Darbo pradžioje iškelta hipotezė patvirtina: pirkimo (pardavimo) sutarties sąlyga, kad nuosavybės teisė į pristatytas prekes išlieka pardavėjui tol, kol už jas nebus pilnai apmokėta, Lietuvos teisėje išlaiko nuosavybės teisę į daiktus (pardavėjas turi teisę reikalauti grąžinti prekes iš pirkėjo; trečiosioms šalims pardavėjo teisė atgauti prekes negalioja), tačiau nesuteikia teisės tiesiogiai iš perpirkėjo reikalauti piniginių lėšų. Hipotezė patvirtinta remiantis, kad: 1. Pagal LR CK, parduodant daiktus išsimokėtinai (kreditan), nuosavybės teisė į parduodamus daiktus išlieka pardavėjui tol, kol pirkėjas nesumoka visos sutartyje numatytos kainos, jeigu sutartyje nenumatyta kitaip; 2. Teisė reikalauti prekių iš trečio asmens galima perduodant įkeistą daiktą, tokį perdavimą (įkeitimą)registruojant hipotekoje; 3. Sutarties su nuosavybės teisės išlaikymo sąlyga registravimas viešame registre suteikia pardavėjui teisę panaudoti pirkimo pardavimo sutartį išsimokėtinai prieš trečiuosius asmenis, tačiau toks registravimas neatitinka LR CK numatytų įkeitimo sąlygų; Sutarties su nuosavybės teisės išlaikymo sąlyga registravimas, neatitinkančios įkeitimo sutarties registravimo formalių, tačiau imperatyvių procedūrų, nesuteiks pardavėjui pirmumo teisės prieš kitus kreditorius pirkėjo bankroto atveju; 4. Registruotos pirkimo pardavimo išsimokėtinai sutarties su nuosavybės teisės išlaikymo sąlygos panaudojimo prieš trečiąsias šalis pirkėjo bankroto atveju precedento Lietuvos teismų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Retention of title clause (also called a Romalpa clause in some jurisdictions) is a provision in a contract for the sale of goods that the title to the goods remains vested in the seller until certain obligations (usually payment of the purchase price) are fulfilled by the buyer. The main purposes of such clauses are to ensure that where goods are supplied on credit, if the buyer subsequently goes into bankruptcy, the seller can repossess the goods. Title retention clauses are often seen as a natural extension of the credit economy; where suppliers are expected to sell goods on credit, there is a reasonable expectation that if they are not paid they should be able to repossess the goods. Nonetheless, in a number of jurisdictions (as we will se, in Lithuania also), insolvency regimes or credit arrangement regimes prevent title retention clauses from being enforced where doing so would upset the administering of the regime. Although conceptually very simple, retention of title clauses have become increasingly widely drafted, which has resulted in the courts in a number of countries striking down the clauses, or recharacterising them as the grant of a security interest. Although EU directive for late payments creates obligation for member states to enforce such provision in national law systems, effect of the retention of title clauses vary from country to country. Hypothesis of this work was that the retention of a title clause in a agreement does not give the title for the... [to full text]

Part One of this project examines a group of piano pieces that bear the title sonata-fantasy or fantasy-sonata. While much has been written about quasi-sonata fantasies and quasi-fantasies of the Romantic period, the sonata/fantasy hybrid works of the following era have largely been a neglected area in music research. The purpose of this document is to fill this void and provide an introductory study of these works. The introductory chapter includes a list of sonata-fantasies and fantasy-sonatas I have found in U.S. libraries. The next two chapters outline the history of the fantasy as a genre and its relationship to the sonata up to the mid-nineteenth century: while the two were generally viewed as two contrasting genres in the eighteenth century, their boundaries gradually began to disappear in the early nineteenth century. Six works selected for detailed analysis in this project are Joachim Raffs Fantasie-Sonate, op.168; Alexander Scriabins Sonate Fantaisie, op.posth. and Sonata No.2 (Sonate-Fantaisie), op.19; Joaquin Turinas Sonata Fantasia, op.59; Anatoly Nikolayevich Aleksandrovs Piano Sonata No.11 Sonata Fantasia, op.81; and George Rochbergs Sonata-Fantasia. The final chapter summarizes the analyses of the selected works and explores explanations for the emergence of pieces bearing the sonata/fantasy compound titles. Part Two of this project consists of program notes for the repertoire used in fulfilling the performance requirements of the D.M.A. degree. The following works are individually discussed in this section: Piano Trio No. 28 in D Major, Hob. XV: 16 by Franz Joseph Haydn; Piano Trio in D Major, No. 70 no. 1, Ghost by Ludwig van Beethoven; Piano Trio No. 2 in C Minor, op.66 by Felix Mendelssohn; Prelude in D Major, BWV925 by Wilhelm Friedmann Bach(?); Sonata in G Major, op.78 (D.894) by Franz Schubert; Klavierstcke, op.118 by Johannes Brahms; Rain Tree Sketch for piano (1982) by Toru Takemitsu; Los Requiebros by Enrique Granados; and Concerto in G Major for Piano and Orchestra by Maurice Ravel.

Sexual assault among college students in the US has prompted debate about how to prevent and punish such crimes. Under Title IX and the 2011 Dear Colleague Letter from the Office for Civil Rights, universities are required to undertake the prevention, investigation, and punishment of sexually violent offenses on college campuses. However, the vast majority of victims do not report their assaults, whether on campus or to the police. The current study investigated the effect of victim reporting on perceptions of sexual assault. Two undergraduate samples, one from a small liberal arts college (n = 197) and another recruited using Amazon Mechanical Turk (n = 56), were randomly assigned to read a vignette of an alleged sexual assault including one of four reporting conditions: no reporting, reporting to on-campus administrators, reporting to law enforcement, or reporting both on campus and to law enforcement. Outcome measures included whether the participant believed an assault had taken place, measures of victim and perpetrator culpability, and scales measuring the extent to which the participant accepts rape myths (RMA) and believes in a just world (JWB). Results failed to demonstrate an effect of victim reporting type, but did find a significant effect of gender such that males blamed the victim more and were less likely to believe an assault had taken place than females. RMA also mediated this relationship, such that the effect of gender on perceptions was accounted for by differences in RMA. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Federal law requires institutions to designate campus-based administrators to oversee Title IX processes and investigations, but little is known about how these have been professionally prepared for their roles. The purpose of this study was to understand the professional preparation, educational experiences, and professional training of Title IX administrators and to understand their independence in decision-making in those roles. This study utilized qualitative content analysis and a social constructionist approach to analyze data generated from interviews and document analysis. Sixteen current and former Title IX administrators (investigators, deputy coordinators, coordinators) provided their perspectives on their professional training and development. Using frameworks of work/professional socialization and professions theory, findings illustrated complex systems for knowledge acquisition, professional preparation, and professional socialization based on factors including resources, institutional context, and role prioritization. Participants' formal education, formative experiences, position-specific training, and professional organizations training all served as preparation for their roles. Discussion focused on implications for graduate programs, training and trainers, institutions and supervisors, the field of higher education, and current Title IX practitioners regarding professional preparation for these roles.

Rights to possess and/or use the foreshore of New Zealand are not clear, and are even cloudier in relation to Maori freehold land that is on the coast. This thesis investigates the law pertaining to rights in the foreshore, and the facts pertaining specifically to the use of the Otakou Maori Reserve foreshore. In particular, the research question is this: what does aboriginal title mean in 1996 for Otago Maori? Examining the legal issues, searching individual titles and gathering oral history are the methods used to answer this question. First, the law. In New Zealand the Crown is prima facie the absolute owner of the foreshore. This can be displaced by proof to the contrary. The doctrine of aboriginal title recognises the legal continuity of tribal property rights upon the Crown�s acquisition of sovereignty over their territory. Aboriginal title can be divided into two categories - territorial and non-territorial. Territorial title represents a tribal claim to full ownership, and non-territorial title to rights that are less than absolute ownership, such as the right to cross land, to fish and to collect flora and fauna. It is this doctrine of aboriginal title as it relates to the foreshore that can displace the Crown�s absolute ownership of the foreshore. Second, the facts. 99% of the coastal land parcels of Otakou Maori Reserve are described in written documentation as to the line of mean high water. This 99% is made up 17% Maori freehold land, 49% general land and 33% vested in the Crown or the Dunedin City Council. The remaining 1% is Maori freehold land that does not have its boundary at mean high water, but has a fixed upland boundary. Oral history facts from the takatawhenua identify that the foreshore continues to be used for access, travel, and the collection of kai moana and sea resources. The findings reveal that Kai Tahu ki Otakou have never extinguised their territorial and non-territorial aboriginal title to the foreshore of Otakou Maori Reserve. Suggested areas for future research include an investigation of other Maori reserves in Otago, and examining the doctrine of aboriginal title as it relates to the beds of watercourses.

Thesis (M.Geo.Sc.)--University of Melbourne, Dept. of Geomatics, 2001. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-135).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2006. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Arts. Bibliography: p. 437-452.

L’ambition de François Rastier est d’unifier le mot, la phrase et le texte au sein d’une sémantique interprétative coordonnée en paliers textuels micro, méso et macrosémantiques. L’œuvre en tant que totalité signifiante se définit par la somme de ses parties, et le titre par la somme de ses traits (morphèmes, lexies, sémèmes, etc.). Pour cette thèse que nous présentons sur les interactions sémantiques entre titres et œuvres, il s’agit de rechercher la production, la dissémination, la propagation / distribution des traits sémantiques et tensifs impliqués par le titre. La nécessité étant de comprendre du point de vue textuel le sens des sémèmes. Nous exploitons donc la sémantique interprétative de François Rastier et la sémiotique tensive de Claude Zilberberg comme cadres théoriques en analysant le titre d’un texte comme une condensation ou groupement structuré de sèmes. Notre hypothèse de travail étant que le titre est un interprétant pour l’œuvre. L’interprétant, ce sont des données (savoirs) sémiotiques qui permettent de construire une interprétation. Le titre permet d’actualiser, de virtualiser ou de changer le degré de saillance de l’œuvre. On se demande en problématique comment les sèmes d’un titre sont générés dans les unités de complexité comme le corpus ? Quels sèmes des titres sont inhérents / afférents, actualisés / virtualisés, spécifiques / génériques et quels sont les degrés de systématicité (idiolectal, relations réflexives, transitives et semi-symboliques) qui les structurent ? / The ambition of Francis Rastier is to unify word, sentence and text into an interpretive semantics structured in micro, meso and macro semantic levels. A literary work is defined as a totality of meaning, and its title as lots of features (morphemes, lexical and semantic features). In this thesis on semantic interactions between title and literary work, the aim is to study the production, the dissemination, spread /distribution of semantic and tensive features involved by the title. To understand the meaning of semantic features in a textual point of view, we choose Zilberberg theorical frames. The title is considered as a condensation of a structured organization of semantic features. We work on the hypothesis that the title is one of the interpretants of a literary work. Those interpretants give semiotic information on interpretation. The title allows actualize, virtualize and change the saliency level. The question is how semes of the title are generated as units in a complex and holistic corpus? Which semes of the title are inherent/afferent, actualized/virtualized, specific/generic and what are their systematic structuring levels (idiolectal, reflexive or transitive relations, semi-symbolism)?

This thesis is concerned with the doctrine of title by possession and the doctrine of relative title. Many property lawyers believe that these doctrines are elementary, important and interesting. But, while virtually everyone accepts that possession of land or chattels is a source of title and that titles are relative, the doctrines have long been a focus of debate. The nature of possession, the nature of the possessor's title, and the relationships between possession, relative title and ownership have been particularly contentious. Accordingly, this thesis seeks to provide sound answers to the following questions: (1) what, in this context, is possession? (2) What is the nature of the title that is acquired by taking possession of land or chattels? (3) Does English law recognise landownership and chattel-ownership?-and, if it does, is a person who acquires, by virtue of his or her possession, a title to land or chattels the (or an) owner of the land or chattels? It is argued in Chapter 2 that, for the purposes of the doctrine of title by possession, the general rule is that a person is in possession of land or chattels if and only if she has: (i) a sufficient degree of exclusive physical control; and (ii) an intention to possess. Chapters 3-5 are concerned with the second question. It is argued that, upon obtaining possession, a person acquires, in cases involving land, an estate in fee simple absolute in possession and, in cases involving chattels, a general property interest. Chapter 6 is concerned with the third question. It is argued that English law does recognise landownership and chattel-ownership; and that a person who acquires a title by obtaining possession of land or chattels owns the land or chattels if her title is supreme but not if it is inferior.

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the impact of a Title I Comprehensive Plan on factors that affect the learning and the success of a Title I school, such as administrative support, student discipline, parental engagement, professional development, class size, and attendance. Annual District Parent and Teacher Surveys, INow attendance reports, INOW discipline reports, ACT Aspire Testing data, and Ident-A-Kit school signature documents were analyzed and observations were made in order to acquire information concerning the success of the Title One Comprehensive Plan in a Title I school. This type of research involves emerging questions and procedures, data analysis inductively building from particulars to general themes, and the researcher interpreting the data (Creswell, 2008). The results of this study aims to influence and assist school leaders and teachers’ efforts to promote students’ academic success within Title I environments. The findings from this research will provide teachers, students and educational leaders with an opportunity for understanding how students in Title I identified school succeed. One elementary school in the eastern region of the United States was used in the study. This school is pre-kindergarten through fifth school that has been a Title I for several years. The school serves over 750 students. The time frame for this research project was two months. The findings of this study add supporting evidence to the influence of the independent variables. The results of this study show that the researcher identified four dominant themes that appeared during the study. Professional development, student attendance, class size, and high expectation on student achievement were the common themes that support the importance of the independent variables on factors that have an impact on the success of the Title I Comprehensive Plan on a Title I school.