Apart from motor and sensory function loss, an injury to the spinal cord can cause sympathetic dysfunction, which has been shown to affect immune responses. In this thesis, data from five experimental studies have been collected to compare physiological and psychophysiological exercise responses between wheelchair athlete subgroups with different disabilities (tetraplegic, paraplegic, and non-spinal cord-injured). In two preparatory studies, physiological exercise responses to exhaustive (Chapter 4) and submaximal exercise (Chapter 5) were investigated in all three disability subgroups. Whilst reliability measures for peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were in a range observed previously in able-bodied athletes, the variation in tetraplegic athletes was larger when expressed relative to their VO2peak, questioning the use of this variable to track small changes in aerobic capacity in athletic populations. Submaximal physiological and psychophysiological exercise responses were found to be similar between disability subgroups when expressed as a percentage of VO2peak, justifying the protocol used in the laboratory study on mucosal immune function, which was based on the same percentages of VO2peak for all disability subgroups. The most extensive study of this thesis, detailed in Chapter 6, showed that single laboratory-controlled 60-min exercise sessions increase both salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), a marker of mucosal immunity, and α-amylase, a marker of sympathetic activation in all three disability subgroups. However, the impaired sympathetic nervous system in tetraplegic athletes seemed to influence the fine-tuning of their sIgA response when compared with paraplegic and non-spinal cord-injured athletes, resulting in a larger exercise-induced increase of sIgA secretion rate when compared to paraplegic and non-spinal cord-injured athletes. Based on these results, the study detailed in Chapter 7 investigated sIgA responses in tetraplegic athletes during wheelchair rugby court training. Despite their disability, these athletes showed responses thought to be governed by the sympathetic nervous system, such as reductions of saliva flow rate as a result of strenuous exercise. Similarly, the responses observed in Chapter 8 imply a comparable trend of chronic sIgA exercise responses in tetraplegic athletes as found in the able-bodied population, namely a decrease in sIgA secretion rate during periods of heavy training. These are the first studies in wheelchair athlete populations to investigate mucosal immune responses. Interestingly, despite the disruption of their sympathetic nervous system, some responses in tetraplegic athletes are comparable with findings in able-bodied populations. It is possible that due to their highly trained nature, these tetraplegic individuals are able to compensate for their loss of central sympathetic innervation. This may be by way of adapted spinal reflex or parasympathetic nervous system activity, or increased sensitivity of receptors involved in autonomic pathways. Therefore, sympathetic nervous function in tetraplegic athletes may be qualitatively altered, but in parts still be functional.

Following on from Rio de Janeiro 2016, the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games will present a unique challenge for athletes, needing to prepare and adapt to the potential challenging environmental conditions of 20-27°C and ~73% relative humidity. It is well known that during exercise in hot and/or humid climates, able-bodied athletes experience an increase in thermal strain and a reduction in performance compared to cooler/drier conditions. Yet these conditions prove even more problematic for athletes, who as a consequence of their impairment have a dysfunctional thermoregulatory system, such as athletes with a spinal cord injury (SCI). To date, the thermoregulatory responses of athletes with an SCI have been an under-studied area of research. To gain a greater understanding of how heat balance is altered in individuals with an SCI and the thermoregulatory consequences as a result, studies need to first be conducted at rest, removing the additional metabolic heat production from exercise. Although a large majority of athletes with an SCI compete indoors in wheelchair court sports (e.g. wheelchair basketball and rugby), exercising even in these climate-controlled environments has been shown to place these athletes under considerable thermal strain. In light of this, it is remarkable that existing research on the thermoregulatory responses of athletes with an SCI during exercise is scarce, especially studies encompassing real-world sporting environments. Athletes with high level lesions (tetraplegia, TP) are a particularly under-studied population group shown to have a greater thermoregulatory impairment than individuals with low level lesions (paraplegia, PA) during continuous exercise. Thus the aim of this thesis was to investigate the thermoregulatory responses of athletes with an SCI at rest and during real-world sporting scenarios, with specific focus on athletes with TP. Study 1 aimed to determine how evaporative heat loss is altered, as a result of an SCI, compared to the able-bodied (AB), and the effect lesion level has on this response. The results provide evidence that in individuals with TP, even at rest, evaporative heat loss is not large enough to balance the heat load, when evaporation is the primary source of heat dissipation. Even though in individuals with PA Tgi increased by a smaller magnitude and they possessed a greater sweating capacity than individuals with TP, at ambient temperatures above Tsk latent heat loss is insufficient to attain heat balance, compared to the AB. To investigate the thermoregulatory responses of athletes with an SCI during real-world sporting scenarios Study 2 examined athletes with TP compared to athletes with PA during 60 min of intermittent sprint wheelchair exercise on a wheelchair ergometer. The study was conducted in conditions representative of an indoor playing environment for wheelchair rugby and basketball (~21°C, 40% relative humidity). Results demonstrated that, despite similar external work, athletes with TP were under greater thermal strain than athletes with PA. Study 3 s novel approach investigated both physiological responses and activity profiles of wheelchair rugby players during competitive match play. Despite players with TP covering 17% less distance and pushing on average 10% slower, they were under a greater amount of thermal strain than players with non-spinal related physical impairments (NON-SCI). Furthermore, this study demonstrated that players with TP that had a larger body mass, larger lean mass, covered a greater relative distance and/or were a higher point player had a greater end Tgi. These data provide an insight for coaches and support staff regarding which players may need greater attention in regards to cooling strategies or breaks in play. The effectiveness of cooling practices currently employed by athletes with TP has not been previously investigated. Study 4 determined the effectiveness of pre-cooling, using an ice vest alone and in combination with water sprays between quarters, at attenuating thermal strain in athletes with TP. Using the activity profile data from Study 3, an intermittent sprint protocol, conducted on a wheelchair ergometer, was used to represent a wheelchair rugby match. The combination of cooling methods lowered Tgi and Tsk to a greater extent than pre-cooling only, despite neither cooling condition having a positive or negative effect on performance. Unexpectedly, the pre-cooling only condition lowered Tgi, compared to no cooling, throughout the subsequent exercise protocol, even though the reduction in Tsk was not long lasting. This thesis provides comprehensive evidence that athletes with TP experience heightened thermal strain during both rest and real-world sporting scenarios compared to the AB, athletes with PA, and within the sport of wheelchair rugby. Athletes with TP should employ practices, such as appropriate cooling methods or alter playing tactics to reduce thermal strain and the likelihood of attaining a heat related injury.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, 2017. / Texto parcialmente liberado pelo autor. Conteúdo liberado: Resumo e Abstract. / Submitted by Raquel Almeida (raquel.df13@gmail.com) on 2018-03-20T19:19:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_PatríciaMartinsFerreira_PARCIAL.pdf: 1179514 bytes, checksum: 7ca30f520a31953e8554e35cfd3b01aa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-03-20T19:28:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_PatríciaMartinsFerreira_PARCIAL.pdf: 1179514 bytes, checksum: 7ca30f520a31953e8554e35cfd3b01aa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T19:28:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_PatríciaMartinsFerreira_PARCIAL.pdf: 1179514 bytes, checksum: 7ca30f520a31953e8554e35cfd3b01aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-20 / INTRODUÇÃO: Os dispositivos de auxílio da função manual são soluções da tecnologia assistiva aliadas da readaptação das pessoas com lesão medular cervical. OBJETIVO: caracterizar a satisfação com o uso dos dispositivos de tecnologia assistiva, que compensam a função manual nas atividades de vida diária (AVD) de pessoas com tetraplegia. MÉTODO: A pesquisa foi realizada em três etapas: estudo de revisão sistemática, pesquisa em fontes de dados secundárias e o estudo observacional analítico, realizado em um centro de referência em reabilitação do estado de Goiás. Participaram 20 indivíduos com lesão medular cervical, média de idade de 36,80 anos (DP = 15,99), que receberam dispositivos para compensação da função manual nas AVD. Como instrumentos da pesquisa foram utilizados um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, a Avaliação da predisposição ao uso do dispositivo de Tecnologia Assistiva – Brasil: ATD PA Br; e a Avaliação da satisfação do usuário com a Tecnologia Assistiva de Quebec: B-Quest (2.0). ANÁLISE DOS DADOS: Foram realizadas estatísticas descritivas e distribuições de frequência, análises de comparação entre variáveis do perfil sociodemográfico, dos fatores psicossociais e da satisfação com o uso da tecnologia assistiva, utilizando teste t de Student e análise da variância ANOVA, e análises de correlação de Pearson entre as variáveis investigadas e a continuidade do uso. RESULTADOS: Os participantes do estudo receberam, durante o período investigado na pesquisa, um total 40 dispositivos, utilizados em média por 56,30 semanas. Houve predomínio de dispositivos para auxílio na alimentação e escrita. Foram encontrados resultados significativos nas análises de comparação entre idade e presença de fatores psicossociais positivos (p=0,04), classes sociais e classificação da lesão, com a satisfação (p=0,007; p=0,004). Foi identificada correlação positiva entre o número de semanas de uso do dispositivo e as variáveis alcance de objetivos (r=0,46; p=0,04), autoconfiança (r=0,50; p=0,02), encaixe na rotina (r= 0,60; p=0,006) e conforto em utilizar perto dos amigos (r=0,46; p=0,04). DISCUSSÃO: Os dados encontrados sugerem que a continuidade do uso da tecnologia assistiva está associada ao alcance das expectativas do indivíduo e à satisfação com o dispositivo. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo possibilitou conhecer a satisfação com o uso da tecnologia assistiva das pessoas com tetraplegia e levantar preditores de eficácia e eficiência relacionados ao uso dos dispositivos. Espera-se que os resultados possam contribuir para implantação de protocolos de serviços de tecnologia assistiva centrados no cliente e consolidação de políticas públicas que auxiliem esta população que necessita da tecnologia assistiva para ampliação da sua independência funcional. / INTRODUCTION: The manual function devices are assistive technology solutions combined with the rehabilitation of people with cervical spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE: To characterize satisfaction with the use of assistive technology devices, which compensate the hand function for activities of daily living (ADL) of people with tetraplegia. METHODS: The study was carried out in three stages: a systematic review, research on secondary data sources and an observational, analytical study performed at a reference center in the state of Goiás. Twenty individuals with cervical spinal cord injury, mean age of 36.80 years (SD = 15.99), who received devices for hand function compensation in ADL. As instruments of the research were used a script of semistructured interview, the Evaluation of predisposition to the use of Assistive Technology device - Brazil: ATD PA Br; and the User Satisfaction Assessment with Quebec Assistive Technology: B-Quest (2.0). DATA ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions, comparisons between sociodemographic profile variables, psychosocial factors and satisfaction with the use of assistive technology were performed using Student's t test and ANOVA variance analysis, and correlation analyzes between the variables investigated and the continuity of use. RESULTS: The study participants received, during the period investigated in the research, a total of 40 devices, used on average for 56.30 weeks. There was a predominance of devices to aid in feeding and writing. Significant results were found in the analyzes comparing age and the presence of positive psychosocial factors (p = 0.04), social classes and classification of the lesion, with satisfaction (p = 0.007; p = 0.004). Positive correlation between the number of weeks of use of the device and the goal attainment range (r = 0.46, p = 0.04), self-confidence (r = 0.50, p = 0.02), (r = 0.60, p = 0.006) and comfort in using close friends (r = 0.46, p = 0.04). DISCUSSION: The data suggest that the continuity of the use of assistive technology is associated with the fulfillment of expectations and satisfaction with the device. CONCLUSION: The study made it possible to know the satisfaction with the use of assistive technology of people with tetraplegia and to establish predictors of efficacy and efficiency related to the use of the devices. It is hoped that the results may contribute to the implementation of customer-centric assistive technology services protocols and consolidation of public policies that will assist this population that needs assistive technology to increase their functional independence.

Submitted by Ana Carla Almeida (ana.almeida@ucsal.br) on 2016-10-27T13:01:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FREITAS JV 2014.pdf: 1196280 bytes, checksum: e74974793342dbecf7c22a5bbc77d41f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2016-12-28T21:01:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FREITAS JV 2014.pdf: 1196280 bytes, checksum: e74974793342dbecf7c22a5bbc77d41f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-28T21:01:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FREITAS JV 2014.pdf: 1196280 bytes, checksum: e74974793342dbecf7c22a5bbc77d41f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / O presente estudo visa analisar a composição e a recomposição das redes sociais de indivíduos tetraplégicos crônicos após lesão medular adquirida; mas também, mapear as tensões e os paradoxos que emergem da situação de completa dependência do auxílio de outras pessoas para garantir a sua sobrevivência. A pesquisa se inscreve no campo da investigação qualitativa.Os participantes foram quatro pessoas com tetraplegia atendidas em uma Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia na cidade de Salvador-BA, e, o cuidador principal de cada uma delas, totalizando oito entrevistados. Foram incluídos no estudo portadores de tetraplegia secundária a traumatismo raquimedular e classificada como ASIA A; que tivessem pelo menos um ano de lesão; com idade superior a 18 anos; do sexo masculino; e, que tivessem sido acompanhados pela pesquisadora em algum momento da sua trajetória de reabilitação. Foram excluídos da pesquisa aqueles cuja lesão medular fosse de origem congênita, perinatal ou ainda adquirida na infância. No que tange aos cuidadores, os mesmos foram eleitos com base na análise da narrativa das pessoas com tetraplegia, através da identificação daqueles que assumissem a maior parcela das atividades e responsabilidades relativas ao seu cuidado. A coleta foi orientada por uma postura etnográfica e os dados foram obtidos com base nas narrativas biográficas dos indivíduos selecionados e através de entrevistas guiadas por roteiros semiestruturados elaborados pelas pesquisadoras. A análise das mudanças e permanências das redes sociais de apoio de tetraplégicos realizada nesse estudo mostrou ser um instrumento capaz de permitir uma melhor compreensão das dinâmicas de cuidado adotas em situação de alta dependência. Principalmente por ter possibilitado a contextualização dos eventos mais marcantes, em principal a tetraplegia, no decorrer da história de vida de cada um. Da mesma forma, evidenciou que a presença de uma rede social, mesmo que esvaziada e fragilizada, é determinante na adoção de estratégias positivas de enfrentamento da tetraplegia. O que não exclui a necessidade de buscar a elaboração de estratégias voltadas a ‘normalização’ dessas redes, que, pelo aumento do tamanho e da diversidade dos laços, poderiam proporcionar menor sobrecarga aos cuidadores e maiores possibilidades de participação social para as pessoas com tetraplegia. Para tal vê-se como indiscutível uma maior presença do Estado no suporte a essas famílias, e também a sensibilização da sociedade no sentido de acolher e não derepudiar a diversidade resultante da deficiência. / The present study aims, on the one hand, to analyze the composition and recomposition of social networks of chronic quadriplegic individuals after spinal cord injury acquired and, on the other hand, mapping the tensions and paradoxes that emerge from the situation of complete dependence on the help of other people to ensure their survival. The research falls into the field of qualitative research and follows an interdisciplinary model of analysis. The research participants were four people with quadriplegia attended in a Physiotherapy Clinic-school in the city of Salvador, Bahia, and also the main caregiver of each one of them, totaling eight interviewees. The study included patients with secondary quadriplegia to spinal cord injury and classified as ASIA A; that had at least one year of injury. All the "cases" analyzed are male, aged over 18. It was excluded from the study those whose spinal cord injury would be of congenital origin, perinatal or even acquired in childhood. In regard to the caregivers, those were elected based on the analysis of the narrative of the people with quadriplegia, through the identification of those who take the biggest share of the activities and responsibilities relating to their care. The swab was guided by an ethnographic posture and the data were obtained based on the biographical narratives of the selected individuals and through interviews guided by semi-structured scripts prepared by the researchers. The analysis of the changes and continuities of social support networks of quadriplegic patients performed in this study proved to be an important methodological path and that allowed a better understanding of the dynamics of care in situations of high dependence. It was evident that the presence of a social network, even if emptied and fragile, is instrumental in the adoption of positive coping strategies of quadriplegia, which does not exclude the need to seek the development of strategies aimed at the 'normalization' of these networks, which, by increasing the size and diversity of the bonds, could provide less burdensome to caregivers and greater possibilities of social participation for people with quadriplegia. It’s undisputed the importance of a bigger presence of the State on supporting these families, as well as the sensitization of society in a way to accept and not to reject the diversity resulting from disability

O estudo foi realizado com pessoas do sexo masculino e que viveram a experiência de sofrer um trauma que acarretou a lesão da medula espinal. Teve como objetivos: - compreender os significados que a pessoa atribui a sua experiência de ser lesado medular; - compreender a maneira como a dimensão atribuída ao significado de ser lesado medular se manifesta nas ações da pessoa; - desenvolver um modelo teórico representativo da experiência da pessoa que sofreu uma lesão traumática na medula espinal. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico o Interacionismo Simbólico e como referencial metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A estratégia para a obtenção dos dados foi a entrevista. Dos resultados emergiram dois fenômenos - Sobrevivendo ao Acidente e Vivendo uma Nova Realidade. Destes, identificou-se a categoria central - Re dimensionando limitações e possibilidades. A compreensão da experiência da pessoa que adquire uma lesão da medula espinal possibilitou reconhecer como as vivências, que ocorrem após a constatação da deficiência física, são percebidas por esses indivíduos, e como redimensionam os significados que vão atribuindo às situações diferentes que passam a vivenciar. O modelo teórico mostra que a experiência de ter se tornado um paraplégico ou um tetraplégico, é permeada pela vivência de limitações, e dependências, sentimentos e reações que vão sendo dimensionados e redimensionados à medida que vai re elaborando significados e valores, e desenvolvendo ações que lhe apontam possibilidades, as quais toma posse mediante as escolhas que faz para dar continuidade ou sentido à vida preservada, porém modificada / A study conducted with adult males who had undergone the experience of suffering trauma causing spinal cord injury (SCI). The aim was to: - understand the meaning patients gave to their experience of being an SCI bearer; - understand how the dimensions attributed to being a SCI bearer manifested itself in the person\'s behavior; - develop a theoretical model representative of the experience of the person who suffered SCI. The study used as a theoretical reference Symbolic Interactionism and used the Grounded Theory methodology. Data was collected through interviews. Two phenomena emerged from the findings: \"Surviving the Accident\" and \"Living a New Reality\". Of these the central category was identified as Re defining limits and possibilities. Understanding of the experience of SCI bearers made it possible to recognize how the events that occurred after the diagnosis of the physical deficiency is perceived by the persons and how they redefine the meaning attributed to the different situations they came to experience after suffering the acquired physical deficiency. The theoretical model reveals that the experience of having become a paraplegic or tetraplegic involved a lot of coping with limitations and dependency, emotions and reactions that go on being defined and redefined as the individual restructured values and developed actions that led to possibilities of overcoming, which were adopted through the choices made, so as to give continuity of meaning to the life that remained, although in its modified state

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-05-23T18:41:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 diegoalbuquerquecarvalho.pdf: 2962731 bytes, checksum: d9b3b3e29b86ec7138e3bd4f307102f3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-05-24T14:44:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 diegoalbuquerquecarvalho.pdf: 2962731 bytes, checksum: d9b3b3e29b86ec7138e3bd4f307102f3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-24T14:44:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 diegoalbuquerquecarvalho.pdf: 2962731 bytes, checksum: d9b3b3e29b86ec7138e3bd4f307102f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-20 / No cenário mundial atual há meio bilhão de pessoas com algum tipo de deficiência. Com relação ao Brasil, cerca de 45 milhões de pessoas possuem deficiência e, dentre elas, 65,9% recebem até um salário mínimo, indicando que esta população é composta majoritariamente por indivíduos pobres e, no entanto, as cadeiras de rodas motorizadas e outros equipamentos de acessibilidade possuem preços, em geral, inacessíveis para as pessoas que necessitam de tais recursos. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho desenvolve um capacete de baixo custo que percebe os movimentos da cabeça do usuário e aciona uma cadeira de rodas adaptada para indivíduos com tetraplegia. Com isso, utilizou-se componentes de baixo custo para montagem do projeto, tais como Arduino R, IMU, entre outros. É necessário realizar calibragem e filtragem dos dados obtidos pelo IMU e implementar simulações para avaliar se a proposta responde corretamente aos estímulos apresentados. Ademais, realizou-se uma simulação em ambiente virtual e também com robô móvel para avaliar desafios com relação a ambientes diversificados e envio de informações através do capacete e alcançar um protótipo funcional e econômico para os indivíduos em questão. Além disso, com uma abordagem voltada para educação em engenharia, desenvolveu-se um tutorial para desenvolvimento deste protótipo por alunos de engenharia, cursos técnicos ou engajados neste ramo de pesquisa auxiliando tanto a formação dos alunos quanto possibilitando o constante desenvolvimento desta estrutura a fim de atender melhor os deficientes que necessitam desta tecnologia. / In the world cenario there is half billion of people with some kind of disability. In Brasil, there are around 45 millions of people with disabilities and, among them, 65,9% earn monthly up to the minimum wage, wich indicates that this population is mainly composed by poor individuals and, however, motorized wheelchairs and other acessibility equipments have a market price that is not affordable for this part of population. In this perspective, this work develops a low cost helmet that reads the user head movements and triggers the adapted wheelchair for individuals with tetraplegia. Then, was used low cost components in the project as Arduino R, IMU, among others. Simulations were made to evaluate the system in virtual system and a mobile robot that intends determine environment limitations, filtering and achieve an economical and funcional prototype. Furthermore, concerned with engineering education, was developed a tutorial for this prototype development by engineering students or engaged people in this area, working in benefit of education and improving the project constantly.

Orientador: José Irineu Gorla / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T01:18:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Campos_LuisFelipeCastelliCorreiade_M.pdf: 1327568 bytes, checksum: 617f4b2025a91d80a8713bd85628b414 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A avaliação da Potência Aeróbia em atletas com tetraplegia, como indicador de limite máximo de tolerância ao exercício aeróbio, é uma importante área de interesse no campo da performance paradesportiva. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar as medições direta e indireta do Consumo Pico de Oxigênio (VO2pico) no teste de campo contínuo e incremental Octagon Multi-Stage Test (OMFT) bem como, correlacionar os valores obtidos no teste contínuo e incremental no ciclo-ergometro de braço (EB). Participaram desse estudo 8 atletas tetraplégicos praticantes de Rugby em cadeira de rodas. Os atletas inicialmente realizaram a avaliação antropométrica para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) e percentual de gordura (%G) em seguida foram submetidos ao teste de campo incremental (OMFT) com a utilização do analisador de gás portátil K4b2 Cosmed para mensuração direta do VO2pico. Após 72 horas os mesmos atletas realizaram o teste contínuo e incremental no EB para obtenção dos valores de VO2pico. Pré e pós-testes foram mensurados os valores de Frequência Cardíaca (FC), Concentração de Lactato ([Lac]), Consumo de Oxigênio (VO2) e percepção Subjetiva de Esforço (PSE). Além disso, no teste de campo (OMFT) foram coletados os dados de distância total percorrida, estágio final e número de voltas realizadas variáveis para mensuração indireta do VO2pico. Para os valores de VO2pico, observou-se que no EB os valores de média do grupo foi de 17,8±6 ml/kg/min, enquanto que para o teste OMFT foram de 21,9±5,2ml/kg/min pela mensuração direta e 24,8±3,3ml/kg/min para a mensuração através da equação de predição pré-estabelecida, a FCmax foi de 129,1±24bpm no EB e de 127,8±26bpm no OMFT. Já a PSE foi de 8,2±1,03 no EB e de 6,5±2,2 no OMFT. Através do calculo de correlação entre as mensurações de VO2pico, observou-se alta correlação (r=0.86) entre as mensuração do OMFT direta e indireta com nível de significância de p<0.05 e através do teste de Bland-Altman foi observada a concordância entre os métodos com LIC95% variando de -2,8 a 8,5. O teste OMFT apresenta validade para mensuração da Potência Aeróbia em atletas com tetraplegia, porém, observa-se a necessidade de reajustes no protocolo para que os resultados encontrados sejam de fato mais próximos à realidade dos atletas com tetraplegia, possibilitando maior controle dos resultados obtidos e a prescrição da intensidade de exercícios, evitando assim, lesões devido à sobrecarga do treinamento / Abstract: Evaluation of Aerobic Power in Spinal Cord Injury athletes as an indicator of maximum aerobic exercise tolerance is an important area of interest of sports performance. The present study aimed to compare the direct and indirect measurements of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) in field testing continuous and incremental Octagon Multi-Stage Test (OMFT) and to correlate the values obtained in the test continuous incremental in cycle-arm ergometer (EA). Eight athletes of the Wheelchair Rugby participated in this study. These athletes initially underwent anthropometric measurements for calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF). After were submitted to field test (OMFT) with the use of portable gas analyzer K4b2 Cosmed for measurement direct of the VO2peak. After 72 hours the same athletes performed the test continuous incremental in EA to obtain the values of VO2peak. Pre and post-test values have been measured heart rate (HR), lactate concentration ([Lac]), oxygen consumption (VO2) and perceived exertion (PE). Moreover, the field test (OMFT) data were collected from total distance traveled, stage, and number of turns. Variables to measurement indirect of VO2 peak. For the VO2peak values, it was observed that the values of the EA group mean was 17.8 ± 6ml/kg/min, whereas for the test OMFT were 21.9 ± 5.2 ml/kg/min by direct measurement and 24.8 ± 3.3 ml/kg/min for measurement prediction equation by pre-established, HRmax was 129.1 ± 24bpm in EA and 127.8 ± 26bpm in OMFT. Already the PSE was 8.2±1.03 in EA and 6.5±2.2 in OMFT. By calculating the correlation between the measurements of VO2peak, there was a high correlation (r = 0.86) between the measurement of direct and indirect OMFT with a significance level of p <0.05 and by Bland-Altman concordance was observed between methods with varying LIC95% from -2.8 to 8.5. The OMFT shows validity for measuring Aerobic Power in athletes with tetraplegia; however, there is a need for adjustments in the protocol so that the results are actually closer to the reality of athletes with tetraplegia, enabling greater control of the results and prescription of exercise intensity, thus avoiding injury due to overload training / Mestrado / Atividade Fisica Adaptada / Mestre em Educação Física

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No description available.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the Vojta method therapy impact to the muscles function of the upper limbs of patients with tetraplegia. This is a pilot study, which was attended by five probands. To objectify the results, the method of surface electromyography was adopted. EMG activity of 14 muscles of the upper limbs and shoulder girdle during selected movements before and after therapy was recorded. The choice of therapeutic positions and activation zones was individual. Although a few muscles show significant changes, statistically considerable influence of the therapy cannot be confirmed from the obtained results. But from the point of view of clinical observation and patients 'subjective feelings an obvious difference can be seen. Therefore, it may be in the future advantageous to monitor the impact of Vojta method to locomotor system through clinical methods such as functional tests, tests of independence, range of motion or kinematic analysis.