CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O modelo de desenvolvimento pautado pelo turismo de massa adotado principalmente a partir da dÃcada de 1980 no litoral do Nordeste e, mais especificamente, no litoral cearense provocou inÃmeros conflitos com as populaÃÃes locais. Essas clivagens foram a gÃnese dos movimentos de resistÃncia e da mobilizaÃÃo comunitÃria nestas Ãreas. à com este contexto que emerge o turismo comunitÃrio. Tratado por alguns como o verdadeiro turismo sustentÃvel ao trazer a valorizaÃÃo da identidade cultural e a geraÃÃo de benefÃcios diretos à comunidade ao centro do planejamento, o que possibilita dotar de maior poder decisÃrio a prÃpria populaÃÃo local. à desta forma que o principal objetivo do presente estudo se impÃe: a anÃlise do turismo de base e sua gestÃo participativa posto como uma real estratÃgia para se alcanÃar o desenvolvimento sustentÃvel. Foi realizada uma revisÃo do arcabouÃo teÃrico que constrÃi o conceito de sustentabilidade, alÃm do delineamento e correlaÃÃo entre o desenvolvimento do turismo litorÃneo no Cearà e a emergÃncia do turismo comunitÃrio. Para estudo de caso foi escolhida uma comunidade entre 15 comunidades cearenses que desenvolvem o turismo de base. A comunidade da Reserva Extrativista do Batoque, situada no litoral Leste do Estado do CearÃ, participante da Rede Cearense de Turismo ComunitÃrio desde sua fundaÃÃo (2008). Foram confeccionados trÃs questionÃrios semiestruturados envolvendo as principais dimensÃes do desenvolvimento sustentÃvel, especÃficos para as entrevistas com cada grupo (realizadas entre os meses de maio e julho de 2014): populaÃÃo geral (62 famÃlias locais), enfatizando que a abordagem utilizada foi aleatÃria e simples; empreendedores locais (proprietÃrios dos principais equipamentos turÃsticos); lÃderes comunitÃrios e das instituiÃÃes que mantÃm alguma relaÃÃo com a atividade; alÃm de observaÃÃes in loco. A partir dos resultados de campo concluiu-se que o distanciamento das aÃÃes previstas em teoria em relaÃÃo Ãs aÃÃes aplicadas na prÃtica nÃo permite um carÃter sustentÃvel ao turismo desenvolvido pela comunidade do Batoque. Embora, reconheÃa-se que o processo de sustentabilidade à gradativo e o turismo de base possui real potencial de promovÃ-lo a nÃvel local. A falta de institucionalizaÃÃo, a gestÃo desorganizada, a frÃgil articulaÃÃo e participaÃÃo popular durante as decisÃes, a hegemonia de interesses privados, entre outros fatores, dificultam a melhor geraÃÃo e distribuiÃÃo da renda, a formaÃÃo de arranjos produtivos, o melhor manejo dos ecossistemas, alÃm de enfraquecer o interesse da prÃpria populaÃÃo em aderir ao planejamento da atividade. / The development model guided by mass tourism adopted mainly from the 1980s on the northeast coast and, more specifically, in Cearà triggered numerous conflicts with local populations. These divisions were the genesis of the resistance movements and community mobilization in these areas. It is in this context that emerges community tourism. Treated by some as the true sustainable tourism by bringing the value of cultural identity and the creation of direct benefits to the community at the center of planning, which allows give greater decision-making power to local people themselves. This is how the main purpose of this study arises: the analysis of the basic tourism and its participative management as a real strategy for achieving sustainable development. A review of the theoretical framework was carried out building the concept of sustainability, in addition to the design and correlation between the development of coastal tourism in Cearà and the emergence of community tourism. For case study was chosen a community among 15 communities that develop based tourism in CearÃ. The community of Batoqueâs Extractive Reserve, located in the CearÃâs East coast, part of the Community Tourism Network of Cearà since its foundation (2008). We built three semi-structured questionnaires involving the key dimensions of sustainable development, specific to interviews with each group (held between May and July 2014): general population (62 local families), emphasizing that the approach used was random and simple; local entrepreneurs (owners of the main tourist facilities); community leaders and institutions that maintains a relationship with the activity; as well as on-site observations. From the field results it was concluded that the distance of the actions planned in theory about the actions applied in practice does not allow a sustainable nature to the tourism developed by Batoqueâs community. Although it is recognized that the sustainability process is gradual and based tourism has a real potential to promote it locally. The lack of institutionalization, the disorganized management, weak coordination and public participation in decisions, the hegemony of private interests, among other factors, hamper the best generation and distribution of income, the formation of clusters, better management of ecosystems, while weakening the interest of the population to join the planning of the activity.

AA análise multivariada e um conjunto de técnicas que são adequadas para situações onde varias variáveis correlacionadas estão envolvidas. Dentre essas técnicas temos as componentes principais e a analise fatorial. A técnica dos componentes principais reduz a dimensão de uma matriz de dados originais através de combinações lineares facilitando a interpretação desses dados e a analise fatorial que e o nome dado a uma classe de métodos estatísticos paramétricos (e não paramétricos) multivariados que correspondem a um grande numero de métodos e técnicas que utilizam simultaneamente todas as variáveis do conjunto na interpretação do inter-relacionamento das variáveis observadas (COSTA, 2006). O objetivo da analise fatorial e descrever as relações de covariância entre algumas variáveis em algum termo subjacente, mas não observável, de quantidades aleatórias chamadas fatores (JOHNSON e WICHERN, 1998). Biplot e um gráfico estático, desenvolvido por Gabriel (1971), que representa no mesmo gráfico as variáveis o as observações com o intuito de demonstrar graficamente as relações existentes entre variáveis, entre observações e entre variáveis e observações. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo inserir a metodologia de analise biplot tridimensional na técnica de analise fatorial multivariada. Foi usado o software SAS para a realização da analise fatorial e a construção do gráfico biplot e um conjunto de dados para a aplicação do mesmo. O estudo mostra que o gráfico Biplot e um método de analise multivariada de suma importância quando inserido na analise fatorial facilitando e complementando a interpretação dos resultados / Multivariate analysis is a set of techniques that are appropriate for situations where several correlated variables are involved. Among these techniques have the principal components and factor analysis. The technique of principal components reduces the size of an array of original data through linear combinations facilitating the interpretation of these data and factor analysis that is the name given to a class of parametric statistical methods (non parametric) multivariate corresponding to a large number of methods and techniques that use simultaneously all the variables set in the interpretation of the interrelationship of the observed variables (COSTA, 2006). The goal of factor analysis is to describe the covariance relationships between variables in any term underlying, but unobservable, random quantities called factors (Johnson and Wichern, 1998). Biplot is a statistical graph, developed by Gabriel (1971), which represents the in same graph the variables to the observations in order to demonstrate graphically the relationship between variables, between observations and between variables and observations. This paper aims to insert the biplot analysis methodology in three-dimensional technique of multivariate factor analysis. Was used SAS software to perform the factor analysis and construction of the biplot graph and a set of data for the application. The study shows that the graph Biplot is a method of analysis of the utmost importance when inserted in the factor analysis, facilitating and complementing the interpretation of results.

The College Board’s Advanced Placement (AP) Program continues to expand annually with increased numbers of high school students nationwide enrolling in AP courses and taking end-of-course AP exams, in hopes of earning college credit and strengthening high school transcripts. As the College Board promotes increased minority student participation (specifically African-American and Hispanic students) in AP courses, AP teachers face new challenges as potential first-generation college students enter their classrooms with below-level reading scores and a lack of essential critical-thinking skills needed for college-level assessment. The participants in this study are five AP U.S. History Teachers from urban, suburban, and rural Title I high schools. In this inquiry, I explore how their backgrounds and experiences shape their approaches to curriculum and pedagogy in their respective environments. I conducted two separate interviews with each teacher: the first addressed their formative years and educational experiences, while the second focused on their teaching philosophies and how they deliver course content. The data revealed similar instructional practices among the participants, all of whom choose student-centered teaching models to varying degrees to enhance student engagement. This discourse highlights the need for further inquiry into the perspectives of AP teachers in Title I schools to inform future policymaking decisions within schools and school districts to enhance historically marginalized student populations’ college and career opportunities.

This thesis deals with changes in the scope of autonomy of the devisor's will in the period from 1 January 1812 until the present days. Using the descriptive and analytical method and comparative method, the aim of this thesis is to explicate development of individual institutes of the law of succession, by means of which the devisor could or in particular can manifest his/her autonomy. This thesis is divided into five main parts, which are further divided into chapters and subchapters. The first part of the thesis represents an introductory excursus to the issue of the law of succession and the stress is put on basic principles of the law of succession and historical development thereof. The second part deals with manifestations of autonomy of the devisor's will under effectiveness of ABGB. Attention is paid to individual institutes of the law of succession and development thereof, special part deals with a testament as the most important manifestation of the freedom of disposition. Interpretation of individual institutes is presented in particular in the light of the comments and judicature of the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic. The third part deals with manifestations of autonomy of the devisor's will under effectiveness of the Civil Code of 1950. The third part endeavors to describe...

The diploma thesis deals with the principle of material publicity in the context of land law. This principle was reintroduced into the domestic legal system as a part of the recodification of private law. The principle of material publicity (the protection of public good faith) has restored a faith in records in public registers, thereby providing protection to an acquirer in good faith who may acquire a property from a non-entitled person under certain legal conditions. With the adoption of the Civil Code, a case-law dispute between the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court was settled and the principle nemo plus iuris ad ali transferre potest quam ipse habet, which the previous regulation consisted in, was broken. However, the legal effects of material publicity do not work indefinitely, but under certain conditions. A significant part of the thesis is devoted to the explanatory problems associated with them. The crucial condition may be to designate a good faith on the part of the acquirer, which must be assessed in the light of all the circumstances of the case, i.e. objectively. The thesis also includes an analysis of the relevant judicial decisions of the Supreme Court of the Czechoslovak Republic concerning cases in which the good faith of the acquirer was excluded. Due to the absence...

Maditsi is one of the most significant authors in Sepedi literature. He has written various texts, including poetry, short stories and a novelette. He won the first award of the Samuel E Mqhayi prize awarded by the Suid -Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns in 1971, with his poetry book Monamolomo bolela monatsebe o tlo go kwa. His exceptional writing proficiency have been recognised by a scholar such as Thobakgale (1996: 6), who writes: (Maditsi) could be called the leading author of the development of Sepedi short stories, because his short stories, namely Mogologolo (1970), Monyane (1974) and Dipheko (1985) are of high standard as compared to the initial ones as they have raised the standard of Sepedi short stories. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse Maditsi’ s short story ‘Pheko ya pula’ from the anthology Dipheko, as a traditional short story, with special reference to two levels, namely content and plot. When analysing ‘Pheko ya pula’, two strategies have been chosen, namely ‘to define’and ‘to intepret’. The reason is because in this research there are terms such as journey, patronage, etc, that require definition, as well as ideas (characters, events, design, title, theme, topic, technique, conflict and others) that require interpretation and are related to the topic. Furthermore, the model used in this investigation was the adapted narratological model developed by Groenewald (1993) and Mojalefa (1997). This model differ from older models developed by narratologists such as Genette (1980) and Strachan (1988), because it emphasizes that when one discusses content, topic is important. When plot structure is examined, theme is highlighted, and when style is investigated, atmosphere plays a very important role. With regard to the content level, it was revealed that content consists of four elements, namely characters, events, time and place. Furthermore, it was also discovered that characters are subdivided into two categories, namely main and minor characters. These major characters are kind- hearted person and quarrelsome person and they are described according to the following index: intention, patronage, resistance, assistance and patronised. In the short story ‘Pheko ya pula’, the kind-hearted person is Potego, while the quarrelsome person is Mathoma, because he opposes Potego’s kindness. If this text is read and studied intensively the reader realises that the assistance of the quarrelsome person, Mathoma is the resistance of the kind-hearted person, Potego, and vice versa. Events can be classified into two categories, namely essential and other events. The essential events are further subdivided into three categories, namely first, middle and last events. The concept of time at the content level is explained in terms of three categories, namely narratological time, historical time and indefinite time. Place is divided into two categories: the physical place where events occur and indefinite place. In analysing plot structure, three elements are important, namely theme, design and title, because theme links the events of the plot of ‘Pheko ya pula’. Title plays a significant role in distinguishing the name of the literary text and design identifies the type of literary work. Four phases of plot, namely exposition, development, climax and denouement, have also been examined as pillars of the literary text. In the exposition phase, the first conflict (local witchdoctors refused to find the rain charm for the Puding community) is discussed in terms of the following techniques: contrast, foreshadowing, naming, focus, repetition and others. Sequence of events, flashback, symbol and other techniques were used in the development. In the climax, the author used cycle, repetition and other techniques, while in the denouement he used flashback and foreshadowing. In conclusion, this research has also examined the way Maditsi has used the journey as a technique in Sepedi literature, because ‘Pheko ya pula’ is based on a journey from the beginning to the end. The author has used this important technique with consummate skill. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / African Languages / unrestricted

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-28T11:36:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 leonicebarbaraderezende.pdf: 1068269 bytes, checksum: 46cfe1cbaa310a0fb66a676ba12fb751 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-28T13:35:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 leonicebarbaraderezende.pdf: 1068269 bytes, checksum: 46cfe1cbaa310a0fb66a676ba12fb751 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T13:35:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leonicebarbaraderezende.pdf: 1068269 bytes, checksum: 46cfe1cbaa310a0fb66a676ba12fb751 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-10 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O resgate histórico da Psicologia, enquanto campo de estudo e atuação profissional, está diretamente relacionada à história de nosso país. Como pudemos ver a preocupação com a formação de profissionais de Psicologia não é recente, com estudo que data de 1975. E desde então diversos autores têm apontado uma insatisfação de alunos com seus cursos de graduação, indicando para uma insuficiência dos mesmos, em formar profissionais críticos e capazes de exercer uma prática fundamentada nos avanços da ciência psicológica. Sendo assim a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal entender como a formação, a partir da perspectiva dos egressos do curso de Psicologia da UFJF - MG, formados há, no máximo três anos, contribuiu para a atuação destes profissionais em diversas áreas deste campo de conhecimento, e a partir daí, levantar os aspectos positivos e negativos da formação em questão. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa à luz da Fenomenologia. Participaram da pesquisa oito psicólogas formadas por esta instituição, com idades entre 23 a 26 anos. A experiência na área de atuação variou de seis meses a dois anos. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista, contendo cinco perguntas disparadoras. A parir da análise dos significados da vivência pode-se concluir: que grande parte das profissionais avaliam positivamente sua formação, dentre os problemas apresentados temos como destaque a pouca diversidade de teorias e áreas contempladas na formação. Os dados indicam que mudanças são necessárias na estrutura do curso, a fim de que se oportunize uma maior diversidade teórico prática durante a formação. / The historical review of psychology as a field of study and professional practice, is directly related to the history of our country. As we can see, the concern with the professional Psychology training is not recent, with a study dating from 1975. And from then many authors have pointed students dissatisfaction with their graduation courses, indicating perform their failure to form critical professionals and able to perform a reasoned practice based on the advances of psychological science. Therefore the present study aimed to understand how the formation, from the perspective of students who graduated in Psychology at UFJF - MG graduated at the latest three years, contributed to the work of these professionals in various areas of this field of knowledge and from there raise the positive and negative aspects of the formation in question. Therefore, a qualitative approach in the light of the Phenomenology was performed. Eight psychologists formed by this institution participated in the survey, aged 23-26 years. The experience at this area ranged from six months to two years. For data collection, a structured interview was used containing five triggering questions. From the analysis of the meanings of the experience we can conclude: that most professionals positively evaluate their training, among the problems presented we have highlighted a little diversity of theories and areas covered in the training. The data indicate that changes are needed in the course structure in order to have the opportunity to practice a greater theoretical diversity during training.

abstract: Biases have been studied in many legal contexts, including sexual assault cases. Sexual assault cases are complex because there are many stages that biases can come into play and have lasting effects on the rest of the case proceedings. One aspect that has not been widely explored is how people perceive institutions’ liability in sexual assault cases based on an obligation to create non-discriminating environments for members and employees according to laws like Title VII and Title IX. The current project focused on how and why cognitive biases affect laypeople’s judgment. Specifically, laypeople’s ability to discern the strength of evidence in civil sexual assault cases against institutions. This was addressed in a series of two studies, with samples collected from Prolific Academic (n = 90) and Arizona State University students (n = 188) for Study 1 (N = 278), and Prolific Academic in Study 2 (N = 449). Both studies used Latin-square design methods, with within and between subject elements, looking at how confirmation bias influenced decisions about whether an institution demonstrated negligence, and thus liability, in the way they responded to sexual assault allegations within their institution. Results from these studies suggest that jurors are overall accurately able to differentiate between weak and strong cases. However, consistent with previous literature, jurors may be susceptible to confirmation bias from outside information (e.g., news stories) and negatively influenced by their personal attitudes (e.g., rape myth acceptance). Given the increased attention of the Me Too movement, these results provide an initial insight into how individuals may be judging these types of cases against institutions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Law and Psychology 2020

The increasing cultural diversity in the United States has brought not only richness, but also complex challenges, to various segments of American society, particularly with regard to public schools. As the student population continues to diversify while teacher population remains predominately White, female, and middle class, teacher awareness in the classroom might be an integral piece to assist students marginalized by stereotypes in feeling more empowered in the school community. Through qualitative data collection and analysis, and framed by Basil Bernstein’s language code theory, this study explored teachers’ perceptions of how classroom interactions, in light of differences in communication, might impact students of different socio-economic backgrounds from the teacher. The findings of this study indicated that the participants expressed a desire to connect with all of their students, regardless of their background. They also discussed challenges that made relationships difficult, such as feelings of disconnect from their Title I students and their families based on differences in home life and background. This dissonance was often difficult for the participants to reconcile due to pressures and difficulties in their teaching situations, such as the large number of students and the scheduling of classes, curricular pressures, and other district expectations such as after-school ensembles. Implications for practicing music teachers and teacher education include ways to understand students’ communities and rethinking ways of approaching relevant terminology in education.

The 2007-2008 school year marked the first year Florida's Title I schools that did not made Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) for five consecutive years entered into restructuring as mandated by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. My study examines the perceptions of teachers entering into their first year of school restructuring due to failure to achieve AYP. Four research questions guided my inquiry: What are the perceptions of teachers regarding their school's failure to make Adequate Yearly Progress? What are the understandings of teachers regarding the restructuring process? What are the perceptions of teachers regarding the restructuring process? In what ways have their perceptions of the restructuring process changed their reading instruction? The purpose of this study is to gain insight into teachers' perceptions of AYP and its restructuring consequences. I applied grounded theory, ethnography as a research tool, and critical discourse analysis as a research tool to this organizational case study. Twelve teachers from Star Elementary School, a rural Title I elementary school, served as participants. I collected data using field notes, semi-structured interviews, and surveys. I collected data for a total of 148.25 hours over a period of 31 days at Star Elementary School. My analysis of the data revealed while teachers placed blame on students, parents, and policy makers, they also looked inwardly to their own shortfalls and contributions to AYP failure. Teachers understood the specific consequences related to AYP failure and demonstrated an understanding of data analysis of their student state test scores. Teachers did not demonstrate an understanding that NCLB (2001) allows for teachers to be part of the decision-making process regarding curriculum and instruction at their school. Teachers also reported decreased authority and autonomy due to Star's failure to make AYP. My research supports the Restructuring Inverse Impact Theory: consequences of NCLB's (2001) reform mandates intended to enhance student achievement may negatively impact that achievement due to the undermining of teacher efficacy.