The aim of this study is to develop the ¡§integration of creative thinking into the proposal of teaching reading and composition for grade 4 students¡¨ and discuss the impact of this teaching proposal on students¡¦ creative thinking skill, tendency and writing capability. Through case study, a grade-4 dance class from an elementary school in Tainan City was taken as research sample. Among the target students, 20 of them are female. After conducting the teaching proposal for 17 weeks, the teaching strategy was adjusted according to the program implementation, teacher¡¦s introspection and students¡¦ performance in class. In addition, both quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to analyze the program teaching effect. The pre-test and post-test scores of the ¡§creative thinking activity test¡¨, ¡§creative thinking tendency scale¡¨ and ¡§creative writing evaluation scale¡¨ were taken as the standard for evaluation. Besides, the qualitative data were used to analyze the students¡¦ learning results of creative thinking, students¡¦ written works, learning survey-questionnaires and the overall reaction of teachers¡¦ observation and introspection. The result and discussion of research are as following: (1) The integration of creative thinking into the proposal of teaching composition and reading for grade 4 students can improve the elementary students¡¦ creative thinking skill and writing capability. (2) The integration of creative thinking into the proposal of teaching composition and reading for grade 4 students can improve the elementary students¡¦ creative thinking tendency. (3) The design of the integrative teaching composition and writing can improve the elementary students¡¦ expression and the learning quality of creative thinking. (4) The appropriate team work can improve the elementary students¡¦ learning effect. In conclusion, this study proposed the proposal and implementation for future integration of creative thinking into teaching composition and reading and research direction based on the research results.

The research is attempt to refer to the theories of multiple intelligences on English teaching to the 4th graders by utilizing Action Research Method. The duration of this research lasts 20 weeks, 40 minutes per session, total of 20 periods. It specifically records the process of research and the self-reflection of the researcher in order to exam how to take good care of students¡¦ individual differences in the implement of Multiple Intelligences English Teaching Programs. By introducing different kinds of multiple intelligences activities, teachers are able to encourage students¡¦ greater interest and moreover, guide them into the field of English-learning. Besides, not only can we understand the effects of multiple intelligences on English teaching and learning, but also can we view if they may offer any help to students on developing performances, as to prove the value for Gardner¡¦s theory of multiple intelligences to English course. In this research, the researcher designs several different teaching activities and worksheets to guide students how to fully practice the text of each unit with the help of multiple intelligences. That can also lead them to further explore and develop their abilities of multiple intelligences as well as learning achievement. Furthermore, this also includes appreciation teaching ¡V cooperation of peers -- to have a role model to follow and achieve the goal of leveling up students¡¦ performances and motivation. I. The Objectives of the Research 1. To discuss the application of Gardner¡¦s theory of multiple intelligences to the English courses of the 4th graders. 2. To exam the application of Gardner¡¦s theory of multiple intelligences to the development of students¡¦ performances. 3. To view the application of Gardner¡¦s theories of multiple intelligences to the self-reflection of the researcher and the students. In this study¡§Multiple Intelligences Appraisal¡¨, ¡§English Learning Achievement Assessment¡¨, ¡§Learning Experience Questionnaire¡¨ and qualitative approach , for example, teacher¡¦s anecdotes, teaching reflection, classroom video recording, students¡¦ introspection sheet, multiple intelligences worksheets, photographs of works, self-evaluation of English learning were used to collect the related data. The quantitative data were analyzed by one-way ANCOVA to test the differences of the multiple intelligences, English competency, and learning motivation between the inquiry class and the comparison class. II. Conclusions 1. By the combination of the multiple intelligences and the English teaching programs, students can experience and absorb more happily in the process of learning. 2. To learn in the activities of all kinds of intelligences can further develop students¡¦ Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence¡B Interpersonal Intelligence and Intrapersonal Intelligence. 3. Through the activities of all kinds of intelligences can increase students¡¦ English abilities in dialogues. 4. Using the theories of multiple intelligences as the main teaching methods of English courses can attract students¡¦ more interest to learn. 5. Utilizing the theories of multiple intelligences on English teaching can help the researcher and the students to further self-reflection and self-development. III. Advices 1. The integration of related subjects is necessary to Multiple Intelligences teaching programs. 2. With the help of multiple intelligences worksheets, students can take learning more easily. 3. The offer of multiple intelligences activities can level up students¡¦ interest. 4. Enrichment of the facilities makes teaching more efficiently. 5. Increase the arrangement of dialogues between masters and teachers.

The topic of this diploma thesis is Volleyball in physical education on first stage of elementary school. The main problems examined in the thesis are the method of teaching volleyball at the elementary schools in Jirkov, the inclusion of volleyball in the lessons of physical education, the skill level of pupils of the first stage before the implementation of the teaching program and after its implementation. Based on the research I reach the conclusion that volleyball is taught in the same way at all schools, only 33 % of teachers from all schools includes volleyball in the lessons of physical education, the skill level of pupils of ordinary classes and classes of minivolleyball is different before and after implementation and that there was an improvement in the skill level of all pupils. This work could be an inspiration for current and future teachers of physical education at elementary school. KEYWORDS Volleyball, minivolleyball, physical education, teaching program, 1st stage

Com base em estudos qualitativos e levando em consideração o contexto político, social, educacional e cultural da cidade de São Paulo nas décadas de 1950, 1960,1970 e 1980, esta tese aborda e discute aspectos relevantes da existência do Iadê - Instituto de Arte e Decoração (de 1959 a 1987), notadamente o ensino de projeto em seu Colégio Técnico de Desenho de Comunicação.Pretendemos resgatar historicamente o instituto, sobretudo em suas relações com o campo do design paulistano, com base em relatos de ex-alunos, ex-professores, ex-dirigentes e ex-funcionários e na análise de documentos de arquivos pessoais e institucionais. A abordagem da estrutura pedagógica do Iadê foi estudada no paradigma interpretativista. A pesquisa é organizada em seis partes principais: a primeira concentra-se no contexto cultural, social, industrial e econômico da cidade já estabelecida como grande metrópole; a segunda é voltada para o âmbito educacional, envolvendo os cursos livres, técnicos e superiores existentes no campo das artes visuais, da publicidade, da decoração e da comunicação visual; a terceira destaca a implantação do Instituto de Arte e Decoração, seus fundadores e a estrutura conceitual de seu Curso de Decoração a partir de 1959; a quarta, trata do conceito pedagógico do Colégio Técnico de Desenho de Comunicação em sua trajetória, de 1969 a 1987, e do perfil dos estudantes e professores que ali atuaram; a quinta parte aborda o ensino de projeto aplicado e, por fim, a sexta traz uma reflexão sobre a trajetória cumprida pela instituição, suas conquistas, seu legado e as causas de seu desparecimento prematuro. / Based on qualitive studies and taking the 1950s-1980s political, social, educational and cultural context in São Paulo city into consideration, this doctoral thesis discusses the Iadê - Instituto de Arte e Decoração (1959-1987) relevants aspects, notably the project teaching at its the Technical High School of Communication Design. We intend to rescue historically the Iadê, above all its dealings with the design field in São Paulo, according to former students and past staff (teachers, employees and directors) reports and to analysis of personal and institucional data archives. The approach of Iadê pedagogical structure was studied under the paradigma interpretativist and the the surch was organized under six parts: the first one focuses in cultural, social, industrial and economic context of the São Paulo city already established as a metropolis; the second one is aimed at educational scope involving the free, technical and colleges courses in the visual arts, advertising, decorationg and visual communication fields; the third one underscores the Aidê implantation, its founders and the conceptual estructure of its Decoration Course (1959); the fourth part concerns the Technical High School of Communication pedagogic concept in its trajectory, from 1969 to 1987, and the its past students and teachers profile; the fifith part approaches the teaching of project apllied there; and the last part presentes a reflection about the Aidê trajectory, its achievements, its legacy and the its premature extinction.

Des centaines d'Américains partent chaque année vers le Japon pour y enseigner l'anglais en participant au programme JET (Japan Exchange and Teaching Programme) qui est administré par le gouvernement japonais. Leur travail consiste à assister des enseignants japonais dans leurs cours d'anglais dans des écoles publiques japonaises. Plusieurs de ces Américains constatent que l'expérience n'est pas sans difficultés et rapportent de nombreux problèmes communicationnels avec leurs collègues de travail japonais. Or, la communication interculturelle implique la mise en relation de cadrages différenciés, ce qui n'est pas sans effet sur la compréhension mutuelle, surtout entre individualistes (Américains) et collectivistes (Japonais). Notre recherche de nature exploratoire se présente comme une analyse microsociale. Nous analysons le discours de douze anciens participants au programme JET d'origine américaine qui identifient et interprètent les difficultés communicationnelles et relationnelles rencontrées avec leurs collègues de travail japonais au Japon dans le cadre de ce programme. La technique de recueil des données qualitative est donc privilégiée, et l'entrevue de groupe et semi directive sont utilisées. Le paradigme culturaliste domine cette étude posant que nos sujets américains ont intériorisé certaines caractéristiques de leur culture à tendance individualiste. L'objectif principal est d'observer, analyser et comprendre l'influence de cette tendance à travers la perspective de nos sujets dans le contexte de cette interaction avec l'altérité japonaise. Nos a priori théoriques sont culturalistes et interactionnistes. Pour la discussion sur le concept de communication, de culture, et de dimension culturelle individualiste et collectiviste, nos principaux auteurs sont Porter, Samovar, Thayer, Hofstede et Triandis. Pour la perspective interactionniste sur la question de l'émergence de la culture à travers l'interaction, nous avons privilégiés Ladmiral et Lipiansky. Nous proposons une approche interprétative et compréhensive dans l'analyse et l'interprétation des données qui vise à dégager cette signature culturelle et comprendre comment elle émerge dans le rapport à l'autre. Il ressort que l'interaction avec l'autre est un moment clé dans l'émergence d'influences culturelles enfouies. Le rejet, le déni ou la non reconnaissance par l'autre de valeurs, de comportements, ou de croyances qu'ils ont profondément intériorisés et pris pour acquis leur permet incidemment de saisir les contours de leurs propres programmations culturelles. Dans un discours qui oppose le «nous» au «eux», nos participants nous livrent une perspective ethnocentrique chargée de signifiants culturels. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : communication, culture, dimension culturelle individualiste et collectiviste, programmations culturelles.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland. / Typescript. Bibliography : leaves 98-104. Also available online.

This study is an evaluation of the programs in fourteen selected Texas colleges and universities to prepare undergraduates for teaching careers in physical education. The study uses its analysis of current programs as a basis for recommending improvements in them.

This qualitative action research concentrates on examining the best practices for teachers in trauma-informed practices by producing an implementation guide to train the trainer. The theoretical framework utilized to help inform the development of this research was Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory (1989) in relation to human development for identifying the emerging best practices with being trauma informed. The scope of this research focuses on low-socioeconomic status (SES) urban youth, so cultural sensitivity is naturally always a component of a complete train-the-trainer, trauma-informed teaching program. I identified the emerging best practices in two ways: (a) by gathering and summarizing supporting sources of literature and (b) by holding collaborative conversations with acknowledged experts in culturally competent trauma-informed training. The findings revealed six components essential to prepare the trainer on trauma-informed education training. First, culturally responsive pedagogy and culturally responsive teaching were identified to aid in bridging the gap in providing support. Social capital based upon lived experiences of students was recognized by acknowledging their needs through appropriate modeling of positive attitudes and behavior while increasing confidence in student learning using inclusive resources demonstrated throughout academic content. Next, the key principles of brain science were acknowledged showing a relationship between impact of trauma and learning affects such as: processing, decoding, self-regulation, and impulse control. Then, mental health was addressed to show there is an impact of negative interactions and disciplinary actions, according to Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) ecological systems theory. Attitude and language were acknowledged as both verbal and non-verbal and having an impact on instructional behavior, which influences student climate in learning and behavior. Lastly, the equity and accountability components were identified to require teachers to move away from implicit bias issues by creating more cultural-normative behavior through designing more restorative practices while building partnerships with students and families alike. The result of this action research provided a set of emerging best practices embedded in the implementation guide to support the trainer in training educators on how to teach trauma-impacted youth in California’s culturally diverse public-school classrooms.

The Master thesis "Procedures of RWCT programme in the teaching of Czech language and literature at primary school" discusses the use of critical thinking techniques in the Czech language classes for fifth graders. My goal is to explore what options are used as the RWCT programme methods in the Czech language classes at primary school. One of the key objectives is to build a comprehensive material for teaching the Czech language in the fifth grade of primary school. This is based on critical thinking techniques thanks to which pupils not only study the new curriculum but also develop their reading literacy. The anthology demonstrates the applicability of critical thinking techniques in classes with specific examples. On the basis of reflections, I assess the options whitch the RWCT programme gives to the teaching of the Czech language in the fifth grade of primary school. Keywords A teacher at primary school, contemporary conception of teaching, Framework Educational Programme for primary education, RWCT programme, critical thinking, E - U - R model, critical thinking techniques, Czech language and literature.

Esta pesquisa apresenta o tema da formação de professores para atuar no ensino superior. Estudos apontam que o professor universitário no Brasil não tem recebido a devida formação para a docência pelas universidades ficando sua ação aquém da complexidade exigida para o ensino na Educação Superior. Na Universidade de São Paulo, a formação para a docência ocorre pela via do Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino (PAE-USP), no qual os pós-graduandos cumprem duas etapas: a preparação pedagógica e o estágio supervisionado em docência. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar o Programa de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino da Universidade de São Paulo como espaço institucional de formação de professores para o ensino superior, a partir da perspectiva dos seus egressos, que hoje atuam como docentes em instituições de ensino superior públicas brasileiras. O referencial teórico tem como base estudos sobre a universidade contemporânea, o cenário atual da formação de professores universitários, a docência universitária na perspectiva da complexidade, dos saberes da docência e do desenvolvimento profissional docente. A metodologia utilizada é de abordagem qualitativa, sendo utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Participaram da pesquisa 14 docentes de IES públicas brasileiras, que realizaram o Programa PAE na Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da USP entre 2005 e 2013. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Análise Temática, utilizando-se de duas categorias criadas a priori: saberes da docência e desenvolvimento profissional. Os resultados apontam que o Programa PAE, na perspectiva dos seus participantes, possui mais significado na medida em que o estagiário tem maior contato com a prática docente. Os participantes reiteram a importância de espaços e programas para a formação docente para o Ensino Superior, inicial e continuada. / This research presents the theme of teacher training to work in higher education. Studies point out that the university professor in Brazil has not received the necessary training for teaching by the universities and their action falls short of the complexity required for teaching in Higher Education. At the University of São Paulo, training for teaching takes place through the Program for the Improvement of Teaching (PAE-USP), in which postgraduates fulfill two complementary stages: pedagogical preparation and supervised teaching. The objective of this work is to investigate the Program for the Improvement of Teaching at the University of São Paulo as an institutional space for teacher education for higher education, from the perspective of its alumni, who now act as teachers in Brazilian public higher education institutions. The theoretical framework is based on studies on the contemporary university, the current scenario of university teacher training, university teaching in the perspective of complexity, teaching knowledge and professional teacher development. The methodology used is a qualitative approach, being used as instruments of data collection questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. A total of 14 subjects, teachers of Brazilian public HEIs, who participated in the PAE Program at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, USP, between 2005 and 2013, participated in the study. Data analysis was performed through Content Analysis - Thematic Analysis, Two categories created a priori. The results indicate that the PAE Program, from the perspective of its participants, has more meaning in that the trainee has more contact with the teaching practice. The participants reiterate the importance of spaces and programs for teacher education for Higher Education.