<p>Aim</p><p>The aim of the study was to develop a method for the survey of play movement demands and temporal patterns in order to enable a descriptive study of the defensive players in American Football. The overall aim was to  improve the understanding of how American Football is played to create opportunities for enhancement of current or developing new training methods to better suit football.</p><p>Method</p><p>Fifty plays from a Division 3 college football game on video from 2005 was divided into sequences of action for one player each from the defensive line, linebackers and defensive backs and analyzed with the video analyzing software cSwing. Every players sequence of action was recorded in a spreadsheet and noted on a scaled football field where distances were measured and together with time stamps from cSwing velocity was calculated.</p><p>Results</p><p>Using this method it was possible to describe the play movement demands and temporal patterns which was the main task of the study. The defensive end worked on an average 4.61 seconds per play, the distance was 12.4 meters and average speed 2.5 m×s-1. The linebacker worked on an average 4.35 s per play, 13.7 m and at a mean speed of 3.0 m×s-1. The free safety worked on an average 4.38 s per play, 14.7 m and at a mean speed of 3.3 m×s-1. The Linebacker had a more varied movement pattern than the other two positions.</p><p>Discussion</p><p>With the developed method both quantitative variables and qualitative assessments of play movement demands and temporal patterns could be done. With the aid of this information the coach can develop or enhance training methods that better emulates the demands games puts on the players. Using a GPS to enhance the quantitative analysis can lead to more extensive measurements of temporal patterns. Zoomed in video uptakes could lead to a better analysis of movement patterns</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The developed method gives the American Football coach a tool to analyse the demands put on certain categories of players based on different types of and frequencies of play sequences and their temporal patterns. This enhanced knowledge the coach can use to improve practices</p>

Aim The aim of the study was to develop a method for the survey of play movement demands and temporal patterns in order to enable a descriptive study of the defensive players in American Football. The overall aim was to  improve the understanding of how American Football is played to create opportunities for enhancement of current or developing new training methods to better suit football. Method Fifty plays from a Division 3 college football game on video from 2005 was divided into sequences of action for one player each from the defensive line, linebackers and defensive backs and analyzed with the video analyzing software cSwing. Every players sequence of action was recorded in a spreadsheet and noted on a scaled football field where distances were measured and together with time stamps from cSwing velocity was calculated. Results Using this method it was possible to describe the play movement demands and temporal patterns which was the main task of the study. The defensive end worked on an average 4.61 seconds per play, the distance was 12.4 meters and average speed 2.5 m×s-1. The linebacker worked on an average 4.35 s per play, 13.7 m and at a mean speed of 3.0 m×s-1. The free safety worked on an average 4.38 s per play, 14.7 m and at a mean speed of 3.3 m×s-1. The Linebacker had a more varied movement pattern than the other two positions. Discussion With the developed method both quantitative variables and qualitative assessments of play movement demands and temporal patterns could be done. With the aid of this information the coach can develop or enhance training methods that better emulates the demands games puts on the players. Using a GPS to enhance the quantitative analysis can lead to more extensive measurements of temporal patterns. Zoomed in video uptakes could lead to a better analysis of movement patterns Conclusion The developed method gives the American Football coach a tool to analyse the demands put on certain categories of players based on different types of and frequencies of play sequences and their temporal patterns. This enhanced knowledge the coach can use to improve practices

Inledning Hjärtrytmsvariabilitet (HRV) är oscillationer i hjärtfrekvensen, dvs. ett mått på hur tiden mellan hjärtslagen varierar slag-för-slag. Litteraturen pekar på samband mellan hög HRV och prestationsförmåga i domäner som IQ-test och pistolskytte, men begränsad forskning har gjorts på sambandet mellan HRV och mer fysiskt krävande prestationsdomäner. Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka mätningar i hjärttrytmsvariabilitets förmåga att förutspå quarterbackprestation inom domänen prickskytte. Arbetet kretsar kring frågeställningarna:  Finns det en korrelation mellan HRV och quarterbackprestation?  Orsakar musik en statistiskt signifikant skillnad i resultaten? Metod Under två testtillfällen fick försökspersoner (n=7, ålder: 16-22) genomgå ett prickskyttetest bestående av 30 kast på måltavla (⌀=50cm) på 7,5m avstånd. Före prickskyttetestet gjordes en 3 minuters HRV-mätning före och efter standardiserad uppvärmning. Uppvärmningen bestod av löpning och kast (10-15 min). Korrelationsanalyser gjordes mellan prickskytteresultat och värden för HRV från de 4 mätningarna. Resultat Korrelationsanalysen Pearson Correlation visade ett negativt samband mellan två uppmätta HRV-värden efter uppvärmning och kastprestation (r=-0,828, p=0,022 respektive r=-0,914, p=0,004). Slutsats Resultaten visar att det finns en korrelation mellan HRV och quarterbackprestation, strax före test. Dessa resultat talar eventuellt för att HRV går att användas som en metod för att mäta spelares grad av beredskap, men en mer omfattande studie med fler försökspersoner krävs för att med säkerhet kunna bedöma sambandet mellan HRV och kastprecision hos quarterbacks.

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