<p>This final thesis was performed at Ericsson in Gävle between April and June of 2008. Ericsson is a world leading manufacturer of radio base stations (RBS), which handles mobile phone traffic with 2G and 3G technology. The main purpose of this study is to examine if two different types of products (RBS and site material) should have different terms and conditions, today the terms and conditions are the same for both types.</p><p> </p><p>During the course of our study we have tried to think of the terms reliability, validity and generalization. The intention in doing that was to keep the thesis at a high academic level. To name an example of this we have tried to keep our minds at an objective level during the interviews and informal conversations. This was done to keep our minds open and help us draw our own conclusions.</p><p> </p><p>Through our literature studies we have identified a few guidelines that are important to consider when you’re formalising terms and conditions. Later the constructed guidelines are compared to the information about Ericsson’s routines which is collected from interviews, Ericsson’s intranet and informal conversations. After a discussion we were able to see some conclusions about the formalising of terms and conditions.</p><p> </p><p>One conclusion this study has resulted in is that it’s difficult to say whether the same terms and conditions can be used for different types of products. It is likely that it would be possible to have different terms and conditions, but to design these there would take more research in how the organization in question handles their orders and everything around them.</p><p> </p><p>To complement the results of this final thesis more case based studies should be conducted within the subject of terms and conditions in the order process. Our reason to think this way about further studies is that we felt the currently existing theories to be few and far between in our research.</p>

This final thesis was performed at Ericsson in Gävle between April and June of 2008. Ericsson is a world leading manufacturer of radio base stations (RBS), which handles mobile phone traffic with 2G and 3G technology. The main purpose of this study is to examine if two different types of products (RBS and site material) should have different terms and conditions, today the terms and conditions are the same for both types.   During the course of our study we have tried to think of the terms reliability, validity and generalization. The intention in doing that was to keep the thesis at a high academic level. To name an example of this we have tried to keep our minds at an objective level during the interviews and informal conversations. This was done to keep our minds open and help us draw our own conclusions.   Through our literature studies we have identified a few guidelines that are important to consider when you’re formalising terms and conditions. Later the constructed guidelines are compared to the information about Ericsson’s routines which is collected from interviews, Ericsson’s intranet and informal conversations. After a discussion we were able to see some conclusions about the formalising of terms and conditions.   One conclusion this study has resulted in is that it’s difficult to say whether the same terms and conditions can be used for different types of products. It is likely that it would be possible to have different terms and conditions, but to design these there would take more research in how the organization in question handles their orders and everything around them.   To complement the results of this final thesis more case based studies should be conducted within the subject of terms and conditions in the order process. Our reason to think this way about further studies is that we felt the currently existing theories to be few and far between in our research.

The diploma thesis focuses on description and analysis of the current situation on the market for franchise companies. Namely the conditions for cooperation, currently offered by the operators of the franchise concepts in the gastronomy field. For clarification, the work is divided into several chapters depicting the main aspects of franchise business, to which should pay attention every potential franchisee. The introduction summarizes the main characteristics of the franchising, focusing on characteristics of the franchise business, franchising forms available on the Czech market and advantages and disadvantages of operating on both parts. As following, there are discussed financial and tax aspects of the franchise businesses in the Czech Republic and the available options for financing the enterprises. There is a chapter also devoted to possible pitfalls of franchising and a conflict from the perspective of the competition laws. The next section of this thesis focuses on analysis of the advantages of franchising in terms of gastronomy, putting an emphasis on the main factors affecting the franchisees, such as support for the franchisee, franchise fees, return on investment, length of the contracts and franchise expansion strategy of the concepts. The last chapter of the analytical part of the diploma thesis is devoted to practical example which purpose is to compare the profitability of the two possible options of entrance to a gastronomic franchise concept. The conclusion is dedicated to a summary of the overall profitability of franchise business in general and specifically in the selected area. Furthermore, all the introductionary-defined hypotheses are either verified or disapproved.

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The diploma thesis deals with e-shops and their websites. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the selected e-shops and their websites, activities of supervisory authorities in this area and creating suggestions for an improvement. The theoretical part explains basic terms connected to e-shops, history, legislation and supervisory authorities related to this area. In the practical part is conducted controlled in-depth interview with the employee of the Czech Trade Inspection. Moreover a questionnaire survey was carried out in order to examine the consumer's experiences with e-shops and their legal awareness. The thesis also contains evaluation of the selected e-shops and their websites and case study containing purchase from one selected e-shop. Based on the obtained information are suggested recommendation for the improvement.

This thesis, "Lease contract", deals with the topic of leasing, especially with the legal aspects of lease transaction. In first part it describes the history of leasing, classification of lease operations according various criteria and advantages and disadvantages of leasing as a form of financing. Second part is focused on the description of Czech lease market, its development and the situation in year 2010. Third part is focused on the legal aspects of lease contract and lease transaction in Czech law and also in international law. Final part of thesis compares general terms and conditions of leasing of three selected companies on Czech market with general term which are recommended by Czech Leasing and Finance Association.

- THE CURRENT ACCOUNT CONTRACT CONSIDERING GERMAN LEGISLATION In my diploma thesys I have focused on legal regulation of current account contract not only in czech law but also in german law. Is not comparison in strict sence, but just a considiration of in my opinion more exact and explicit legislation of legal institute. In introduction part I have pointed out the term of current account, its purpose and fuction. The main part is focused on applicable legislation of current account contract, its characteristic and to statutes concerning above mentioned questions (for example Act on banks, Act on payment system act). I also mention issuies of contracting parties position, management of banc account , fee for account maintenance, interest on the balance of funds on accounts, termination of contract, account owners death, payments and related deadlines for execution of payment transactions or unilateral changes to terms and conditions. I also consider to be relevant that the czech legislator introduced dual regulation of current account contract in connection with the implementation of european directive. Czech legislator distinguish between current account contract that is not a payment service contract and current account contract that is payment service contract. In my opinion this duality causes...

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA (DVS) / The South African government has earmarked infrastructure development as a key driver of the economy. The infrastructure sectors of energy, water and transport have received large Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) loans to fund new projects, repairs and maintenance. The DBSA loan approvals to municipalities for the period 2012-2013 was R2.3 billion. Loans to 'under-resourced' municipalities totalled R927 million for the same period. Key infrastructure sectors included electricity (R466 million), roads and drainage (R678 million), community facilities (R735 million) and water and sanitation (R1.2 billion). The DBSA is owned by the South African state and its relationship with municipalities is legislated and regulated through the Constitution and an Act of Parliament. One of the post-apartheid roles of the DBSA is to support the infrastructure development agenda of the State through a complexed network of infrastructure projects in the key infrastructure sectors of water and sanitation, education, housing, health and housing. It does so through project, technical and development finance support to municipalities. The underlying rationale for the relationship between municipalities and the DBSA is to forward the States' agenda of providing equal access to basic services and develop infrastructure to support its social and economic development agenda. While the DBSA does provide infrastructure grants and facilitates intergovernmental transfers to municipalities, it also provides infrastructure loans to municipalities for both capital expenditure and large-scale infrastructure projects. The premise of development banks is to provide development finance for infrastructure projects at low interest. The DBSA specifically as a state-owned bank has an overall agenda to develop the infrastructure of poorer municipalities whose credit-worthiness will not allow it to qualify for commercial loans.

Selected aspects of consumer contracts Abstract: This thesis occupies selected aspects of consumer's contracts. It focuses on the phenomenon of commercial terms and conditions, their unilateral changes, the adhesion method of negotiating contracts and related customer protection against the abuse of standardization and simplification of the process of negotiation and conclusion of contract amendments. The second part focuses on the process of concluding a distance contract with a consumer and it discusses the different phases of the process of concluding agreements and the practice of deviation from standard procedures foreseen by law on a practical example of an e-shop. The aim is to evaluate the current legal situation and its development regarding to the transposed European directives and adumbrate the interpretation of certain provisions.

The aim of this master thesis is to analyse the market of courier, express and parcels services. It focuses on the issue of relevant national and international legal framework, with a particular interest in the principles of liability. Furthermore, it provides information on activities of the major courier, express and parcels suppliers: TNT Express Worldwide and DHL Express. These two companies and their Terms and conditions of carriage are subjects for a case study which deals with logistics provider's liability for destruction or loss of or damage to cargo and liability for damage caused by delay.