This study analyzed test scores of economically disadvantaged students who attended two elementary schools implementing different types of Title I models from 1999-2001. Test scores from the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS), the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) and the Stanford Achievement Test (SAT-9) were analyzed. One school implemented the targeted assistance model (less than 50% poverty), which focused resources on students were identified as failing or at risk of failing. The other a schoolwide model (95% poverty), which used resources to help all students in a school regardless of whether they ware failing, at risk of failing, or economically disadvantaged. The quantitative approach was used with a causal comparative design. A cohort of continuously enrolled students was identified for the TAAS (n=169 and 189) and the ITBS/SAT-9 (n=49 and 87). Descriptive statistics such as the frequency, mean, and standard deviation, were used to measure differences on the Texas Learning Index (TLI) for the TAAS, and Normal Curve Equivalent (NCE) on the ITBS/SAT-9. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to partially adjust for preexisting differences among the groups and because randomization was not possible. The independent variable was type of Title I model, targeted assistance or schoolwide. The dependent variable was the achievement measure, and the covariate was the initial achievement scores in third grade (pretest). The ANCOVA reports and descriptive statistics showed that economically disadvantaged students performed better in reading and math on TAAS and ITBS/SAT-9 at the targeted assistance school in 1999 and 2001, with mixed results in 2000. The academic performance of economically disadvantaged students at the targeted model was consistent all three school years. They scored slightly lower than the non-economically disadvantaged students, but higher than their peers at the schoolwide model. The students' third grade pretest score was the most significant predictor of future performance.

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This dissertation identifies institutional positivism and historically grounded pluralism as interpretive trends in the Canadian case law on Indigenous-state relations, and explores tensions between these trends. These are tensions between practices of judicial interpretation, not between theories of interpretation or legal concepts. They are practices developed case- by-case, with interpretive trends emerging over time through series of cases addressing similar issues in related contexts. Institutional positivist approaches insist that judicial recognition of Indigenous legal orders and accommodation of Indigenous interests must take place within established constitutional forms founded on state sovereignty. Historically grounded pluralist approaches show greater willingness to balance principles of state sovereignty against principles of popular sovereignty and of Indigenous priority in Canadian territory. While the two approaches overlap significantly, their differences sometimes lead to contrasting legal conclusions on key issues of, e.g., treaty interpretation, the relationship between Indigenous legal orders and the state legal system, and the jurisdictional dimension of Aboriginal title. This dissertation examines these positivist-pluralist tensions in the context of the current period of ideological transition and rapidly evolving imaginaries of Indigenous-state relations. Chapters 1 and 2 explore the case law to highlight concrete ways in which this ideological transition finds doctrinal expression in both positivist and pluralist modes. Chapters 3 and 4 offer broader reflections on philosophical debates relating to legal positivism and the role of popular sovereignty in constitutional interpretation by Canadian courts. The final chapter then considers the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) in Canadian law, with a focus on implementing legislation recently adopted by British Columbia and on two recent judgments that split the Supreme Court of Canada on the proper role of the Canadian judiciary in coordinating Canadian state law with non-state legal orders (Indigenous in one case and international in the other). This concluding chapter explains how the ongoing interplay of positivist and pluralist concerns will inevitably shape the reception of UNDRIP in Canadian law and the ongoing elaboration of Canadian Aboriginal law more generally. / Graduate / 2022-08-26

This work is a case study of sexual violence at the University of Richmond, which examines the major cases and changes that took place at the university in the period from 2011 to 2021. The topic of sexual violence on American campuses has received much attention prevention in 2011 and the increase in protests against sexual violence in 2017 led to greater public attention, during which students criticized universities for their inaction against perpetrators of sexual assault. In selected cases, this work points to the fact that the University of Richmond has faced several media-known cases of sexual harassment, which has forced it to take steps to increase the prevention of sexual violence on its campus. Furthermore, this study points to the limits of ethical research and restrictions that are associated with research on sexual harassment on American campuses. This made the possibility of agreeing research on campus more difficult and also pointed out that although university academics are aware that the data obtained by the questionnaire would be beneficial to the university, it is not possible for such research to be in charge as a primary research student.

The general objective of this study is to lay out the bases for an assessment of the impact of foreign and local investment on indigenous people in East Africa. For this purpose it will explore the current and systematic practice of violations of human rights as against the obligation of states to promote and to protect human rights and to guarantee effective remedies for victims in cases where those rights have been violated under the international human rights law jurisprudence in an African context. Reveals how State sponsored investments in Maasai traditional land, particularly creation of national parks, game reserves and game controlled areas have changed the way of life of the Maasai as a “people” aggravating their marginalization. / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr Lorite Alejandro of the Department of Law, American University - Cairo Egypt. / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/ / Centre for Human Rights / LLM

À travers l’analyse des témoignages de l’épigraphie et de la statuaire relatifs à l’empereur Trajan, issus des cités des provinces occidentales, notre objectif est de déterminer les différentes formes d’expression d’allégeance et de loyalisme des provinciaux à son égard. La présence de Trajan à travers ces deux formes d’expression privilégiées pour la propagande impériale est très significative. Elle est due à plusieurs facteurs : Trajan est d’abord originaire d’Italica, en Bétique, Il est le premier provincial à prendre le pouvoir à Rome ; ensuite il est qualifié de Meilleur des Princes ; et il fut un grand militaire et un bon administrateur durant un long règne de 19 ans et demi. Aussi lui a-t-on rendu hommage par de nombreux documents épigraphiques, élevés sur les fora des cités provinciales qu’accompagnent des statues, en pied, ou équestre. C’est un prince bien connu aussi dans la littérature et la numismatique. Tous ces témoignages montrent qu’il est le premier empereur dont la titulature va s’enrichir d’attributs divers tout au long de son règne, il est Optimus princeps, le premier Dacicus, le premier Parthicus, mais aussi le premier à avoir porté le titre Proconsul, en dehors de Rome.Cette titulature établie d’abord à Rome puis envoyée dans les provinces constitue une matière d’étude riche et variée qui nous a permis de faire des comparaisons entre les provinces et les cités mêmes. Cela nous a été possible, grâce à un inventaire systématique des recueils épigraphiques, qui a recensé 316 inscriptions le concernant. Cet empereur, a non seulement renouvelé certains aspects dits républicains mais a préservé aussi le modèle augustéen, perceptible à travers sa dénomination dans laquelle Imperator Caesar est cité de manière constante en tête de la séquence impériale. En fait, les innovations de Trajan sont importantes et vont marquer longtemps l’histoire impériale, comme l’inauguration d’un nouveau comput tribunicien fixé au 10 décembre de chaque année, au lieu d’un comput variable marqué tout le premier siècle. Il n’a revêtu le consulat que cinq fois et pendant des périodes très coutres. Par cette pratique, il a redonné au pouvoir impérial son importance ; se présente comme le vrai père pour ses concitoyens, à Rome comme à travers l’empire. En somme, la formula de l’empereur trouve sa physionomie définitive à partir du règne de Trajan.Dans les cités des provinces occidentales, Trajan fut vénéré à travers le monumentum, comme par le texte qui fait corps avec la statue impériale. Cette image double répond d’abord aux exigences de la chancellerie impériale et parfois de l’empereur lui-même. Nombreuses sont les inscriptions qui lui sont dédiées. Elles expriment la reconnaissance des provinciaux, satisfaits de sa politique, source de paix et de prospérité. Les cités occidentales ont accordé une importance particulière à son image impériale et à ses différentes transcriptions liées parfois à un programme édilitaire. Il a bénéficié d’une reconnaissance sans limite par les provinciaux qui lui ont dédié des monuments encore visibles en Afrique, en Ibérie et en Germanies. Ce nouvel empereur, est grand conquérant, bon gouverneur, mais aussi héros (nouveau Diomède), il a plusieurs facettes. La fortune de l’empereur, sous son règne, comme après son décès est considérable. Il fut toujours le modèle du bon prince jusqu’aux époques contemporaines. / Through the analysis of the epigraphic and statuary evidence that relates to emperor Trajan in the cities of the western provinces, my objective is to determine the various forms of expression of allegiance and loyalty of the provincials towards him . The presence of Trajan through these two forms of expression usually privileged for imperial propaganda is very significant. It is due to several factors: Trajan is originally from Italica, in Betic, He is the first provincial to take power in Rome; then he is called Best of Princes; and he was a great soldier and a good administrator during a long reign of 19 years and a half. He was therefore honored by many epigraphic documents erected on the fora of provincial cities, accompanied by statues, on foot, or equestrian. He is a prince well known also in literature and numismatics. All these testimonies show that he is the first emperor whose title will be enriched with various attributes throughout his reign; he is Optimus princeps, the first Dacicus, the first Parthicus, but also the first to have worn the title Proconsul, outside Rome.This imperial title first established in Rome and then sent to the provinces is a rich and varied subject of study to make comparisons between the provinces and the cities themselves. This seems thanks feasible to a systematic inventory of epigraphic books allowing us to list 316 inscriptions mentioning the Emperor Trajan. This emperor not only renewed certain aspects said republicans but also preserved the Augustan model perceptible through its denomination in which Imperator Caesar is quoted constantly at the head of the imperial sequence. But the innovations of Trajan are important and will mark the imperial history for a long time, as the inauguration of a new computary tribune set to 10 December of each year, instead of a variable computary marked the entire first century. He has only been in the consulate five times and for very long periods. By this practice he has restored to imperial power its importance; He presents himself as the true father for his fellow citizens, in Rome as well as throughout the empire. In short, the Emperor's formula finds its definitive appearance from the reign of Trajan.

The diploma thesis focuses on the gender analysis of the contents based on the Mobility's magazine cover pages. The thesis emphasizes the identification of men and women's representations in this magazine. The Mobility magazine was published once a month from the 1999 till 2011. The analysis is conducted on the complete set of the individual cover pages and deals with an interesting development in these representations. The thesis is divided into theoretical and analytical part. The theoretical part is dedicated to media in the connection with its gender theory and power in the society. Furthermore, this part includes theories dealing with the gender representations in advertisement (Goffman, Sztompka, Indruchová). In the analytical part there is a comparison of the mentioned theories with the examined sample. The detailed description of the individual categories identified within this analysis is presented as well. The thesis focuses on the identification of the specific features observed in a given period of Mobility magazine publishing . It describes the methods of patriarchal discourse 's presentation of pictures appeared in the magazine, which is obviously intended for everybody. The analysis of the cover pages' set indicates stereotyped representation of women. In these cases the women are...

The topic of this diploma thesis is the qualification and personality profile of the job title - methodology specialist in the social services in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of this work describes the quality of social services because their setting, evaluation and management are in the spotlight during last few decades. This work deals with the law on social services and with social services quality standards which are the benchmark of quality for these services. The job title methodology specialist in social services is described in detail in the chapter describing social services workers. Conclusion of the theoretical part of this work highlights the importance of human resources for the organization and the importance of the job title description. The practical part of this work is aimed on mapping of competency and personality profile of the job title of current methodology specialists in social services. There are used qualitative research methods specifically semi structured interviews with employees who work in this position. The analysis of gained information gives answers to research questions and creates a picture of competency and personal profile of methodology specialist in the social services field. Key words: Quality, social services, methodology specialist, quality...

A descriptive analysis was given of the characteristics of the authors and citations of the articles in the journal Theological Studies from 1940-1995. Data was gathered on the institutional affiliation, geographic location, occupation, and gender and personal characteristics of the author. The citation characteristics were examined for the cited authors, date and age of the citations, format, language, place of publication, and journal titles. These characteristics were compared to the time-period before and after the Second Vatican Council in order to detect any changes that might have occurred in the characteristics after certain recommendations by the council were made to theologians. Subject dispersion of the literature was also analyzed. Lotka's Law of author productivity and Bradford's Law of title dispersion were also performed for this literature. The profile of the characteristics of the authors showed that the articles published by women and laypersons has increased since the recommendations of the council. The data had a good fit to Lotka's Law for the pre-Vatican II time period but not for the period after Vatican II. The data was a good fit to Bradford's Law for the predicted number of journals in the nucleus and Zone 2, but the observed number of journals in Zone 3 was higher than predicted for all time-periods. Subject dispersion of research from disciplines other than theology is low but citation to works from the fields of education, psychology, social sciences, and science has increased since Vatican II. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of the citations showed that there was no significant change in the age, format and languages used, or the geographic location of the publisher of the cited works after Vatican II. Citation characteristics showed that authors prefer research from monographs published in English and in U.S. locations for all time-periods. Research from the disciplines of education, psychology, science and the social sciences has increased, but authors preferred the use of theological sources for their research more than 70% of the time both before and after the council.

Ce mémoire se concentre sur les génériques d’ouverture et sur les techniques proposées par les concepteurs de ce segment filmique visant à inviter le spectateur à entrer dans la fiction. Cette étude cherche à catégoriser les génériques d’ouverture étudiés selon les éléments montrés à l’écran pour présenter un univers divergent du nôtre. Les films américains contemporains fantastiques sont mis de l’avant afin d’analyser la présentation d’un nouvel univers. À partir de théories et de définitions sur les génériques, l’analyse se développera à l’aide des bases de la sémio-pragmatique de Roger Odin. L’intérêt de cette recherche est de comprendre les opérations effectuées par le générique pour que le spectateur entre dès le départ en phase avec l’œuvre. / This dissertation focuses on the opening credits and the techniques proposed by the designers of this filmic segment to invite the audience into the fiction. This study seeks to categorize the opening credits studied according to the elements shown on the screen to present a universe divergent from our own. Contemporary American fantasy films are put forward to analyze the presentation of a new universe. Starting with theories and definitions of generics, the analysis will be developed using the foundations of Roger Odin's semio-pragmatics. The interest of this research is to understand the operations carried out by the credits so that the spectator can be in phase with the work.