Despite a well-documented need for parent training in the treatment and prevention of child behavior problems, as well as the well-documented benefit of including fathers in preventative and treatment interventions, surprisingly little clinical intervention research examines the role of fathers in such trainings. This research examined the role of father involvement in behavioral parent training by examining parent-related characteristics in relation to treatment outcomes for both mothers and fathers, examining differences between mothers and fathers, and examining the additive benefit of including fathers in treatment across two studies. Both studies utilized archival data obtained from a university- and community-based parent training program for families and service providers of children displaying challenging or disruptive behavior offered through a large south eastern university medical center. The first study examined associations and relationships among parenting knowledge, parenting stress, and treatment engagement in 39 fathers and 107 mothers. The second study examined the associations and relationships among child behavior problems, treatment engagement, and therapy attitudes in 43 fathers and 98 mothers. Surprising patterns of effects were found; overall, the pattern of results of both studies across multiple levels indicated that the treatment was effective and that the pre-post changes observed were robust to a number of covariates. These findings indicate that the observed treatment efficacy was not diminished when examining specific groups of participants. It is possible that specific strengths of the program discussed in detail such as the social support and problem-solving opportunities augmented treatment benefit for subgroups of participants and mitigated the impact of group differences. While differences between mothers and fathers are often portrayed as having dramatic impacts on treatment engagement and efficacy, these group differences may not be as straightforward as is commonly depicted in the literature. Treatments that identify the nature of differential patterns of benefit and address them through treatment design may be able to deliver efficacious treatment generalizable to multiple subgroups of parents. These findings may have important implications for improving treatment engagement and treatment efficacy in the future. Based on the synthesized findings of these two studies, recommendations for treatment development, clinical practice, and future research are discussed.

<p>The present study examines six young men’s, born in the 1980’s, experiences of their relationships with their fathers. The focus of the study lies on the son’s evaluations of their fathers’ influence on them, the men’s emotional language and the experience of the fathers’ presence versus absence. The relationship with the fathers and the fathers’ emotionality are also being discussed. The method used is semistructured interview. The interviews lasted circa 40 minutes. The results show that half of the men experienced their fathers as present during their childhoods and half, as absent. This shows a more present father than previous studies have shown. All the interviewed men feel that their fathers have influenced them in some way, either positively, negatively or both. This result differs from a previous study which shows a primarily negative influence of the father. A majority of the men experiences their fathers’ emotionality to be similar to the male stereotype. Anger is prominent, whereas sadness is a less prominet emotion of the fathers’. The results further showed that the men in the present study verbally expresses emotions mainly through distansing constructions.</p><p>Keywords: Fatherhood, Father Son relationship, men´s emotional language, men’s emotions</p>

The present study examines six young men’s, born in the 1980’s, experiences of their relationships with their fathers. The focus of the study lies on the son’s evaluations of their fathers’ influence on them, the men’s emotional language and the experience of the fathers’ presence versus absence. The relationship with the fathers and the fathers’ emotionality are also being discussed. The method used is semistructured interview. The interviews lasted circa 40 minutes. The results show that half of the men experienced their fathers as present during their childhoods and half, as absent. This shows a more present father than previous studies have shown. All the interviewed men feel that their fathers have influenced them in some way, either positively, negatively or both. This result differs from a previous study which shows a primarily negative influence of the father. A majority of the men experiences their fathers’ emotionality to be similar to the male stereotype. Anger is prominent, whereas sadness is a less prominet emotion of the fathers’. The results further showed that the men in the present study verbally expresses emotions mainly through distansing constructions. Keywords: Fatherhood, Father Son relationship, men´s emotional language, men’s emotions

I Sverige föds ca 90 000 barn per år och cirka 10 % behöver vård på en neonatalavdelning. Orsakerna till det kan vara många, men vanligt är att barnen som drabbas, är för tidigt födda och då är extra utsatta pga. sin omognad. Syftet med studien var att ta reda på pappans upplevelse att vårda sitt barn på en neonatalavdelning. En kvalitativ forskning med innehållsanalys som metod valdes. Sju stycken pappor som hade vårdat sitt barn på en neonatalavdelning intervjuades med en frågeställning ”Hur upplevde du att vårda ditt barn på en neonatalavdelning”? Resultatet delades in i tre kategorier som ”vilja skapa anknytning till sitt barn”, ”känsla av otillräcklighet” och ”behov av att känna trygghet” med tillhörande underkategorier. I studien framkom att pappan tycker att det är viktigt att få vara nära barnet och vill gärna ta ansvar för vården. De var mycket nöjda med vården och hade tillit till vårdpersonalen men upplevde att de skulle velat haft mer stöd.  Det framkom även att de tyckte att det var frustrerande att vilja vara på flera ställen samtidigt. Med denna studie hoppas författarna kunna öka kunskapen som ska främja ett individuellt anpassat stöd för en bättre omvårdnad av det nyfödda barnet. / In Sweden, about 90 000 children per year are born and about 10% of these need to be taken care in neonatal intensive care unit. The causes can be many, but the most common reason is that the children who suffer, are prematurely born and are extra vulnerable due to their immaturity. The purpose of the study was to find out the father's experience of caring for their child in a neonatal intensive care unit. A qualitative research using content analysis method was chosen. Seven fathers who had to provide care of their child in a neonatal department were interviewed with a question "How you did your experience to take care for your child at a neonatal department?" The results were divided into three categories such as "like to create ties to their child," "sense of inadequacy" and "need to feel safe" with its sub-categories. The study revealed that the father thinks that it is important to be close to the child and would like to take responsibility for the health care. They were very satisfied with the care and had trust in the caregivers, but felt that they would have had more support. The fathers also experienced frustration of the wish to be in several places simultaneously. In this study, the authors hope to raise awareness to promote a personalized support for a better care of the newborn baby.

The purpose of this study was to determine differences in patterns and underlying practices between fathers of gifted and fathers of non-gifted children. The study included 10 fathers of gifted (FG) children and 10 fathers of non-gifted (FN) children. The children were preschoolers, ages 5-6 years old. Giftedness of the children was determined by scoring at or above the 97th percentile on the Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. Fathers in both groups were interviewed by the researcher using a 119 item protocol, which covered 16 categories. Data analysis revealed differences in parenting patterns between FG and FN in all 16 categories which included: 1. FG read more to their children and chose a greater variety of reading material, and read a higher proportion of non-fiction. 2. FG were more actively involved doing activities and interacting with their children such as building with blocks and Legos and making up nonsense songs, stories, and riddles. 3. More non-gifted children than gifted children frequently watched television. The non-gifted child watched 11 solid days of television more than the gifted child in the course of a year. Cartoons and comedy programs were the typical pattern chosen by children in the non-gifted household; whereas educational programs chosen jointly by the parent and child was the typical pattern in the gifted household. 4. Both groups of fathers used different strategies for helping the child develop interpersonal problem solving techniques for academic, behavior, and discipline problems. 5. FG mentioned that children were encouraged to fulfill household responsibilities because it was their duty. None of the FN encouraged their children to accomplish their household duties because it was their duty. 6. FG frequently took their children to arts activities an often provided their children access to art reproductions, record players, tape recorders, and CD players that FN. / Graduation date: 1992

No description available.

Bai Xian-yong is one of the most important contemporary writers. His works deeply and emotionally discussed changes in national history, sexual conflicts, homesickness for a foreign country, difference between Chinese and Western culture , etc. With love and care, the soul of the novels is established by the thoughts and feelings of the characters he created. The artistic energy and moving strength coming from his novels explain why his works play an important role in the literary world. First, this paper begins with the motivation of this thesis and the review of related papers. Through the reviews, we can seek more opportunities to support our study. Second, we start to analyze the main ideas and writing skills of ¡§Dream of the Red Chamber¡¨ which greatly affected Bai Xianyong's writings to find out the principles to classify male characters in his novels. Continued from previous discussion, after male characters are distinguished by their attitudes toward ideality, we explore their behaviors to find out the meaning and implication of why Bai created these roles. Next, we discuss those characters¡¦ changes or resistance when they feel depressed with the ideal and the reality of the conflicts. Furthermore, we find that the roles of husband and father in Bai Xianyong's novels reveal his dissatisfaction with the social system at that time, sympathy with homosexuals and care for women. Finally, the meaning of male roles in Bai Xianyong's works is summarized. By analyzing and discoursing the way he builds up the images of the male roles, his great contributions to modern literature are clearly presented.

Media is an important social institution to shape gender image especially TV advertising. People expose to a lot a great deal of TV advertising in their daily life. In recent years, the image of ¡§family man¡¨ has appeared on food advertising especially instant processed food advertising that attracts lots of attraction. Thus, this study aim to explore why the image of¡¨family man¡¨ such as ¡§father¡¨ appears on instant processed food advertising? How the image of father is represented on instant processed food advertising? And are there any domestic culture values or ideology hidden in the texts of instant processed food advertising? Semiotic theory is adopt as analyzing methodology in exploring mainstream discourse about father in Taiwan, through images, story and voice-over in advertising.By means of analyzing 12 advertising broadcast during 2005 to 2008, this research tries to understand the image of father represented on the instant processed food advertising. The major finding revealed that fathers are middle age, breadwinner and the sex role- model of son in advertising. The temperaments of fathers in advertising are multiple. Fathers in advertising could be an authoritative father or a new nurturant father. This study also found the relationship between father and other family members is patriarchy. The interaction between father and son is different from father and daughter. And the interesting thing is the study found that product in advertising only solves father¡¦s problems. The study also found fatherhood only be practiced in the text which mother is absent. By means of observing cooking, this study found there are differences between fatherhood and motherhood.In conclusion, even if the concept of ¡§a new nurturant father¡¨ is popular, we still can see a patriarchy society in these texts of instant processed food advertising.

<p>I Sverige föds ca 90 000 barn per år och cirka 10 % behöver vård på en neonatalavdelning. Orsakerna till det kan vara många, men vanligt är att barnen som drabbas, är för tidigt födda och då är extra utsatta pga. sin omognad. Syftet med studien var att ta reda på pappans upplevelse att vårda sitt barn på en neonatalavdelning. En kvalitativ forskning med innehållsanalys som metod valdes. Sju stycken pappor som hade vårdat sitt barn på en neonatalavdelning intervjuades med en frågeställning ”Hur upplevde du att vårda ditt barn på en neonatalavdelning”? Resultatet delades in i tre kategorier som ”vilja skapa anknytning till sitt barn”, ”känsla av otillräcklighet” och ”behov av att känna trygghet” med tillhörande underkategorier. I studien framkom att pappan tycker att det är viktigt att få vara nära barnet och vill gärna ta ansvar för vården. De var mycket nöjda med vården och hade tillit till vårdpersonalen men upplevde att de skulle velat haft mer stöd.  Det framkom även att de tyckte att det var frustrerande att vilja vara på flera ställen samtidigt. Med denna studie hoppas författarna kunna öka kunskapen som ska främja ett individuellt anpassat stöd för en bättre omvårdnad av det nyfödda barnet.</p><p> </p> / <p>In Sweden, about 90 000 children per year are born and about 10% of these need to be taken care in neonatal intensive care unit. The causes can be many, but the most common reason is that the children who suffer, are prematurely born and are extra vulnerable due to their immaturity. The purpose of the study was to find out the father's experience of caring for their child in a neonatal intensive care unit. A qualitative research using content analysis method was chosen. Seven fathers who had to provide care of their child in a neonatal department were interviewed with a question "How you did your experience to take care for your child at a neonatal department?" The results were divided into three categories such as "like to create ties to their child," "sense of inadequacy" and "need to feel safe" with its sub-categories. The study revealed that the father thinks that it is important to be close to the child and would like to take responsibility for the health care. They were very satisfied with the care and had trust in the caregivers, but felt that they would have had more support. The fathers also experienced frustration of the wish to be in several places simultaneously. In this study, the authors hope to raise awareness to promote a personalized support for a better care of the newborn baby.</p>

This study examines the cultural and historical constructs of the patriarchal father, the dutiful daughter, and the “Cult of Southern Womanhood” that have impacted the depiction of the relationship between fathers and daughters in the works of southern writers Shirley Ann Grau, Gail Godwin, and Alice Walker. The authors illustrate fathers who influence their daughters by supplying their needs and supporting their desires, but also of fathers who have hindered the emotional growth of their daughters. The term father-force describes the characters’ understanding and revision of the power of the fathers over their lives. Evidence includes the primary works by the writers themselves, criticism of these writers from other sources, and their own words about their works. New Historicism theory supports the position that Grau, Godwin, and Walker use the historical context of the 1960s to help shape and articulate some of the more contemporary issues, anxieties, and struggles, reflected in the literature. The impact of father-daughter relationships in southern novels is an important aspect in the understanding of Grau, Godwin, and Walker’s contributions to American literature. These writers try to discover acceptable methods of dealing with their characters’ relationships with their fathers within the requirements of a society that has established clear roles for both father and daughter. The three writers emphasize good and bad examples of the cultural contexts being explored, and their writings show a historical perspective of the changes that have occurred in the South in father-daughter relationships from 1950 until the present time. The authors show their characters often becoming successful in the real world outside the home in an effort to gain their fathers’ recognition of their accomplishments, his acceptance of their individuality and differences from him, and his approval of their methods of gaining success. Strong feminists characteristics are displayed in the writings of the three authors. Grau, Godwin, and Walker share the characteristics of female characters that connect with their fathers through race, the burden of the past, gender, class and religious expectations. / Dr. Ronald R. Emerick Dr. Karen A. Dandurand Dr. Kelly L. Heider