Dans le cadre de la relation de soin, l'action soignante du prendre soin est souvent associée à la recherche de ce qui serait la juste distance professionnelle. Les problématiques habituelles de l'identification d'une limite objective opérant une séparation entre deux intériorités afin de garantir l'espace d'une intimité, relèvent d'une conception réductrice fondée sur une représentation où intériorité et extériorité s'excluent mutuellement. Le concept de tact relationnel, permet de sortir de cette impasse par le fait qu'il pose le problème sous l'angle d'un espace corporel qui se constitue dans une relation duale sans cesse réinventée dans un art du faire. Cette habileté tactilaire combinant un art pratique qui mobilise des savoirs et des manières d'être spécifiques, se fonde sur un sens esthétique (tactilairité) qui sait subtilement toucher les espaces de l'intériorité mouvante du soi. Elle parvient à appréhender l'aire de l'intime grâce à un art de l'appréciation de l'intouchable, par une plasticité des espaces symboliques du corps et par une activité de la pensée qui ne sauraient être dissociées. Ainsi le tact relationnel est moins en lien avec le toucher comme le suggère sa parenté étymologique et métaphorique avec le tact sensoriel, qu'avec la recherche habile et délicate d'une reconnaissance mutuelle au fondement des interactions intersubjectives dont le corps et sa gestuelle constituent le support le plus explicite. Le tact comporte ainsi des principes informels spécifiques qui ne peuvent se confondre avec les seules règles de la politesse / The concept of tact is usually associated with the idea of touching, which is the genuine etymology. However, relational tact concerns a very special aspect of touching, because it is a none physically touching act regarding a kind of attitude trying to preserve anyone from the humiliation of being taken as an object rather than as a subject. Healthcare relationships especially have to be examined thoroughly by the way of tact in order to understand the fundamental human need for respect hidden in tact. Different from politeness, tact is the specific art of respecting others without conventional and formalized rules. It needs a capacity of building an area in which the partnerships can find a mutual respect of each other. According to interactionism sociology tact is really a face work that needs an ability never really taught in medical studies. Thanks to interactionism we can emphasize the base of these relationship attitudes. They depend on the frame in which interactions take place. This area must be though together with other concepts because of the weakness of the former ones. So, tactilairity could translate the capacity of making an informal area in every meeting and especially in healthcare relationships. Tactilairian ability is one of the ways to efficiently succeed in pacified relationships

The mass-migration of refugees in the fall 2015 posed an immense humanitarian and logistical challenge: exhausted from their week-long journeys, refugees arrived in Vienna in need of care, shelter, food, medical aid, and onward transport. The refugee crisis was managed by an emerging polycentric and inter-sectoral collective of organizations. In this paper, we investigate how, during such a situation, leaders of these organizations made decisions in concert with each other and hence sustained the collective's capacity to act collectively. We ask: what was the logic of decision-making that orchestrated collective action during the crisis? In answering this question, we make the following contribution: departing from March's logics of consequences and appropriateness as well as Weick's work on sensemaking during crisis, we introduce an alternative logic that informed decision-making: the logic of tact. With this concept we (a) offer a better understanding of how managers make decisions under the condition of bounded rationality and the simultaneous transgression of their institutional identity in situations of crisis; and we (b) show that in decision-making under duress cognition is neither ahead of action, nor is action ahead of cognition; rather, tact explicates the rapid switching between cognition and action, orchestrating decision-making through this interplay.

Purpose – The purpose with this study is to investigate how an assembly line for products with long cycle time, high product variation and operators who follow the products through the flow can be planned for a high resource utilization as well as the challenges that can arise when planning an assembly line with an increasing demand and how these can be handled. Method – To fulfill the purpose of this study a case study was conducted at Mastec Components AB in Vaggeryd. The empirical data gathered from the case study was obtained through interviews, observations and document studies. The empirical data was then analysed against theory, which means that pattern matching was used and the analyse led to the studies results. Findings – This study illustrates how an assembly line with special demands can be planned to gain high resource utilization. When the products cycle times are multiple they can be sorted into product families to simplify the planning and it also enables a tacted planning method to be used. The study also presents how the usage of time buffers can facilitate the planning of an assembly line. Moreover the study illuminates the importance of controlling tact, both from the customer and the own production. When demand increases it is important that the production line is capable to keep up, therefore some arrangements can be done to reduce waste and increase capacity. Possible alternatives can be buffers, allocating resources and parallel assembly lines. Implications – The study investigates a type of assembly line where the operators follow the products through the flow. This type of assembly line is unexplored in theory and thereby a knowledge gap has been identified which partly have been covered by this study. Further on, the study contributed to an increased understanding of the consequences that occur when operators follow the flow and when products have long varying cycle times. The study also shows the value of calculating tact and use the advantages from it to easier handle variation in demand. Limitations – The case study was performed as one case study which means that only one unit has been analysed. This was due to the lack of resources to do several case studies, both regarding time and ability to find more facilities with similar conditions. If it were possible to conduct more case studies the results could have been more general. Keywords – Tact, tact time, tacted planning, assembly line, planning, operators, buffer.

La sensibilité est souvent assimilée à cette part de l’homme peu fréquentable, subversive, empêchant la maîtrise toute, dans une civilisation dominée par le contrôle, la rentabilité et les technosciences. La question de la sensibilité se limite souvent à une approche parcellaire de la culture des sens. C’est pourquoi nous avons approfondi notre réflexion d’un point de vue épistémologique pour en cerner davantage les enjeux pour la clinique et en déduire une réflexion enrichissante pour le champ éducatif, dont le résultat témoigne d’un entrelacs constant entre réflexion, pratique, analyse et recherche. Pour ce faire, notre méthodologie de recherche a pris appui sur une approche résolument psychanalytique, à partir du noeud borroméen de Jacques Lacan. Ainsi, nous poserons que l’Homme est fragile par sa dimension paradoxale : appelé à jouir par sa dimension incarnée, il se retrouve à être sexué et mortel, confronté ainsi à une finitude le marquant du sceau du « Pas Tout », et qu’il est riche potentiellement par ce que nous nommerons sa dimension ternaire ou Tridimensionnelle – soma (le corps) – psyché (l’âme) - pneuma (l’esprit) – afin de prendre en compte non seulement ses potentialités somatiques, psychiques mais aussi pneumatiques. Nous soulignerons que la sensibilité a été régulièrement pensée en termes de « dualité » et non dans une logique de « ternarité ». Puis nous proposerons une conceptualisation ternaire, borroméenne et paradoxale de la Sensibilité du Sujet, espérant apporter une certaine stabilité et consistance à ce concept, à partir d’une clinique psychanalytique, pour l’éducation d’un Sujet vivant en de-venir. / Sensibility often relates to that part of man that is disreputable, subversive, refraining man’s total self-control in a civilisation obsessed with control, profitability and technoscience. The topic of sensitivity often limits itself to the fragmented approach of the culture of senses. That is the reason why we have focused our attention upon the epistemological angle in order to further understand what is at stake for the clinic and draw a valuable reflection out of it for education, whose result reveals the constant interaction between thought, practice, analysis and research. To achieve this, our methodology of research is centred upon a highly psychoanalytic approach, based on Lacan’s Borromean knot. Thus, we postulate that Man is fragile through his paradoxical dimension: he finds himself a sexual and mortal being making the most of himself through his incarnate dimension and is faced with a finiteness that binds him to the “notall”. Furthermore, he has such a rich potential drawn upon the ternary or three-dimensional dimension–i.e. soma (the body), psyche (the soul), pneuma (the spirit)–that he has become aware of his somatic, psychic as well as pneumatic potentialities. We want to highlight the fact that Sensibility has been regularly thought in terms of “duality” rather than a logic of ternarity. We propose that the Subject’s Sensibility be based upon a ternary, Borromean and paradoxical conceptualisation with a view to bring some stability and consistence to this very concept through a psychoanalytical clinic for the education of a living Subject to be-come.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4682.pdf: 1553901 bytes, checksum: 924716b652063e3e75862aadd43a7ce9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / In some conditions, verbal relations of tact which involves nonverbal stimuli, such as pictures, exhibit characteristics and maintenance of learning different from textual relations, which are controlled by verbal products of verbal responses, such as printed words. These differences trigger practical interest in the teaching of reading when the stimuli that control such verbal operands belong to a single class, and are equivalent. It is assumed that in this proposal as the previous individual experience with each of relation, cannot be contacted directly but can be measured by their respective reinforcing value. The proposal presents a procedure to test this assumption, based on the establishment of stimulus classes involving equivalent relation with figure, printed and spoken words, tests of emergent relations of tact and textual and a procedure of choice in concurrent schedules chained. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the differences between the performances on tasks of tact response (oral response forward figure) and on tasks of textual behavior (oral response forward printed word) correlate with the preference of participants for such a task. In Experiment 1, six university students participated. In Experiment 2A and 2B finished the study four typically developing children without knowing reading repertoires. The general procedure began with the completion of two pre-tests, one requesting an oral responses to the stimuli and the second consisted of an evaluation preference for pictures versus printed words. After completion of the pre-tests, there was a matching procedure-tosample (MTS) for the establishment of equivalence relations. Stimuli were used: three spoken words (A), three figures (B) and three printed words (C). The set (A ') consisted of responses spoken by the participants, corresponding to the words dictated. During the MTS, were taught AB and AC relations, and were tested the emergence of relations BC, CB, BA '(tact) and CA' (textual). In Experiments 1 and 2A were used abstract figures and printed and spoken pseudo-words. In Experiment 2B were used familiar pictures of cow, duck and bell and their corresponding printed and spoken names. After established of equivalence classes, was carried out a procedure of choice in a concurrent schedule of reinforcement with chaining to evaluate preference for tasks. In this evaluation were presented two identical red buttons (Experiments 1 and 2A), or two buttons with icons of pictures and printed words (Experiment 2B) followed by the statement "which one you want?". Once the participant touched a button, a task of tact or a textual was presented. Touches on the right button were followed by the presentation of textual tasks (CA ') and touches on the left button were followed by tact tasks (BA'). If the participant showed preference for task, the position of the buttons was reversed. The results showed no correlation between the performance of tact and textual and preference for tasks. Moreover, the preference for tasks found, by some participants, showed that the establishment of equivalence relations may does not equal the reinforcing value of the tasks of these relations. / Em algumas condições, relações verbais de tato, que envolvem estímulos não verbais tais como objetos apresentam características de aprendizagem e manutenção diferente das relações textuais, que são controladas por estímulos verbais produtos de respostas verbais, tais como palavras impressas. Essas diferenças despertam interesse prático em relação ao ensino da leitura na medida em que os estímulos que controlam tais operantes verbais pertencem a uma única classe, ou seja, são equivalentes. Supõe-se na presente proposta que a experiência individual anterior com cada uma das relações, impossível de ser acessada diretamente, pode ser medida através de seu respectivo valor reforçador. A proposta apresenta um procedimento para testar tal suposição, baseado no estabelecimento de classes de estímulos equivalentes envolvendo figura, palavras faladas e impressas, testes de relações emergentes de tato e textual e um procedimento de escolha em esquemas concorrentes encadeados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se as diferenças entre os desempenhos em tarefas de tato e em tarefas de comportamento textual se correlacionam com a preferência dos participantes por uma dessas tarefas. No Experimento 1 participaram 6 alunos universitários e no Experimento 2A e 2B participaram quatro crianças com desenvolvimento típico, sem repertórios de leitura conhecidos. O procedimento geral iniciou com a realização de dois pré-testes, um que solicitava respostas orais para os estímulos e o segundo que se constituiu de uma avaliação de preferência por figuras versus palavras impressas. Em seguida, foi realizado um procedimento de matching-to-sample (MTS) para o estabelecimento das relações de equivalência. Os estímulos usados foram: três palavras ditadas (A), três figuras (B) e três palavras impressas (C). O conjunto (A`) constituiu-se de respostas faladas pelos participantes, correspondentes as palavras ditadas. Durante o MTS foram ensinadas as relações AB e AC e se testou a emergência das relações BC, CB, BA (tato) e CA (textual). Nos Experimentos 1 e 2A foram utilizadas figuras abstratas e pseudo-palavras impressas e faladas. No Experimento 2B foram utilizadas figuras familiares de vaca, pato e sino e seus nomes impressos e falados correspondentes. Depois de estabelecidas as classes de equivalência foi introduzido um procedimento de escolha com esquemas de reforçamento concorrentes encadeados para avaliação de preferência por tarefas. Nessa avaliação eram apresentados dois botões idênticos vermelhos (Experimentos 1 e 2A), ou dois botões com ícones de figuras e palavras impressas (Experimento 2B) seguido da instrução qual você quer? . Assim que o participante tocasse um dos botões, uma tarefa de tato (BA`) ou textual (CA`) era apresentada. Toques no botão da direita eram seguidos da apresentação de tarefas de textual (CA ) e toques no botão da esquerda eram seguidos de tarefas de tato (BA ). Caso o participante demonstrasse preferência por tarefa, a posição dos botões era invertida. Os resultados encontrados não demonstraram correlação entre o desempenho de tato e textual e a preferência por tarefas. Além disso, a preferência por tarefas encontrada, por parte de alguns participantes, mostrou que o estabelecimento de relações de equivalência pode não igualar o valor reforçador das tarefas dessas relações.

Orientador: Anna Paula Silva Gouveia / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T16:12:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gouvea_TerezinhaAugusta_M.pdf: 4765112 bytes, checksum: dbcf9ddf6f73acc99fffbc2c533e94f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A pesquisa apresenta os percursos de um fazer artístico e explora um saber de qualidade subjetiva e as reflexões a partir desta prática. A produção artística é composta por litografias e frottages corporais; são impressões pessoais sobre um território frágil: o corpo, o território humano. O corpo e a pele são referências reais, na litografia: meu corpo entintado pressionado sobre a pedra litográfica imprime as marcas físicas e a textura da pele, e nas frottages corporais, o corpo é decalcado na superfície plana do papel. São experiências intransferíveis para construir as imagens, com a presença física do referente, em que a escala real do corpo é preservada nos dois procedimentos. A prática artística referenciou as reflexões e as relações com determinados artistas, que ocorrem pela afinidade dos procedimentos em adotar a impressão de uma presença real e com a fotografia, por trabalhar com esta incidência em seu momento constitutivo. A pele é o limite do meu território com o outro e com o mundo, abriga e delineia a individualidade. O tato é um sentido de proximidade, pois, é da necessidade de aproximação com o outro que afirmamos nossa própria existência, porque o tato nos permite perceber que a vida tem profundidade e contorno, torna tridimensional nosso sentido do mundo e de nós mesmos. O contorno deste território frágil, a pele, é nossa fronteira, que nos protege e nos expõe / Abstract: The research presents the ways of artistic making and explores a subjective kind of knowing and the corresponding reflections arising from this practice. The artistic production is composed of lithographies and body frottages, which are personal impressions about a fragile territory: the body, the human territory. In lithography, the body and the skin are real references, that is, my inked body, pressed against a lithographic stone, imprints the physical marks and texture of the skin, whereas in body frottages, the body is traced onto a flat paper surface. These experiences are unique, allowing the creation of body images, with the physical presence of the referent, so as to preserve the real scale of the body in both procedures. The artistic practice has provided a reference for the reflections and the relations with certain artists, which occur through the affinity of the procedures in adopting the impression of a real presence and with photography, as it works with this incidence at the moment of the creation. The skin is the edge of my territory with the next person and with the world, sheltering and delineating one¿s individuality. The sense of touch is about proximity because we affirm our own existence out of the need to become closer to one another, that is, the sense of touch allows us to understand that life has depth and boundaries, making our sense of the world and our sense of ourselves tridimensional. The boundary of this fragile territory, the skin, is our frontier, which protects us and exposes us / Mestrado / Artes / Mestra em Artes

À l’ère de la spécialisation, des sciences sociales et de l’autonomisation de la littérature, la langue du polémiste s’attaque à « l’universel reportage » (Mallarmé). Les Cahiers de la quinzaine de Charles Péguy (1900-1914), la revue Die Fackel (le Flambeau) de Karl Kraus (1899-1936) et les « écrits divers » (zawen) des années 1920-1930 de Lu Xun représentent trois tentatives pour situer l’œuvre littéraire dans une frange critique de l’actualité, à distance du journalisme et du feuilleton. Le texte du polémiste est un discours sans autorisation sur les phénomènes politiques, sociaux et culturels de son temps. Il exalte un « je » souverain, qui porte le masque de Timon, de Thersite ou de Xing Tian, le combattant acéphale de la mythologie chinoise. Rejeté hors de la littérature ou du champ de la création par ses contemporains et par l’histoire littéraire, le polémiste perturbe les catégories génériques et l’idée même d’œuvre. La thèse propose de réinterroger le statut de l’œuvre polémique dans la littérature. Elle examine les différents lieux et temps d’inscription propres au polémiste (discours social, revue, recueil, œuvre complète, anthologie…) et tente de poser les jalons d’une poétique de la polémique. La constitution d’une telle poétique passe par la ressaisie des interdits relatifs à la polémique. Au polémiste, il est reproché de manquer de tact. La thèse inverse ce reproche en édifiant la catégorie paradoxale de « tact du polémiste », à partir de la pensée critique allemande en particulier (Walter Benjamin, Theodor W. Adorno). La parrêsia du polémiste n’est pas tant le tout-dire, qu’une certaine optique, un art de l’exagération et de la déformation : une souveraineté abusive sur le détail. La thèse ouvre sur l’enjeu de la mémoire de ces œuvres : les textes de polémistes deviennent des sismographes de la littérature mondiale, eux qui ne circulent pas facilement au-delà des frontières nationales et n’ont pas la lisibilité des fictions. / At a time of specialization of professions and autonomization of literature, the language of the polemicist attacks the “universal reportage” (Mallarmé). The Cahiers de la quinzaine of the French writer Charles Péguy (1900-1914), the anti-journal Die Fackel of the Viennese satirist Karl Kraus (1899-1936) and the “miscellaneous texts” (zawen) written by the Chinese author Lu Xun in the 1920s and 1930s represent three attempts to write a literary work on the fringes of the conventional categories of journalism or “feuilleton”. The text of the polemicist is a non-authorized discourse on current political, social and cultural events. It exalts a sovereign “I”, who wears the mask of Timon, Thersites or Xing Tian, the beheaded rebel in Chinese mythology. Rejected from literature by his contemporaries and literary history, the polemicist upsets the well-established literary categories as well as the understanding of what a writer’s work is.This thesis analyzes the different dimensions of the way the polemicist writes about his time (social discourse, magazines, collection, books, complete works, anthologies) and draws the outline of a poetic of the polemic. This attempt implies to reconsider what the literary tradition blames the polemicist for, especially his lack of “tact”. This blaming is here reversed, as we try to develop the paradoxical category of the “tact of the polemicist”, inspired by the German critical thinkers (Walter Benjamin, Th. W. Adorno). For the polemicist, the parrhesia does not consist in saying everything but rather in trying to find the right perspective. It is above all an art of exaggeration and distortion: a sovereign use and abuse of details. This thesis leads to the question of the memory of these works: while polemicists do not easily cross national borders and do not offer the readability of fictions, their texts paradoxically become a kind of seismograph of “world literature”.

The master’s thesis deals with the reduction of the production cycle at the assembly line of pumps in a particular company. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to introducing the company's history, products, and selected economic indicators. The following part is a theoretical analysis of types of assembly lines, their characteristics and methods for determining the consumption standards of time. The practical part analyzes time efficiency of a specific assembly line. The results of the analysis are presented in table and graphs based on three proposals that are designed to reduce the production cycle. The final part provides techno-economic overview and valuation of improvements designed according to the key indicators presented in the thesis.

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