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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Kredituppföljning i banker : Urval, genomförande, beslutsunderlag och konsekvenser / Credit monitoring in banks : selection, implementation, base for decisions and consequences

Olsson, Kristina January 2014 (has links)
Svenska banker har genomgått flera finanskriser som resulterat i olika konsekvenser, bland annat kreditförluster. Intresset för varför en del banker drabbades mer medan andra drabbades mindre påverkade valet av problemområde. Många studier har gjorts beträffande kreditbeslut vid nya krediter, dock verkade området kring kredituppföljningen, det sekundära kreditbeslutet, vara relativt outforskat. Förhoppningen var att kunna bidra med kunskap som dels kunde vara användbar för kreditgivare, genom att dra lärdom av bra exempel, och dels vara brukbar för låntagarna. En annan önskan var att ge inspiration till ytterligare studier i ett relativt outforskat område. En noggrann kredituppföljning är också betydelsefull för samhället i stort. Syftet var att få en bättre bild av hur kredituppföljningsprocessen utförs i praktiken i svenska banker. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer har kredituppföljningen studerats hos sex banker i västra Sverige; Handelsbanken, Länsförsäkringar Bank, Swedbank, SEB samt två Fristående Sparbanker. Intervjupersonerna var personer med gedigen erfarenhet från utlåningsprocessen gentemot företag. Den empiriska undersökningen visade en stor överensstämmelse kring hur kredit-uppföljningen utförs i de banker som ingått i studien. Uppföljningsprocessen genomförs utifrån volym och någon form av riskklassificering. I beslutsunderlaget ingår såväl formella som informella delar, med andra ord både kvantitativ och kvalitativ information. Studien visade att både transaktions- och relationsutlåning är delar av det sekundära kreditbeslutet. En skillnad var hur stor betydelse de mjuka delarna har i kredituppföljningen. Min tolkning är att organisationskulturen har betydelse / Swedish banks have underwent several financial crises that have resulted in different type of consequences, amongst other things, credit losses. The interest for why some banks were hit more than others, influenced the choice of the problem area. Many studies have been made regarding lender decisions on new loans, however, the area related to the credit monitoring, i. e. the secondary lender decision, seems to be relatively unexplored. The aim was to contribute with knowledge that partly could be useful for creditors, through learnings from good examples, as well as partly be useful for the borrowers. Another expectation was to inspire to further studies of an area that has not been investigated deeply so far. A throught credit monitoring is also important for the society as much. The purpose was to get a better picture of how the credit monitoring processes are performed in practise in Swedish banks. Through qualitative interviews, the credit monitoring processes have been studied att six banks in the west part of Sweden. The banks are; Handelsbanken, Länsförsäkringar Bank, Swedbank, SEB and two independent banks. The respondents were persons with a solid and senior experience from lending processes towards companies. The empirical study showed a high degree of consistency in how the credit monitoring are performed at the Swedish banks that were a part of the investigation. The monitoring process are carried out based on volume and some type of risk assessment. The decision material contains formal as well as informal information or in other words: both quantitative as well qualitative information. The study showed that both transactional as well as relationship lending are parts of the secondary lender decision. One difference that was noticed, was how big importance the soft factors have in the credit monitoring process. My interpretation is that the organizational culture has an influence on this.
2

Green corporate loans : A model-creating study exploring what information is used and its role when assessing green corporate loans

Rydén, Maria, Zemariam Ermias, Lourdes January 2023 (has links)
Banks have a vital role in the society-wide green transition. However, the field of green finance is relatively unexplored in academia. Our study aims to extend the knowledge of green corporate loans by investigating what soft and hard information Swedish banks use to overcome the information asymmetry in the lending decision and what role the information plays. Based on fragmented literature, a tentative model is created, and used to form the study. The study adopts a qualitative research strategy and semi-structured interviews were held with respondents from the four largest banks in Sweden. Using the collected data, the tentative model was corroborated and adjusted, resulting in a finalised model. The study found that the following information components are used to evaluate green corporate loans: financial statements, collaterals, credit score, owners, character, micro and macro analysis, ESG approach and green criteria. Although most emphasis is put on hard information, soft information is also necessary for banks to make a lending decision. The study has multiple practical contributions relating to challenges posed by soft information, and the loan assessment. Theoretically, the study contributes with a baseline for future studies investigating the topic of green corporate loans.
3

Covid-19:s effekter på kreditbedömningen till SME:s / Covid-19's effects on the credit appraisal of SMEs

Broomé, Kevin, Gorges, Laverd January 2021 (has links)
IntroduktionSME:s är en stor bidragande roll för den svenska välfärden genom stora skatteintäkter och arbetstillfällen. Det nya Baselregelverket har de senaste åren lett till en större svårighet för SME:s att få finansiering av bankerna. Bankerna är mer restriktiva vid finansiell utlåning eftersom dem själva behöver uppfylla kraven om kapital och likviditetshantering. Samtidigt har pandemin drabbat SME:s ekonomiska ställning negativt och finansiering i form av krediter kan vara en avgörande roll för företagens överlevnad. SyfteSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur covid-19 påverkat kreditbedömningen hos kreditgivare till SME:s. MetodStudien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en deduktiv ansats där empirin har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. SlutsatsStudien visar på att pandemin har kommit att påverka kreditbedömningen genom att majoriteten av bankerna har större acceptans för försämrade siffror. Större vikt läggs på SME:s framtida affärsmöjligheter genom att studera branschen i stort. Vidare har långvariga kundrelationer underlättat bankernas kreditbedömning. Statliga åtgärder och regleringar har inte haft någon väsentlig påverkan på kreditbedömningen under pandemin. KunskapsbidragStudien är ett empiriskt baserat kunskapsbidrag ämnad för att öka förståelse och kunskap om pandemins effekter på kreditbedömningen till SME:s. Denna studie har även kommit att bidra till ett nytt perspektiv på forskningsområdet och att fylla det forskningsgap om brist på forskning kring kreditbedömning i svensk kontext under pandemin. Hur kreditgivarens kreditbedömning går till under pandemin är ett kunskapsbidrag för många aktörer. / Introduction SME's play a major contributing role to Swedish welfare through large tax revenues and jobs. The new Basel regulations have in recent years led to a greater difficulty for SMEs in obtaining financing from the banks. Banks are more restrictive in financial lending  because  they  need  to  meet  the  requirements  for  capital  and  liquidity management. At the same time, the pandemic has negatively affected SME's financial position and financing in the form of credit can play a crucial role in corporate survival.  Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate how covid-19 affected the credit rating of creditors to SMEs.  Method The study is based on a qualitative research strategy with a deductive approach where the empirical data has been collected through semi-structured interviews.  Conclusion The study shows that the pandemic has affected credit ratings by the majority of banks having  greater acceptance of deteriorating figures. Greater emphasis is placed on SME's future business opportunities by studying the industry as a whole. Furthermore, long-term customer relationships have facilitated the banks' credit assessment. Government measures and regulations have not had any significant impact on the credit assessment during the pandemic.  Contribution The study is an empirically based knowledge contribution intended to increase understanding and knowledge about the pandemic's effects on the credit assessment to SME's. This study has also contributed to a new perspective in the field of research and to fill the research gap on lack of research on credit assessment in the Swedish context during the pandemic. How the creditor's credit assessment is done during the pandemic is a knowledge contribution for many actors.

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