Democracy plays a crucial role in building a society where people’s freedom, human rights and social well-being are assured. In that light, media plays a considerable role as a source of information that can facilitate the smooth function of democracy. Due to the factors such as the rise of social media, political mismanagement and poor administration, media and democracy face numerous challenges in many countries. There is a lack of empirical research on the challenges for media and democracy from the citizens’ perspective. This study aims to identify the contemporary challenges for media and democracy in Sri Lanka from the young citizens’ perspective. Accordingly, the research question is formulated as: “What are the contemporary challenges for media and democracy in Sri Lanka from the young citizen’s perspective?”. ‘Normative theories’ are applied to understand the conduct of media. ‘Capability approach theory’ and Hasebrink’s concept of ‘users as citizens’ are used to understand the standard of living that people can achieve. This study conducted online face-to-face semi-structured interviews with sixteen young citizens in the Gampaha district in Sri Lanka. A case study research strategy was used, and the respondents were selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis is used to analyse the data and the identified challenges, and the sub-factors are illustrated in a thematic map. Twenty sub-factors that negatively contribute to media and democracy were identified and classified into five main challenges. The challenges for media and democracy identified in this study will be vital for policymakers, practitioners, journalists, and researchers in this area in order to mitigate the challenges whereby a sound democracy can be facilitated. These challenges identified would also be advantageous as a resource in formulating legal policies, introducing reforms and decision-making processes.

Στη διδακτορική αυτή διατριβή διερευνάται κατά πόσον η τηλεσκόπηση μπορεί να χρησιμεύει ως αρωγός για την κοιτασματολογική έρευνα και ειδικότερα για την εύρεση "στόχων" επιθερμικής μεταλλοφορίας πολύτιμων μετάλλων μέσω της αναγνωρίσεως ηφαιστειακών και τεκτονικών δομών και ζωνών υδροθερμικών εξαλλοιώσεων από αέρος. Το πεδίο έρευνας είναι το μειοκαινικό ηφαιστειακό-γεωθερμικό πεδίο της νήσου Λέσβου. Ερευνάται η ορυκτολογία των μεταλλικών ορυκτών και συνοδευόντων ορυκτών εξαλλοίωσης. Γίνονται πάραυτα μικροθερμομετρικοί προσδιορισμοί, προσδιορισμοί χρυσού-αργύρου, ιχνοστοιχείων- ιχνηλατών και άλλων ιχνοστοιχείων στις περιοχές-στόχους και τα γεωχημικά δεδομένα τίθενται σε περιβάλλον GIS (θεματικοί χάρτες). / In this phd dissertation it is investigated if remote sensing techniques can be used successfully as an aid in the ore deposits research and specifically for the localization by air "target" areas of epithermal mineralization of precious metals through the recognition of volcanic and tectonic structures and detection of hydrothermal alteration zones. The research area is the miocene volcanic-geothermal field of the island of Lesvos. The research includes also identification of ore and alteration minerals microthermometric measurements, measurement of the Au-Ag parts, of pathfinder and other trace elements in the target areas. The geochemical data are subsequently placed in a GIS environment for future research and/or mineral exploration purposes.

This work was carried out in the micro basin of the headwaters of the Ibicuí Mirim river, until the Saturnino de Brito dam, and aimed to establish relationships between avifauna with different habitats in the area, using as tool the System of Geographic Information (SIG), with the purpose of evaluating the similarity of bird species in an environment with the same phytogeographic characteristics, its abundance and wealth. In this way thematic maps of land use were created and analysis performed on the physiognomy of micro basin giving support to make it possible to characterize it as the kind of environments, showing therefore that the area of 8695.20 hectares, is divided into four different habitats : area of fields (20.61% of the area), swamp area (3.72% of the area), forest area (18.25% of the area), and area of agriculture (57.42% of the area), characterizing an intense human action on the environment. The linear transects of them showed similar physiognomic characteristics in birds and found results after the total effort of 672 hours of collections, recording 4828 individuals belonging to 163 species (51 families). Of these, ten are migratory species and one is errant (Egretta caerulea), for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The most representative order was Passeriformes with 19 families and 80 species. Among the families that represented a greater number of species was the Tyrannidae with nineteen species followed the families Emberizidae, with 12 species and Icteridae, with 8 species, all of the order Passeriformes. The largest number of individuals occurred in the following species: Zenaida auriculata, Patagioenas picazuro, Zonotrichia capensis and Vanellus chilensis. Ahead of the problems caused to the species of birds, the production model employed in the of microbasin, which provides a reduction in diversity and loss of natural potentialities, more deepened studies on issues related to the use and occupancy of land and conflict areas, like the monitoring of social, economic and environmental impacts of agricultural forestry and grazing activities should be made in order to assist the planning and organization of activities on farms, indicating the areas that should be preserved and not used for production purposes, making the operation the land economically viable, socially fair and environmentally correct. / Este trabalho foi realizado na microbacia hidrográfica das nascentes do rio Ibicuí Mirim, até a barragem Saturnino de Brito, e objetivou estabelecer relações entre a avifauna com os diferentes habitats presentes na área, usando como ferramenta o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), com a finalidade de avaliar a similaridade das espécies de aves em ambiente com mesmas características fitogeográficas, sua abundância e riqueza. Dessa maneira criaram-se mapas temáticos de uso da terra e a analise realizada sobre a fisionomia da microbacia deu sustentação para que fosse possível caracterizá-la conforme os tipo de ambientes, mostrando portanto, que a área de 8.695,20 hectares, está dividida em quatro diferentes habitats : área de Campo (20,61% da área), área Palustre(3,72% da área), área de Mata (18,25% da área), e área de agricultura (57,42% da área), caracterizando uma intensa ação antrópica sobre o meio.Os transectos lineares de mesmas características fisionômicas mostraram-se similares quanto a avifauna encontrada e como resultados do esforço total de 672 horas de coletas, foram registrados 4.828 indivíduos pertencentes a 163 espécies (51 famílias). Desse total, dez são migratórias e uma espécie é vagante (Egretta caerulea), para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo que a ordem mais representativa foi a Passeriformes com 19 famílias e 80 espécies. Dentre as famílias a que ocorreu um maior número de espécies foi a Tyrannidae com dezenove espécies seguida das famílias Emberizidae, com12 espécies e Icteridae, com 8 espécies, todos da ordem Passeriformes. Os maiores números de indivíduos ocorreram nas seguintes espécies: Zenaida auriculata, Patagioenas picazuro, Zonotrichia capensis e o Vanellus chilensis. Diante dos problemas causados às espécies de aves, pelas modelo produtivo empregado na região da microbacia, as quais proporcionam a redução da diversidade e perda de potencialidades naturais, estudos mais aprofundados sobre os temas relacionados ao uso e ocupação da terra e áreas de conflitos, bem como o monitoramento dos impactos sociais, econômicos e ambientais das atividades agrosilvipastoris, deverão ser realizados, a fim de auxiliarem no planejamento e na organização das atividades nas propriedades rurais, indicando as áreas que devem ser preservadas e não utilizadas para fins produtivos , tornando a exploração da terra economicamente viável, socialmente justa e ambientalmente correta.

The diploma thesis deals with measurement of the interior of a parish building and its close surroundings in Čučice. Necessary steps for creating the thematic map and the building documentation are described in this thesis. First the preparatory work was made, which means that ground reconnaissance was made and required equipment and tools were chosen. In the next part the measurements, which include the construction of an auxiliary measuring network, the measurement of the detailed and control points, are described. After the measurement work, the office work followed, the coordinates and the heights of the auxiliary and detailed points were specified. The accuracy of the map according to ČSN 01 3410 was tested. Finally a thematic map in scale 1: 500 and the building drawings in scale 1:50: 1st floor plan, 2nd floor plan, longitudinal and cross-section were created.

Nowadays, information is increasingly presented in the form of various graphic materials. One of the key means of information visualisation is a map. Maps are complex representations and it is necessary to comprehend several cartographic concepts and to acquire skills and strategies for their efficient use. For this reason, it is important to give maps sufficient attention in the course of education. For the education to be of high quality, it is fundamental to understand the process of the map use and factors affecting this process and its successfulness. Therefore, the general purpose of the dissertation thesis is to develop this understanding. Specifically, the thesis has four main aims. One of them is to identify a map skill level of Czech students while using thematic maps since the popularity of thematic maps is increasing together with the number of cartographic insufficiencies they contain. These insufficiencies can inter alia cause a formation of misconceptions both about the maps and phenomena and regions they display. The second main aim is to identify and describe strategies that students choose to solve tasks which require the use of a thematic map. Additionally, the sub-aim is to understand the influence of chosen factors on the level of map skills as well as on choice and efficiency...

The diploma thesis deals with the creation of map bases in the northern part of the Metra areal in Blansko in the form of a thematic map in a scale 1:250. Descriptive information for each element has been added to the map. The thesis describes in detail the process of creating a measuring network, detailed survey, calculations, testing accuracy and creation of a thematic map including descriptive information.

The purpose of the study was to thematically map and describe what motives and factors previous ice hockey women experienced as contributing to their dropout from ice hockey. The study involved 15 interviewees; women aged 17–42 (M = 23.3 SD = 6,8) where all participants previously played ice hockey but have now chosen to quit. In the study, interviews were conducted with all participants and the participants had been active in ice hockey between 3 and 24 years (Average = 13.3). The result was analyzed via a thematic analysis. The results show that the participants experience several different intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints as contributing reasons for terminated sports participation (i.e., negative emotions, low competence, coach's behavior, teammates' behaviors, and financial constraints). To reduce the number of dropouts from sports, federations, clubs, and districts are recommended, among other things, to work to increase coaches' knowledge of psychological and psychosocial aspects to create better and more pleasant environments in women's hockey. This together with strengthening the participants' three basic needs (competence, autonomy & relatedness). Future research in the field is recommended to focus on a broader societal perspective and how it is related to dropouts from sports. / Syftet med studien var att tematiskt kartlägga och beskriva vilka motiv och faktorer tidigare ishockeykvinnor upplevde bidragande till deras avhopp från ishockey. Studien involverade 15 intervjuade; kvinnor i åldrarna 17–42 år (M = 23,3 SD = 6,8) där samtliga deltagare tidigare spelat ishockey men nu har valt att sluta. I studien genomfördes intervjuer med samtliga deltagare och deltagarna hade varit aktiva i ishockey mellan 3 och 24 år (genomsnitt = 13,3). Resultatet analyserades via en tematisk analys. Resultaten visar att deltagarna upplever flera olika intrapersonella, interpersonella och strukturella begränsningar som bidragande orsaker till avslutat idrottsdeltagande (ex. negativa känslor, låg kompetens, tränares beteende,lagkamraters beteende och ekonomiska begränsningar). För att minska antalet bortfall från idrott rekommenderas förbund, klubbar och distrikt bland annat att arbeta för att öka tränarnas kunskap om psykologiska och psykosociala aspekter för att skapa bättre och trevligare miljöer inom damhockey. Detta tillsammans med att stärka deltagarna tre grundläggande behov (kompetens, autonomi och tillhörighet). Framtida forskning inom området rekommenderas att fokusera på ett bredare samhällsperspektiv och hur det är relaterat till bortfall från idrott.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:25:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grazieli_Suszek.pdf: 8578209 bytes, checksum: 412947ba9d6b66d701a0dfec5060f428 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The plant nutritional quality influences directly in juice quality. Therefore it is important the knowledge of its spatial and temporary variation in the orchard for a better application and use of the inputs, larger yield and quality of fruit. This way, input maps can be generated for the best use, providing larger yield and better quality of fruits, reduction of the production cost and environmental impact. The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of soil and plant chemical properties, fruit quality, and orchard yield in Monte Parnaso citrus orchard, by using nutritional sufficiency range and diagnose recommendation integrated system (DRIS). For that, the experiment was driven in an orange-tree orchard (1 ha) of Monte Parnaso variety, located in Nova Laranjeiras/PR. Twenty trees were georeferenced, to collect samples for accomplishment of soil analysis, leaf analysis and quantification of the parameters of fruit quality, in 2009 and 2010. After parameters determination, the results of leaf analysis were evaluated and compared by using sufficiency range and DRIS. For the spatial variability Investigation, it was used the spatial dependence index (IDE) and global correlation of Moran index. The maps were constructed by using geostatistical techniques and compared by using coefficient of relative deviation (CDR). Thus, the sample collection made in branches without fruit (July) presented the best coefficient of determination and the best fit around the trend line for the method DRIS, compared to the samples collected in branches with fruit (January). The ratio (SST/ATT) has better relationship with IBN (nutrient balance index), compared to the productivity and thus presents a better response in the choice of standard population to calculate the DRIS. For the definition of management zones, it is possible to say that the maps were reclassified by DRIS showed best performance since, and greater sensitivity in the diagnosis when compared to bands of sufficiency, which is desirable when seeking to refine the nutritional management. / A qualidade nutricional da planta influencia diretamente na qualidade do suco. Por isso é importante o conhecimento de sua variação espacial e temporal no pomar, para uma melhor aplicação e aproveitamento dos insumos, maior produtividade e qualidade do fruto. Desta forma, mapas podem ser gerados para o melhor aproveitamento de insumos, proporcionando maior produtividade e melhor qualidade dos frutos e redução do custo de produção e do impacto ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade espacial das propriedades químicas do solo e da folha, qualidade do fruto e produtividade em pomar de laranja Monte Parnaso, utilizando faixas de suficiência nutricional e o sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS). Para isso, o experimento foi conduzido em um pomar de laranjeiras (1 ha) da variedade Monte Parnaso, localizado em Nova Laranjeiras/PR. Vinte árvores foram georreferenciadas, visando coletar amostras para a realização da análise de solo, análise foliar e quantificação dos parâmetros de qualidade dos frutos, nos anos de 2009 e 2010. Após a determinação dos parâmetros, os resultados da análise foliar foram avaliados e comparados, utilizando os critérios de faixa de suficiência e o DRIS. Para investigação da variabilidade espacial, utilizou-se o índice de dependência espacial (IDE) e o índice de correlação global de Moran. Os mapas foram construídos utilizando técnicas de geoestatística e comparados através do coeficiente de desvio relativo (CDR). Assim, a coleta de amostras realizadas em ramos sem fruto (julho) apresentou melhor coeficiente de determinação e melhor ajuste em torno da linha de tendência para o método DRIS, quando comparada com a amostragem realizada em ramos com fruto (janeiro). A relação SST/ATT (sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável) apresentou melhor relação com o IBN (índice de balanço nutricional), quando comparado à produtividade e, desta forma, apresenta melhor resposta na escolha da população padrão para o cálculo do DRIS. Para definição das zonas de manejo é possível afirmar que os mapas reclassificados pelo DRIS apresentaram melhor desempenho, visto que mostraram maior sensibilidade no diagnóstico, quando comparados às faixas de suficiência, o que é desejável quando se busca refinar o manejo nutricional.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:48:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grazieli_Suszek.pdf: 8578209 bytes, checksum: 412947ba9d6b66d701a0dfec5060f428 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The plant nutritional quality influences directly in juice quality. Therefore it is important the knowledge of its spatial and temporary variation in the orchard for a better application and use of the inputs, larger yield and quality of fruit. This way, input maps can be generated for the best use, providing larger yield and better quality of fruits, reduction of the production cost and environmental impact. The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of soil and plant chemical properties, fruit quality, and orchard yield in Monte Parnaso citrus orchard, by using nutritional sufficiency range and diagnose recommendation integrated system (DRIS). For that, the experiment was driven in an orange-tree orchard (1 ha) of Monte Parnaso variety, located in Nova Laranjeiras/PR. Twenty trees were georeferenced, to collect samples for accomplishment of soil analysis, leaf analysis and quantification of the parameters of fruit quality, in 2009 and 2010. After parameters determination, the results of leaf analysis were evaluated and compared by using sufficiency range and DRIS. For the spatial variability Investigation, it was used the spatial dependence index (IDE) and global correlation of Moran index. The maps were constructed by using geostatistical techniques and compared by using coefficient of relative deviation (CDR). Thus, the sample collection made in branches without fruit (July) presented the best coefficient of determination and the best fit around the trend line for the method DRIS, compared to the samples collected in branches with fruit (January). The ratio (SST/ATT) has better relationship with IBN (nutrient balance index), compared to the productivity and thus presents a better response in the choice of standard population to calculate the DRIS. For the definition of management zones, it is possible to say that the maps were reclassified by DRIS showed best performance since, and greater sensitivity in the diagnosis when compared to bands of sufficiency, which is desirable when seeking to refine the nutritional management. / A qualidade nutricional da planta influencia diretamente na qualidade do suco. Por isso é importante o conhecimento de sua variação espacial e temporal no pomar, para uma melhor aplicação e aproveitamento dos insumos, maior produtividade e qualidade do fruto. Desta forma, mapas podem ser gerados para o melhor aproveitamento de insumos, proporcionando maior produtividade e melhor qualidade dos frutos e redução do custo de produção e do impacto ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade espacial das propriedades químicas do solo e da folha, qualidade do fruto e produtividade em pomar de laranja Monte Parnaso, utilizando faixas de suficiência nutricional e o sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS). Para isso, o experimento foi conduzido em um pomar de laranjeiras (1 ha) da variedade Monte Parnaso, localizado em Nova Laranjeiras/PR. Vinte árvores foram georreferenciadas, visando coletar amostras para a realização da análise de solo, análise foliar e quantificação dos parâmetros de qualidade dos frutos, nos anos de 2009 e 2010. Após a determinação dos parâmetros, os resultados da análise foliar foram avaliados e comparados, utilizando os critérios de faixa de suficiência e o DRIS. Para investigação da variabilidade espacial, utilizou-se o índice de dependência espacial (IDE) e o índice de correlação global de Moran. Os mapas foram construídos utilizando técnicas de geoestatística e comparados através do coeficiente de desvio relativo (CDR). Assim, a coleta de amostras realizadas em ramos sem fruto (julho) apresentou melhor coeficiente de determinação e melhor ajuste em torno da linha de tendência para o método DRIS, quando comparada com a amostragem realizada em ramos com fruto (janeiro). A relação SST/ATT (sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável) apresentou melhor relação com o IBN (índice de balanço nutricional), quando comparado à produtividade e, desta forma, apresenta melhor resposta na escolha da população padrão para o cálculo do DRIS. Para definição das zonas de manejo é possível afirmar que os mapas reclassificados pelo DRIS apresentaram melhor desempenho, visto que mostraram maior sensibilidade no diagnóstico, quando comparados às faixas de suficiência, o que é desejável quando se busca refinar o manejo nutricional.

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