and profitability. Therefore, there is a need to comprehend sustainability in production systems in order to encounter drivers, transform production systems with smart tools, and evaluate the measurements in production systems. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how to achieve sustainability goals for start-up companies and how these companies can incorporate sustainability in order to improve their production systems. Literature study was performed to build a theoretical foundation for this thesis, therefore allowing the opportunity to answer the research questions of this thesis. The literature study was covered to identified aspects, including drivers of sustainable production systems, sustainability indicators, and technological developments in the production systems. To answer the research questions a single case study was carried out. The company was a start-up company in the food and beverage industry. Data was collected through questionnaires, document review, interviews, and observations. An investigation regarding sustainability goals and measurement indicators are critical when implementing sustainability practices in the production systems. The outcome from these investigations set a knowledge for improving production systems to better meet sustainability goals. To measure sustainability indicators, there is a need to correct data collection and understand how to use the equations. The measurement indicators identified in production systems having a direction to measure environmental aspects in the production systems. The technological improvements have an impact on the motivation regarding sustainability indicators in order to decrease energy consumption, waste and water management, emissions, and production efficiency, as well as decreasing the cost. This thesis provides a knowledge for the start-up company in order to implement sustainability aspects in the production systems to better meet sustainability goals. Additionally, highlights areas of drivers factor and measurement indicators for integration of sustainability in the production systems.

Lack of energy access in developing countries remains a major barrier in the economic development of rural communities. Worldwide, about 1.3 billion people lack access to modern energy services, and there is a need to pursue ways other than grid extension due to the remoteness of most of these communities from national grids. Following the Sustainable Energy For All (SE4ALL) initiative of the United Nations, the role of decentralised solar generation systems has been acknowledged to meet rural energy objectives. The initiative has also resulted in growing participation of private sectors in the rural energy field for boosting project execution and delivery.   To evaluate the success of private entrepreneurs operating rural energy projects, the research has proposed a decision support sustainability assessment framework for evaluating performance of operational decentralized rural solar energy projects. A rural electrification project is said to be performing sustainably when it reliably ensures access to its services for productive uses, while engaging and gaining acceptance of the community and which operates within socio-ethical norms maintaining its financial gains as well as maintaining the local environment. Based on this definition and the multi-criteria Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), 15 energy indicators have been proposed to evaluate sustainability performance of existing projects.  These indicators are spread over the standard three pillar approach – capturing economic, social, environmental dimensions, along with the contribution of a fourth ethical dimension of sustainability. Multiple stakeholder groups including 16 project planners, evaluators, advisors and investors have been consulted in applying the multi criteria Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Organisations consulted include University of Oslo, Aalto University, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Multiconsult AS, Micro-energy International, African Solar Designs (ASD), SunErgy AS, RVE.SOL, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), Foundation of Rural Energy Services (FRES), Alliance of Rural Electrification (ARE), and Fortum Corporation. The outcome from two rounds of consultation surveys have yielded highest priority to economic dimension (33,18%), followed by social (27,55%) and ethical (23,17%) dimensions, and lastly the environment (16,18) dimension. With these prioritisations, the framework has been used to evaluate the performance of  rural decentralised solar projects in Kenya and Malawi. Results of this framework yielded average performance of Kenya and Malawi in the economic dimension – in Kenya being driven by a competitive O&M cost and delivery of project services to businesses; and in Malawi through a low rate of payment defaults and ability to increase tariffs with inflation.  In assessing the Kenya case study, a higher score in the social dimension was attributed to the range of services on offer resulting in better involvement of the community in the project as compared to the Malawian case study. However, a limited number of services in Malawi have ensured a more transparent and accountable management structure resulting in a higher score in the ethical evaluation. For both projects, environmental performance has been average due to lack of solid policies for waste treatment, end-use recycling of batteries, and some recorded negative impacts on the local bio-diversity-  Outcomes of the framework suggest a applicability of the framework in addressing concerns of multiple stakeholder groups including project planners, evaluators, advisors and investors in understanding operational challenges of rural solar projects. Insights from the case studies point towards the strength of  solar electrification as a means rather than the ultimate goal of rural development, the necessity of economic and social sustainability synergies during project operation, and the importance of affordable energy pricing and payment methods. / Bristande tillgång energi i utvecklingsländerna fortfarande ett stort hinder för den ekonomiska utvecklingen av landsbygden. 1,3 miljarder människor saknar tillgång till moderna energitjänster, och det finns ett behov av att föra andra än grid förlängning sätt på grund av de stora avstånden för de flesta av dessa samhällen från nationella elnät. Efter hållbar energi för alla (SE4ALL) initiativ av UN, har betydelsen av decentraliserade sol generationens system erkänt att uppfylla målen på landsbygden energi. Initiativet har också resulterat i ökande deltagande privata sektorn på landsbygden energi fältet för att öka projektgenomförande och leverans. För att utvärdera framgången med privata entreprenörer som arbetar på landsbygden energiprojekt har forskning föreslagit en ramverk för att utvärdera prestanda för operativa decentraliserade landsbygden solenergiprojekt hållbarhetsbedömning beslutsstöd. En elektrifiering av landsbygden projekt sägs att utföra ett hållbart sätt när det på ett tillförlitligt sätt säkerställer tillgång till sina tjänster för produktiva ändamål, samtidigt bedriva och få acceptans i samhället och som arbetar inom socioetiska normer behålla sin ekonomiska vinster samt att upprätthålla den lokala miljön. Baserat på denna definition och flera kriterier Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), har 15 indikatorer energi föreslagits för att utvärdera hållbarhetsprestanda av befintliga projekt. Dessa indikatorer är spridda över tre pelare strategi standard - fånga ekonomiska, sociala, miljömässiga dimensioner, tillsammans med bidrag från en fjärde etisk dimension hållbarhet. grupper Flera intressenter inklusive 16 projektplanerare, utvärderare, rådgivare och investerare har hörts vid tillämpningen av flera kriterier Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Organisationer som rådfrågats inkluderar University of Oslo, Aalto-universitetet, Institutet för energiteknik (IFE), Multi-Consult AS, Micro-Energy International, African Solar Designs (ASD), Sunergy AS, RVE.SOL, Styrelsen för internationellt utvecklingssamarbete (Sida), Foundation of Rural Energy Services (FRES), Alliance of Rural Electrification (ARE), och Fortum Corporation. Utfallet från två omgångar av undersökningar samråds har gett högsta prioritet åt ekonomisk dimension (33,18%), följt av social (27,55%) och etisk (23,17%) dimensioner och slutligen miljön (16,18) dimensionera. Med dessa prioriteringar har ramverket använts för att utvärdera landsbygdens decentraliserade solenergiprojekt i Kenya och Malawi. Resultaten av denna ramverket gav genomsnittliga resultat i Kenya och Malawi i den ekonomiska dimensionen - i Kenya drivs av ett konkurrenskraftigt O & M kostnader och leverans av projekttjänster till företag; och i Malawi genom en låg betalnings och förmåga att höja tullarna med inflation. Vid bedömningen av Kenya fallstudie ades en högre poäng i den sociala dimensionen hänföras till utbudet av tjänster som erbjuds resulterar i bättre medverkan av samhället i projektet jämfört med den malawiska fallstudie. Emellertid har ett begränsat antal tjänster i Malawi säkerställt en mer öppen och ansvarsfull förvaltning struktur resulterar i en högre poäng i den etiska bedömningen. För båda projekten har miljöprestanda varit genomsnittliga grund av brist på fasta principer för avfallshantering, slutanvändning återvinning av batterier och några inspelade negativa effekter på de lokala bio-diversity- Resultat av ramverket föreslå en tillämpning av ramverket för att ta itu oro flera intressegrupper inklusive projektplanerare, utvärderare, rådgivare och investerare att förstå operativa utmaningar på landsbygden sol projekt. Insikter från fallstudierna pekar mot styrkan i solar elektrifiering som ett medel snarare än det yttersta målet för landsbygdsutveckling, behovet av synergier ekonomisk och social hållbarhet under projektets drift och vikten av överkomliga priser energi och betalningsmetoder.