The purpose of this research is to study foreign technology transfer, combined with government policies in the Chinese automobile industry. The Chinese automotive industry is interesting to examine because of its fast growing production and potential market, which attracts a lot of foreign automakers to establish strategic alliance in China. However, in terms of the studies and results, it is found that the China’s strategy of “ trade market access for technology” is not sufficient and Chinese automakers have not yet learned technologies from foreign automakers. By bringing together primary and secondary data from the public research and telephone interviews with evidence from the Chinese automobile industry, the over-­‐dependence of Chinese firms on foreign technology transfer and lack of technological capability is explained. Also, through the study of two automobile joint ventures (JVs) cases, it is found that the industrial policy has been heavily influenced the development of automobile industry and indigenous automakers must improve their technological capabilities.

The work that this thesis is a result of has the ambition to suggest a model forknowledge transfer to small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). The knowledge in focus here is competitive production methods such as: leanproduction, six sigma, continuous improvement, total quality management ortotal productivity maintenance.To invest in research in the SMEs, that often are the larger company’ssuppliers, gives effects in the entire supply chain. Another point of view is thatbigger companies are often divided into smaller sub-units that in many casesare more or less autonomous and have, in a sense, SME characteristics.There are some main problems that are identified: • The relation between the numbers of SMEs compared to the number ofknowledge transfer teachers regarding newly developed methods is togreat. • In many cases the methods need to be adjusted to fit SMEs regardingthe difference to larger companies. • “The Learning Paradox”, i.e. that the companies need to know aboutexisting methods and their potentials before they can ask forknowledge about them. • “The Swedish Paradox”, i.e. that little effect comes out from theresearch conducted in Sweden and the research and transfer processesmust be more effective.• There is also a lack of understanding regarding the importance ofSMEs and the need for supporting activities in their companydevelopment activities. • The competition is becoming harder because many companies learn touse different production methods more systematically to obtaincompetitive advantages. The overall aim with the work presented in this thesis is to create improvedconditions and understanding regarding knowledge transfer of competitivemanufacturing methods to Swedish SMEs. The objective with this thesis is to suggest a knowledge transfer model that issuitable to the current problem description and is also built on state-of-the artknowledge regarding knowledge transfer.A literature review with the objective to seek current knowledge of knowledgemanagement has been carried out. The process of knowledge creation ofcompetitive production methods and transfer to SMEs cover many researchfields. The width of the area for this thesis requires a multidisciplinaryapproach were the knowledge transfer process has been illuminated withindifferent topics.The different methods have different abilities to support knowledge ortechnology transfer. The different factors have not been weighted in thisanalysis but imply that networks, e-learning, the IVF model, publications andcourses are more effective ways for knowledge transfer to SMEs.To be able to perform an effective knowledge transfer different activities andknowledge needs to be connected into a system or in a context. Once theknowledge is created it is transferable to companies. The DCT-model is arepeatable systematic approach that has three steps: 1) Dissemination, 2)Clustering, and 3) Transfer.There are still activities to do before the model is both valid and verified (ifnow the model is a solution to the problem). The following activities andquestions are planned to be done in the doctoral work: • The problem description in this thesis must be validated and verified. • Does the DCT-model need to be further developed regarding eventualchanges in the problem description? • What type of method shall be used in order to verify the DCT-model?This will be one of the major research questions in the doctoral work. • How does the DCT-model work? And: How effective is it? / QC 20110114

"ANALYSIS OF THE KEY FACTORS AND ACTORS, PLAYING ROLE IN SUCCESSFUL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (TT) AT THE UNIVERSITIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND NEW APPROACHES TOWARDS EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION STRATEGIES" Author: Mgr. Karolína Řípová Supervisor: Prof. PhDr. František Ochrana, DrSc. Institution: Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Social and Economic Strategies Research group leader:Prof. PhDr. Martin Potůček, CSc. MSc. Specialistaion: Public and social policy Year of defense: 2014 Abstract The research project focuses on process of technology transfer that normally materializes through incremental changes and adaptation of behavior of its key actors. These incremental adaptations in behavior of the key actors then result into bringing the innovation to the market and the society and in a long term support its sustainable development. In perspective of the public policy therefore the technology transfer and its cultivation represents a public interest of a highly interdisciplinary nature, and that is how it is being studied within the research project. Interdisciplinarity of the research problem is further projected into the selection of research methodology that uses approaches of several disciplines. Interdisciplinarity of the research...

Academic knowledge and technology transfer has been growing in importance both in academic research and practice. A critical question in managing this activity is how to evaluate its effectiveness. The literature shows an increasing number of studies done to address this question; however, it also reveals important gaps that need more research. One novel approach is to evaluate the effectiveness of this activity from an organizational point of view, which is to measure how much knowledge and technology transfer from a university fulfills the mission of the institution. This research develops a Hierarchical Decision Model (HDM) to measure the contribution values of various knowledge and technology transfer mechanisms to the achievement of the mission. The performance values obtained from the university under investigation are applied to the model to develop a Knowledge and Technology Transfer Effectiveness Index for that university. The Index helps an academic institution assess the current performance of its knowledge and technology transfer with respect to its mission. This robust model also helps decision makers discover areas where the university is performing well, or needs to pay more attention. In addition, the university can benchmark its own performance against its peers in order to set up a roadmap for improvement. It is proved that this is the first index in the literature which truly evaluates the effectiveness of university knowledge and technology transfer from an organizational perspective. It is also the first method that incorporates hard data of university technology transfer and expert judgments into the evaluation of the effectiveness of the activity. Practitioners in the area of academic technology transfer can also apply this evaluation model to quantitatively evaluate the performance of their institutions for strategic decision making purposes.

The importance of technology transfer to produce structural change in developing regions has been well established. However, most previous transfers to developing regions have been unplanned or triggered by actions rather than decisions. Most previous inquiries have been based on unidimensional, sectorial and mostly economic views of technology transfer; this author believes these to be inadequate representations of the transfer process. This dissertation proposes a new inquiring system for technology transfer; one which emphasizes a multidimensional viewpoint of the technology transfer process. Further, this dissertation claims to make three unique contributions: 1. a new hierarchical structure for examining the technology transfer problem. 3. a demonstration example of the suggested methodology. Special emphasis is placed on the needs of planners and policymakers who are considered the clients of the proposed inquiring systems. The hierarchical structure has three levels, each emphasizing the three critical dimensions of technology transfer: 1) resources, 2) transfer mechanisms, and 3) economic and sociocultural consequences. The goals and/or results at each of the three levels of the hierarchical structure are: 2. three measures for assessing thle performance of technology transfer. Level 1: At this level, a novel generalized morphological tree is developed to indicate structural differences of technology transfer along the three critical dimensions. Level 2: At this level, interactious between the variables specified in Level l are considered. These interactions are expressed in the form of self-interaction and cross-interaction matrices. The proposed structure of technology transfer is established in terms of these matrices. Level 3: This level specifies, in a flowgraph form, the decision, information and logic requirements to design a "most satisfactory" technology transfer. The development of these three levels combines quantitative and qualitative viewpoints, since a strictly quantitative approach would lead to an incomplete, unrealistic representation of the problem. The three measures to assess the performance of technology transfer are: feasibility in terms of resources required for transfer,efficiency expressed in terms of applicability of transfer mechanisms, and desirability in terms of the consequences of transfer. Policy statements, in the form of logic or assignment statements, are developed to estimate the nature and magnitude of the three performance measures. A horizontal transfer, specifically the transfer of computer technology to India, is considered to illustrate the proposed methodology. The hierarchical structure is developed and performance measures for the transfer are estimated. The results indicate: (a) the transfer is feasible in terms of most resource requirements, but under the constraints of domestic availability, productivity and cost, (b) the channel direct investment by business -- is most applicable for the transfer. The channels -- entrepreneur and licensing arrangements -- are of limited applicability. The mechanism -- direct investment by Indian government is applicable if long transfer times can be tolerated, and (c) the economic consequences of the transfer are significant and desirable. However, the transfer is found to have little impact on such important sectors as literacy, food, communication and characters of social organization.

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The objective is to clarify the concept of technology transfer and the accompanying components to deliver them to the reader. The object of this paper is to study technology transfer. The subject of this paper is to study the concept of international transfer of innovative technologies in the enterprise. Methods (procedures) study. In the process of writing a thesis used method of comparing the use of technology transfer in various companies in different countries. The results and their novelty. During the execution of this work has identified the concept of technology transfer, technological activity, barriers to technology transfer as the process of technology transfer, are examples of technology transfer. The results can be used by students and researchers of this field. Recommendations for use of the work is the ability to use existing information and technology companies to improve their performance, output and increase profits.

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US corporations have long recognized university related scientific research as an important source of long term economic growth and technological innovation. This dynamic involvement with industry has drastically increased the university technology transfer and licensing activities, and has stretched the human and financial resources of Technology Management and Licensing Offices of many US universities. This research provides a mechanism that can aid in the complex process of properly assessing university-owned technologies and intellectual properties, to identify those with licensing and commercialization potential for the pursuit of truly important breakthrough discoveries. This research focuses on the university technology licensing and commercialization process from the perspectives of those licensing professionals whose firms' activities are engaged in licensing-in university technologies. The objectives of this research are to: 1.Identify the decision factors and licensing determinants that influence or impact the licensing and commercialization of university technologies. 2.Build and conduct a survey among those licensing professionals involved in the technology licensing process to determine the relative importance of each of the licensing determinants identified in the literature review, and their most current and up to date selection criteria for technologies they license. 3.Develop a framework to assist the University Technology Management & Transfer Office's personnel and other stakeholders in the assessment of the potential viability of the university technologies for licensing and commercialization.