An increasing global tourism offers great opportunities for Sweden as a tourist destination. However, an attractive destination requires competitive destination marketing strategies. Tourist destinations often include a complex network of stakeholders of small and large en-terprises that represent both the public and private sector. One condition for successful des-tination marketing is that all of these stakeholders collaborate in their marketing to create an integrated and powerful image. Another important aspect in terms of increasing the des-tinations competitiveness is that the local tourist companies are "export-oriented", in order to ensure that international tourists are looked after appropriately. This study has focused on the destination marketing of Stockholm. The aim of the study was to find out to what extent the local tourist companies collaborate in their marketing, how "export-oriented" their marketing is, and who ultimately controls the tourism development of the destination. The organisation in charge of coordinating the destination marketing of Stockholm is the local government organisation Stockholm Visitors Board (SVB). We interviewed them plus six local tourism companies to study if and how they collaborate in their marketing. The study showed that some of the smaller businesses felt excluded from the marketing activities due to lack of financial resources. SVB also has a product that competes with a product of a pri-vate tourist company. This result has a negative effect on SVB’s reputation as being the offi-cial representative of Stockholm, and leads to a more fragmented destination marketing. For SVB to change this negative image they need to build good relationships with the local tour-ist companies and adjust their pricing policy so that the smaller companies can participate in their marketing activities. The local tourist companies did however participate in other forms of marketing collaborations, which is a first step toward more integrated destination marketing. Some companies were more "export-oriented" than others, which mean that the foreign tourists are subject to varying standards of service. Despite this, the majority displayed an awareness of their role on the destination; that they together with other tourism companies form the "tourist product" that is Stockholm. Nonetheless, more thorough market research is needed to learn more about what foreign tourists want and expect from their visit to Stockholm. In that way Stockholm as a destination can become more competitive interna-tionally. We also interviewed the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth (Tillväxtverket), which is the public authority responsible for the tourism industry, in order to find out who is in charge of the tourism development of the destination. We found that the tourism devel-opment of Stockholm is purely market driven. This can have a negative effect on sustainabil-ity issues. Our proposal for future research is therefore to examine which are the mecha-nisms that drive the development and how one can secure a sustainable tourism develop-ment without centralized control.

The primary goal of this study was to determine the factors that have an influence on the development and expansion of domestic tourism in South Africa. Three objectives were derived from the primary research goal. In the first instance, domestic tourism and the role it plays was analysed by conducting a literature study on all the available constructs as well as the concept of domestic tourism. The second objective was to analyse domestic tourism in the different provinces (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, since after all, it is the function of the provinces to promote domestic tourism). The third objective focused on the results of an empirical study. In July 2003 two hundred questionnaires were e-mailed and faxed. 108 replies were received. Aspects covered by the questionnaire included obstacles to tourism, opportunities, tendencies, trends, growth and the key success factors of domestic tourism. The survey was directed at all involved in tourism planning and management: in the public and private sector, as well as specialists from the national, provincial and local authorities. As far as the private sector is concerned, specialists from hotel groups, like Sun International and Southern Sun, as well as tour operators, such as Springbok, Atlas and Welcome Tours, and organisations, like The South African Tourism Service Association (SATSA), Federated Hospitality Association of South Africa (FEDHASA) and Association of South African Travels Agents (ASATA), were approached. The purpose of the research was to shed light on what South Africa can do to advance domestic tourism. It also attempted to elucidate the role the government and product owners should play on various levels. From responses to the questionnaire it became clear that domestic products are offered at competitive prices. Product owners, however, have to guard against too high prices. Product owners are to know their markets and understand current industry needs to market products more effectively. / Thesis (M.A. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuota alternatyvaus turizmo formų: kultūros, socialinio, kaimo, sveikatos, urbanistinio turizmo ir urbanistinio turizmo raida Lietuvoje, iškeltos šių sričių problemos bei pateikti siūlymai, kaip šias problemas spręsti. Pirmoje darbo dalyje teoriniu aspektu tiriamas alternatyvus turizmas, pateikiama alternatyvaus turizmo ir 6 svarbiausių jo formų samprata. Antroje dalyje nagrinėjama alternatyvaus turizmo situacija ES ir Lietuvos turizmo sektoriuose, išskiriant problemas, su kuriomis susiduria nagrinėjamos 6 alternatyvaus turizmo formos, analizuojamos ir vertinamos pokyčių, vykstančių alternatyvaus turizmo srityje tendencijos. Trečioje dalyje analizuojama alternatyvaus turizmo raida ES ir LR teisės aktuose, išskiriamos daugiausiai Lietuvoje ir ES valdžios institucijų dėmesio sulaukusios alternatyvaus turizmo formos. Ketvirtoje dalyje nagrinėjamas Lietuvos turizmo ekspertų požiūris į kultūrinį, socialinį, kaimo, sveikatos, urbanistinį turizmą ir ekoturizmą. / Master’s thesis analysis following forms of alternative tourism: culture tourism, social tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism, health tourism and urban tourism development in Lithuania bringing the main problems and providing suggestions solve these issues. In the first part of thesis alternative tourism and 6 most commonly used forms of alternative tourism are studied in theoretical aspect. The second part examines alternative tourism in EU tourism sector and Lithuania, highlighting the problems and main trends 6 forms of alternative tourism are facing. The third part contains analysis development of alternative tourism forms in EU and Lithuania official tourism authorities documents. In the fourth part of thesis Lithuanian tourism expert’s approach is analyzed of the following forms of alternative tourism: culture tourism, social tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism, health tourism and urban tourism.

Išanalizuota ir įvertinta Lietuvos ir Lenkijos atvykstamojo turizmo raida 2000- 2007m., užsienio turistų srautai, apgyvendinimo paslaugų paklausa, turistų tikslai ir kelionių transporto pasirinkimas, turistų išlaidos ir šalių turizmo pajamos, iškeltos atvykstamojo turizmo problemos bei pateikti jų sprendimo siūlymai.paskutinėje darbo dalyje buvo atliktos 2008- 2015metų Lietuvos ir Lenkijos turizmo raidos prognozės. / In the final master work Lithuanian and Poland arriving tourism development in years 2000 - 2007was analyzed and evaluated, as well as foreign tourism streams, accomodation service demand, tourist objectives and tourtransportation choise, tourist expenditure and the tourism revenue.

Darbo objektas – Religinis turizmas Lietuvoje. Probleminis (tiriamasis) klausimas: Kokios religinio turizmo plėtros galimybės Lietuvos turizmo rinkoje? Tyrimo tikslas: Ištirti religinio turizmo plėtros galimybes Lietuvos turizmo rinkoje. Rašant darbą buvo išsikelti keturi uždaviniai, kad išanalizuoti religinio turizmo sampratų kaitą ir religinio turizmo vietą Lietuvos turizmo rinkoje buvo atlikta mokslinė ir statistinių duomenų analizė. Išanalizuotos religinio turizmo galimybės Lietuvoje, uždaviniui įgyvendinti buvo tiriamas kelionių organizatorių požiūris i religinio turizmo galimybes Lietuvoje. Atlikto teorinio ir empirinio tyrimo pagrindu sudarytas holistinis religinio turizmo plėtros Lietuvoje modelis, kuris atskleidžia veiksnius, įtakojančius religinio turizmo plėtrą. Tyrimo organizavimas: Statistikos departamento duomenimis Lietuvoje 2008 metais buvo 282 turizmo organizacijos, iš jų 50 turizmo organizacijų užsiima atvykstamuoju, 39 vietiniu ir atvykstamuoju turizmu ir 193 išvykstamuoju turizmu. Šiam tyrimui tinkamos tik tos turizmo įmonės, kurios organizuoja vietinį ir atvykstamąjį turizmą, t.y. 89. Kiekybinį tyrimą sudarė septyni etapai. Viso tyrime dalyvavo 33- trys kelionių organizatoriai. Praktinis pritaikomumas- apibendrinti tyrimo rezultatai, bei sukurtas religinio turizmo plėtros modelis, bus išsiųsti visoms įmonėms , kurios dalyvavo tyrime ir pageidavo gauti apibendrintą informaciją. Rezultatai bus pristatyti Lietuvos turizmo asociacijos, vienijančios Lietuvos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Thesis object – Religious tourism in Lithuania . Problem question: What are the potentials of religious tourism development in Lithuanian tourism market? Study objective: To explore the potentials of religious tourism development in Lithuanian tourism market. In order to analyze the vicissitude of the concept of religious tourism and the place of religious tourism in Lithuanian tourism market four tasks were set and the analysis of the scientific and statistical data was carried out. In order to analyze the potentials of religious tourism development in Lithuania and propose the practical recommendations to business representatives, travel agent attitude was studied. Study organization: According to the Department of Statistics, there were 282 tourism organizations in Lithuania in 2008, of which 50 were practicing the inbound, 39 local and inbound tourism and 193 outbound tourism. Only 89 companies which organize local and inbound tourism qualified for this study. The quantitative study consisted of seven stages. 33 tour organizers took part in the study. Practical application – the summary of results will be sent directly to the companies which took part in the study and requested general study information. The results will be presented to D. Mažeikaitė, the president of the Lithuanian tourism association, unifying the Lithuanian tour organizers. Conclusions: According to the scientific literature, religious tourism is a separate branch of tourism which attends... [to full text]

Tourism plays a vital role in the success and sustainability of the wine industry in Kentucky. In order for the wine tourism industry to be successful in Kentucky, it is essential to continue to find ways to attract visitors to Kentucky wineries. Networking with competitors and other tourism industry stakeholders can be a successful way for winery owners to attract visitors to wineries; however, literature demonstrates that winery owners often need incentive to do so. This research explores the economic impacts of tourism on Kentuckys wineries that network with competitors and tourism industry stakeholders and those that do not. It is determined that those wineries that network, experience increased profitability and growth in sales and consequently, a growth in tourism activities to their winery. Implications related to government and winery owners for the sustained growth of wine tourism in Kentucky are included.

Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama Zarasų rajono kaimo turizmo sodybų siūlomų paslaugų įvarovė ir nustatomos paslaugų vystymo galimybės Zarasų rajone. Kaimo turizmo tema aktuali praktikai tuo, kad Zarasų rajone gausu gamtinių ir kultūrinių išteklių siūlant atitinkamas paslaugas. Pirmoje darbo dalyje teoriniu aspektu nagrinėjama turizmo samprata, turizmo klasifikacija, turizmo plėtra, ekonominė nauda regionui, kaimo turizmo esmė, raida ir ypatumai, paslaugų vystymo galimybės. Antroje darbo dalyje pristatoma metodologija ir organizavimas, atliekama tyrimo metu gautų duomenų analizė ir pateikiami tyrimo rezultatai. Trečioje yra tiriamoji darbo dalis, kurioje analizuojamas kaimo turizmo paslaugų vystymas Zarasų rajone remiantis atliktos anketinės apklausos duomenimis. Šio darbo išvados ir rekomendacijos gali būti panaudotos sodybų savininkams nustatant tikslus ir strategijas. Pateiktos priemonės klientų pritraukimui. Pagrindiniai rezultatai ir išvados: respondentai siūlomų veiklų įvairovę ir pasiūla kaimo turizmo sodybose Zarasų rajone įvertino neigiamai; siūlomos paslaugos Zarasų rajone neišnaudoja esamo gamtinio ir kultūrinio potencialo turizmo paslaugų plėtrai; siūlomų paslaugų kompleksas kaimo turizmo sodybose yra siauras, dažniausiai siūlant tik vandens pramogas; Zarasų rajone trūksta specializuotų kaimo turizmo sodybų; sodybų savininkai turėtų siūlyti daugiau pažintinių paslaugų, tokių kaip amatų mokymas ir ekskursijų po lankytinus objektus; populiariausios sodybos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The Bachelor's thesis concentrates on the analysis of the variety of rural tourism services in Zarasai district and on identifying oportunities of service development in Zarasai district. The issue of rural tourism is relevant, because Zarasai district is rich in natural and cultural resources, wich are not used while providing the services. The first part of the paper examines the theoretical aspect of the concept of tourism, classification of tourism, the development of tourism and its economic benefits for the region, the essence of rural tourism, its development and features, oportunities of service development. The second part presents the research methodology and the structure of the study, the analysis of the data of the research, and, based on these data, analysis of the rural tourism development in Zarasai district is provided. The conclusions and recommendations may be useful for the owners of rural tourism homesteads identifying objectives and strategies for the development of their businesses as well as customer attraction. The main results and conclusions: respondents have evaluated the variety of the activities and the supply of rural tourism homesteads negatively: the scope of services in Zarasai district does not exhaust natural and cultural resources in the tourism services development; the scope of services is narrow, often only offering water activities; Zarasai district lacks specialized rural tourism homesteads; the owners of rural tourism homesteads... [to full text]

Local Authorities have a duty to promote the economic, social and environmental wellbeing of their communities. The study deals with the promotion of community involvement and other stakeholders by municipality in ensuring the tourism sustainability. The objectives of this research are to explain the theoretical analysis of the concepts: tourism and poverty alleviation; mechanisms and procedures to be used to encourage community participation in making tourism economically viable around Sedibeng District Municipality; results in economic benefits to business and host community and management of available resources and procedures. A random sample of thirty participants took part in the study. A questionnaire was used as research instrument for data gathering from the participants. Literature study was utilized to support the empirical research and to check implementation of legislation and regulations, regarding tourism management. It was discovered that municipalities may not be so capable of effectively addressing the role that tourism can play in poverty alleviation. As such, it is recommended that local government's existing mechanisms, resources and systems to manage tourism be reviewed to help promote a sustainable training programme. / MA, Public Management and Administration, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

The primary goal of this study was to determine the factors that have an influence on the development and expansion of domestic tourism in South Africa. Three objectives were derived from the primary research goal. In the first instance, domestic tourism and the role it plays was analysed by conducting a literature study on all the available constructs as well as the concept of domestic tourism. The second objective was to analyse domestic tourism in the different provinces (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, since after all, it is the function of the provinces to promote domestic tourism). The third objective focused on the results of an empirical study. In July 2003 two hundred questionnaires were e-mailed and faxed. 108 replies were received. Aspects covered by the questionnaire included obstacles to tourism, opportunities, tendencies, trends, growth and the key success factors of domestic tourism. The survey was directed at all involved in tourism planning and management: in the public and private sector, as well as specialists from the national, provincial and local authorities. As far as the private sector is concerned, specialists from hotel groups, like Sun International and Southern Sun, as well as tour operators, such as Springbok, Atlas and Welcome Tours, and organisations, like The South African Tourism Service Association (SATSA), Federated Hospitality Association of South Africa (FEDHASA) and Association of South African Travels Agents (ASATA), were approached. The purpose of the research was to shed light on what South Africa can do to advance domestic tourism. It also attempted to elucidate the role the government and product owners should play on various levels. From responses to the questionnaire it became clear that domestic products are offered at competitive prices. Product owners, however, have to guard against too high prices. Product owners are to know their markets and understand current industry needs to market products more effectively. / Thesis (M.A. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

Certification programs have grown exponentially over the past decade to respond to the increasing demand for more green and sustainable modes of operation from the part of customers. These schemes can be used as powerful tools to assist in the conservation of natural, human and cultural resources, helping better protect popular tourist destinations for future years to come. However, despite their potential to help codify important principles such as ecotourism and sustainable tourism, certification programs are currently facing several challenges that are hindering their overall practices. Much of the present tourism literature has examined the environmental aspect of these programs and the monitoring challenges they are currently facing. However, little research has explored the socio-cultural side of certification programs even if current literature increasingly demonstrates the strong connection that exists between environment, community and local culture when aiming to properly develop tourism in host destinations. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the importance and feasibility of adopting socio-cultural criteria in existing certification programs as to achieve proper sustainability. This goal is attained by using a qualitative research approach and by examining Green Globe certified hotels on the island of Barbados. The results of this research confirms that the culture, history, geography and/or policies of a tourist destination can shape and influence certification programs and their overall practices. This study also provided several examples of social and cultural actions that hotels could adopt, or have already adopted, demonstrating that it is feasible for certification programs to require tourism businesses to adhere to socio-cultural criteria before achieving certification. Moreover, results revealed several benefits that the accommodation sector can gain by becoming environmentally, socially and culturally responsible. The main conclusion of this study is that socio-cultural practices are necessary components to properly achieve newer designations of ecotourism and sustainable tourism, and therefore, certification programs need to include and/or make mandatory socio-cultural criteria in their programs. It is hoped that this information can provide guidelines on how to further implement both environmental and socio-cultural criteria for both certification programs and the accommodation sector. Although this research revealed interesting information on the socio-cultural aspect of these programs, much remains to be examined on this matter and recommendations for future studies are suggested at the end of this thesis.