In my diploma thesis, I study optimality of the European Economic and Monetary Union on basis of principles of the Theory of Optimum Currency Areas -- OCA, with special attention to the criterion defined by R.A.Mundell. I point out some rigidities of the European labor market because of which this criterion is not met. On basis of an assumption that the more countries meet these criteria, the more suitable candidates for an entry of the monetary union they are, I reach a conclusion that EMU is not an optimal monetary zone. Nonetheless, the thesis does not ignore a hypothesis of the endogenous character of the OCA theory criteria, i.e. that they can be met even after an entry of the monetary union. Furthermore, with respect to the OCA theory criteria, I study appropriateness of the set Maastricht Convergence Criteria for evaluation of preparedness of countries for an entry of the EMU. The thesis also deals with potential revenues and costs of the introduction of euro in the Czech Republic. At the end of the thesis, I suggest potential alternatives of future development of EMU with respect to the current problems of the monetary union.

The thesis is focused on improving project management in the environment of the company. In addition to the topic of project management the thesis focuses primarily on the theory of constraints and uses its tools, which help in finding and subsequent removing of the found problems in the system. The thesis has several objectives. The first goal is to provide a sufficient theoretical basis not only for project management, which is analyzed in the practical part, but also the theory of constraints and its tools. In the first part of the thesis is adequately explained the principle of the theory of constraints. There are also clear way described the tools for identification of key issues and proposals for their elimination. Second goal is to verify the theoretical tools described, based on the theory of constraints, in practical usage in the study of undesirable effects in the selected company. The third goal is to use tools of the theory of constraints and mapping the current status and the proposal to eliminate the problems found. These tools are the present reality tree, the evaporating clouds and the future reality tree. The outputs from this analysis are specific recommendations for improving project management within the company. The overall benefit is the practical application of the tools in practice and usage of the findings of this thesis for improving of the current situation. By application proposed conclusions of this thesis should be eliminated current problems and improve the performance of the company. With regard to sufficiently sophisticated theoretical part in project management, the theory of constraints and its tools, the thesis can be as a valuable guide to the improvement in other companies.

The diploma thesis analyzes, whether became in the case of the development of real GDP, inflation and unemployment in the Czech Republic and the USA to systematic influence these macroeconomic indicators of the ruling parties and their political orientation. The work is focused on the period from the beginning of the 1990's of 20th century to the present, with an emphasis on the pre-crisis and crisis periods of the current economic crisis. Tested are two fundamental theoretical concepts. The first one is a model of opportunistic theories of the business cycle, then the second one, the model of the ideological theory of the economic cycle. The work also analyzes whether there was in these two states deliberate influencing of government expenditure in electoral periods in order to increase the chances of government politicians for re-election. The work also explores the similarities and differences of the pre-crisis and crisis periods of the current economic crisis to the great depression of the 1930's of 20th century.

The aim is to draw attention to an inefficient allocation of resources and capital, which has resulted in rising food prices and the high number of hungry people in developing coutries, which European and U.S. subsidy policy does nt accumulate capital and invest in their production. I focused on the prices of raw materials for biofuel production in connection with legislative obligations and CO2 emissions, including the impact of indirect land use changes (ILUC) and based on searches draw conclusions from primary studies that deal with macroeconomic modeling. This thesis confirmed the hypothesis that the current agricultural policy on biofuels does not comply with the theory of comparative advantage of growing food where it is advatageous both economically and environmentally.

The topic elites, respectively political elites comes alive with the authors and their texts of different levels and it is examined philosophers, political scientists, sociologists. The concept of the elite, but also inflects common language of everyday life. We hear f. e. "elitists, verchuska, barons, peacocks etc. So, terms of showing the pejorative tinge. This so-called ordinary perception is often influenced by the actual operation of the representatives of this group, class, and of reflection to what occurs in practice, seen and perceived by the people in everyday life, in mutual contact or indirectly (own experience), but also media, reading and absorption of available evidence and their own conclusions about them. It is therefore a reflection of some subjective effects as a result of the power brokers and their recipients, who are but one way or another subject objectively shaping the conditions in which they operate. The topic elites, respectively the role of powerful groups and individuals, even if their social significance "fettered" the nature and evolution of human society is experiencing in its so-called turning moments (alternating power, the crisis of society, an important political, but also cultural changes, etc.) its "boom." It should not remain only in succumbing to a kind of fashion, historically conditioned atmosphere, even the media-mediated, but it should be a responsibly organized social discussion on the very foundations of the functioning of today's power elite, in which special importance is the concept of the liberal governance. This is not just about the more familiar "powerful" or look through "gossip" in a keyhole finder for this or that politician, celebrity or her family, but also the need to seriously begin to deal with issues of power, its functioning in terms of content and form, impact on other areas of the social life, and the need to reflect on just how far today's elite meet them as well as the importance progressive award or the progressive part of society that one way or another manages, organizes, and generally affects the lives of most companies. Today, even many emphasized the global meaning and context.

The main thesis of these essays is that social phenomena are different from psychological phenomena and thus social sciences do not belong to behavioural sciences. Chapter 1 introduces the fundamental problem of the rational choice theory ("Macaulay's problem"): either the theory is empirical and false or it is without empirical content and true. Various suggested solutions to this problem are reviewed and criticized. It is argued that the problem is evaded once it is admitted that rational choice theory does not attempt to explain behaviour. It was developed to explain decreasing individual demand and its extension to behavioural sciences is illegitimate. In Chapter 2 the difference between the interpretation of rationality in choice theory and demand theory is shown. It is argued that choice theory must adopt the agent's point of view, while demand theory proceeds from the point of view of an observer. Chapter 3 applies the argument to the problem of indifference ("Nozick's problem"): it claims that choice theory must adopt strict ordering of alternatives because indifference is already accounted for in the description of the choice alternatives. The difference between the consumer perception and the objective price-quantity relation embodied in the demand function is further explored in Chapter 4 on the example of the Rothbardian demand theory. It is argued that the law of marginal utility defined in terms of subjective units (i.e. units relevant to the consumer) does not imply nonincreasing demand. Chapter 5 is complementary to the previous and attempts to answer the question, whether the concept of marginal utility is compatible with ordinalism. Finally, Chapter 6 discusses on the methodological level the difference between behavioural sciences and economics. It argues that the difference can be conveniently described with the help of Popper's concepts of 'World 2'and 'World 3'.

This thesis describes the implementation methods for multi-criteria evaluation into the software application. IZAR is a software product that solves decision problems. IZAR solves single and multi-criteria, continuous and discrete decision problems. This thesis describes the extension of application IZAR. Several methods of multi-criteria evaluation were added into application. Supplemented methods were chosen so that the extended applications use the most basic methods from the decision theory. Introductory part of the thesis describes the basic methods that have been implemented into IZAR. There is summarized the theoretical basis of each method. The central part deals with the description of each method in terms of implementation. Attention is paid to the parts of the algorithms that have been modified or extended so that the methods are universal. Finally, the thesis shows the test examples in which functionality of methods was verified. There is described a group of complicated decision problems and control conditions that were created for these problems to find the right results.

The theoretical part of the Master's thesis deals with aspects, which influence job performance of employees. The thesis describes one of the most important parts of job performance, which is the motivation. It is also dealing with some of more or less known motivational theories, which help us to understand the motivation of each person. The thesis does not omit term of stimulation and work satisfaction as well. The background of specific company in tourisms, the U Pinkasů restaurant, is sketched in practical part of the thesis. The motivation of its employees as well as some improvement suggestions are studied close.

The topic of this thesis is to analyze the activities of ŠKODA AUTO on the Swedish market. Within each chapter it first analyzes the automotive industry in worldwide context, its development and current situation in individual regions. Then the history of ŠKODA AUTO is developed, mainly its progress from the merger with the German company Volkswagen Group. Another chapter is devoted to the company's entry into foreign markets and its sales worldwide. The core of the work is an analysis of the Swedish automotive market. At the beginning of this chapter the economic and social environment of Sweden is specified together with the local automotive market. The following paragraphs deal with Volkswagen Group Sverige and the importer ŠKODA Sverige. It describes its performance, competitors, activities in sales and aftersales and dealer network. The final section reveals market opportunities and gives suggestions for improving brand position on the Swedish market.

The master's thesis critically analyses the works of John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich August von Hayek concering the explanation of business cycles based on monetary determinants. The analysis is primarily based on J. M. Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) and Prices and Production (1935) author of which is F. A. Hayek. The thesis, on one hand, refutes the main explanation of the cause of business cycles of the Austrian business cycle theory and, on the other hand, it argues the imcompatibility of the main analytical tool of Treatise with the theory of innovation by J. A. Schumpeter.