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Demokritos: Ausgewählte Bemerkungen über Essen und Trinken aus den hinterlassenen Papieren des lachenden Philosophen Karl Julius WeberStresow, Gunter 09 May 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Demokritos09 May 2012 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.
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Ist das Trinken von Wein "romantischer" als das Trinken von Champagner, Bier oder Whisky? : emotionale Grundlagen beim Genuss und Einsatz von alkoholischen Getränken /Müller, Urs. January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Zweite Studienarbeit Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie Zürich, 2005.
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Ten-year stability and variability, drinking patterns, and impairment in community youth with diagnostic orphan status of alcohol dependenceGrabitz, Maike, Behrendt, Silke, Klotsche, Jens, Buehringer, Gerhard, Lieb, Roselind, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich 28 November 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Objective: Some adolescents and young adults who do not fulfill criteria for DSM-IV alcohol abuse (AA) report symptoms of DSM-IV alcohol dependence (AD) below the diagnostic threshold (diagnostic orphans, DOs; 1 or 2 symptoms). Contemporarily, little is known on the long-term stability, risk of progression to AD, impairment, and drinking patterns possibly associated with this status in the first decades of life.
Aim: (1) To identify prevalence rates of the DO status from adolescence to early adulthood. To investigate (2) stability and variability of the DO status over time and (3) associations between DO status, drinking patterns and impairment in comparison to subjects with AA, with AD, or without any symptoms.
Method: N = 2039 community subjects (aged 14–24 years at baseline) were assessed at baseline and at about four and ten years after baseline. DSM-IV AUD diagnoses were obtained with the DIA-X/M-CIDI.
Results: About 11–12% of the sample was classified as DOs at all waves. Over a period of ten years, 18% of DOs were stable in their diagnosis and additional 10% progressed to AD. DOs were comparable to subjects with AA in drinking patterns, impairment and stability of diagnostic status. DOs progressed to AD significantly more often than AA. AD was associated with highest levels in all outcomes of interest.
Conclusions: The DO status in adolescence and early adulthood is associated with considerable stability, risk of progression and problematic alcohol intake. In consequence, it can be meaningful for the timely identification of early stages of clinically relevant alcohol problems. For subjects with DO status early specific interventions are required.
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"Und Zuckererbsen nicht minder" die kulinarische Metaphorik im Gesamtwerk Heinrich HeinesHupfer, Cordula January 2005 (has links)
Zugl.: Düsseldorf, Univ., Diss., 2005
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Der Bereich Nahrungszubereitung im althochdeutschen Wortschatz: Onomasiologisch-semasiologische UntersuchungenMikeleitis-Winter, Almut 27 April 2023 (has links)
Wortschatz aus den verschiedenen Bereichen des materiellen Lebens hat sich in der althochdeutschen Überlieferung, die sich zumeist auf die lateinische Tradition der Antike und des Christentums bezieht, nur spärlich und eher sporadisch erhalten. Dennoch kann die gründliche philologische Analyse des Belegmaterials auch für den Überlieferungsanfang des Deutschen eine vielfältige, zum Teil überraschend spezialisierte Lexik zum Sachgebiet der Nahrungszubereitung erschließen. Nach einer einleitenden Darstellung der sprachgeschichtlichen und methodischen Grundlagen werden Erkenntnisse der historischen Forschung zu den soziokulturellen Voraussetzungen der Nahrungsgewinnung und -verarbeitung im frühen Mittelalter, zu den Organisationsformen, Arbeitstechniken, verwendeten Geräten sowie zu den erzeugten Nahrungsmitteln und Getränken vorgestellt. Darauf aufbauend werden die aus dem Althochdeutschen überlieferten Bezeichnungen für Tätigkeiten bei der Nahrungsherstellung und Speisenzubereitung sowie entsprechende Personenbezeichnungen ermittelt. Die Basis der vorliegenden Untersuchungen bilden die im Archiv des Althochdeutschen Wörterbuchs an der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig verzeichneten Belege. Damit wird für die untersuchten Bezeichnungen der Wortschatz der althochdeutschen Denkmäler und Glossen vollständig erfasst. In Einzelartikeln werden an die hundert Verben und über dreißig Substantive mit ihren Belegen dargestellt und einer eingehenden semantischen Analyse an Hand der althochdeutschen bzw. lateinischen Kontexte unterzogen. Die daran anschließende systematisierende Auswertung beschäftigt sich mit Fragen der Überlieferung der Bezeichnungen, ihrer Herkunft, Wortbildung und Semantik sowie der Gliederung dieses Wortschatzbereiches.:Vorwort
I Einleitung
1 Forschungssituation und Aufgabenstellung
2 Sprache und Kommunikation im frühen Mittelalter
3 Methode der Untersuchung
4 Bedeutungsanalyse im althochdeutschen Wortschatz
5 Materialbasis der Untersuchung
II Nahrungsmittelherstellung und Speisenzubereitung
im frühen Mittelalter
III Materialsammlung und Bedeutungsanalyse
1 Bezeichnungen für Tätigkeiten bei der Nahrungsmittelherstellung
und Speisenzubereitung
1.1 Produktspezifische Tätigkeiten zur Vorbereitung
von Nahrungsmitteln
1.1.1 Getreide
1.1.1.1 Zerkleinern
bôzen
gibliuuuan
niuuuan
firniuuuan
stamphôn
stemphen
griozan
malan
zisamanemalan
mullen
1.1.1.2 Reinigen
rîtarôn
girîtarôn
redan
siften
feuuen
1.1.1.3 Bereiten von Teig und Brei
zitrîban
zirlâzan
sûren
theismen
knetan
giknetan
thuueran
ruoren
1.1.2 Gemüse und Obst
blatôn
skelen
scarbôn
1.1.3 Fleisch und Fisch
slahan
irslahan
slahtôn
skinten
biskinten
fillen
bifillen
gifillen
lidôn
houuuan
scurphen
gellen
hackôn
1.1.4 Molkereiprodukte
girennen
thûhen
Inhalt
githûhen
1.2 Allgemeine Tätigkeiten bei der Zubereitung von Speisen
1.2.1 Garen
siodan
firsiodan
fol(la)siodan
kohhôn
ûzsmelzen
backan, bahhan
brâtan
brennen
grouben
roupen
hersten
rôsten
girôsten
suueizen
1.2.2 Würzen und Verfeinern
soffôn
salzan
gisalzan
suozen
uuurzen
pîmentôn
temparôn
anarîban
milsken
honagôn
salbôn
1.2.3 Konservieren
sulzen
therren
1.2.4 Zerteilen
brehhan
brohhôn
gibrockôn
instungen
thunkôn
Inhalt
1.3 Tätigkeiten bei der Herstellung von Getränken
1.3.1 Pressen von Früchten
tretan
trotôn
pressôn
thûhen
thrucken
stôzan
1.3.2 Mischen und Ingangsetzen von Gärprozessen
*briuuuan
irsezzen
jerien
blantan
misken
zisamanemisken
miskelôn
zisamanegiozan
gôzôn (?)
1.3.3 Weiterbehandeln der Flüssigkeiten
siodan
feimen
ûzfeimôn
lûttaren
gilûttaren
mûzôn
sîhan
ûzsîhan
sêuuinôn
ûzfliozan
abaflôzen
ûzflôzen
1.4 Auswertung
1.4.1 Zur Verteilung der Bezeichnungen in den Quellen
1.4.2 Zur Herkunft der Bezeichnungen
1.4.3 Semantische Aspekte
1.4.4 Zur Syntax
2 Bezeichnungen für bei der Nahrungsmittelherstellung
und Speisenzubereitung tätige Personen
Inhalt
2.1 Mühlenwesen
mulinâri
mulinersa
2.2 Bäckerei
becka
beckeri
beckersa
brôtbecko
brôtbecka
brôtbeckila
brôtbeckeri
brôtbeckere+
brôtbeckerin
phistur
knetârin
2.3 Fleischverarbeitung
slahtâri
fleiscslahtâri
fleischacker+
fleischackel+
fleiscskerni
fleiscmangeri
mezzilâri
mezziere+
lidâri
uuurstâri
salzman
2.4 Speisenzubereitung
koh
küchenmeister+
kuhhinkneht
brâtâri
2.5 Getränkeherstellung
briuuuino
brouwer+
briumeistar
grûzeri
2.6 Auswertung
Inhalt
2.6.1 Zum Status der Bezeichnungen und zu
ihrer Verteilung in den Quellen
2.6.2 Semantische Aspekte
2.6.3 Aspekte der Wortbildung
IV Zusammenfassung
V Verzeichnisse
1 Glossenhandschriften
2 Quellen des Belegmaterials
2.1 Althochdeutsche (und altsächsische) Quellen
2.2 Lateinische Vorlagen der Glossen und Texte
3 Sonstige Quellen
4 Verwendete Literatur
5 Siglen und Abkürzungen
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Changes in alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: A meta-analysis of observational studiesKilian, Carolin, O'Donnell, Amy, Potapova, Nina, López-Pelayo, Hugo, Schulte, Bernd, Miquel, Laia, Paniello Castillo, Blanca, Schmidt, Christiane Sybille, Gual, Antoni, Rehm, Jürgen, Manthey, Jakob 02 February 2024 (has links)
Numerous studies have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol use changes in Europe, with concerns raised regarding increased use and related harms. Approach. We synthesised observational studies published between 1 January 2020 and 31 September 2021 on self-reported changes in alcohol use associated with COVID-19. Electronic databases were searched for studies evaluating individual data from European general and clinical populations. We identified 646 reports, of which 56 general population studies were suitable for random-effects meta-analyses of proportional
differences in alcohol use changes. Variations by time, sub-region and study quality were assessed in subsequent meta-regressions. Additional 16 reports identified were summarised narratively. Key Findings. Compiling reports measuring changes in overall alcohol use, slightly more individuals indicated a decrease than an increase in their alcohol use during the pandemic [3.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00–7.6%]. Decreases were also reported more often than increases in drinking frequency (8.0%, 95% CI 2.7–13.2%), quantity consumed (12.2%, 95% CI 8.3–16.2%) and heavy episodic drinking (17.7%, 95% CI 13.6–21.8%). Among people with pre-existing high drinking levels/alcohol use disorder, high-level drinking patterns appear to have solidified or intensified. Implications. Pandemic-related changes in alcohol use may be associated with pre-pandemic drinking levels. Increases among high-risk alcohol users are concerning, suggesting a need for ongoing monitoring and support from relevant health-care services. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that more people reduced their alcohol use in Europe than increased it since the onset of the pandemic. However high-quality studies examining specific change mechanisms at the population level are lacking.
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Ten-year stability and variability, drinking patterns, and impairment in community youth with diagnostic orphan status of alcohol dependenceGrabitz, Maike, Behrendt, Silke, Klotsche, Jens, Buehringer, Gerhard, Lieb, Roselind, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich January 2012 (has links)
Objective: Some adolescents and young adults who do not fulfill criteria for DSM-IV alcohol abuse (AA) report symptoms of DSM-IV alcohol dependence (AD) below the diagnostic threshold (diagnostic orphans, DOs; 1 or 2 symptoms). Contemporarily, little is known on the long-term stability, risk of progression to AD, impairment, and drinking patterns possibly associated with this status in the first decades of life.
Aim: (1) To identify prevalence rates of the DO status from adolescence to early adulthood. To investigate (2) stability and variability of the DO status over time and (3) associations between DO status, drinking patterns and impairment in comparison to subjects with AA, with AD, or without any symptoms.
Method: N = 2039 community subjects (aged 14–24 years at baseline) were assessed at baseline and at about four and ten years after baseline. DSM-IV AUD diagnoses were obtained with the DIA-X/M-CIDI.
Results: About 11–12% of the sample was classified as DOs at all waves. Over a period of ten years, 18% of DOs were stable in their diagnosis and additional 10% progressed to AD. DOs were comparable to subjects with AA in drinking patterns, impairment and stability of diagnostic status. DOs progressed to AD significantly more often than AA. AD was associated with highest levels in all outcomes of interest.
Conclusions: The DO status in adolescence and early adulthood is associated with considerable stability, risk of progression and problematic alcohol intake. In consequence, it can be meaningful for the timely identification of early stages of clinically relevant alcohol problems. For subjects with DO status early specific interventions are required.
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Susceptibility to interference between Pavlovian and instrumental control predisposes risky alcohol use developmental trajectory from ages 18 to 24Chen, Hao, Belanger, Matthew J., Garbusow, Maria, Kuitunen-Paul, Sören, Huys, Quentin J. M., Heinz, Andreas, Rapp, Michael A., Smolka, Michael N. 05 March 2024 (has links)
Pavlovian cues can influence ongoing instrumental behaviour via Pavlovian-toinstrumental transfer (PIT) processes. While appetitive Pavlovian cues tend to promote instrumental approach, they are detrimental when avoidance behaviour is required, and vice versa for aversive cues. We recently reported that susceptibility to interference between Pavlovian and instrumental control assessed via a PIT task was associated with risky alcohol use at age 18. We now investigated whether such susceptibility also predicts drinking trajectories until age 24, based on AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) consumption and binge drinking (gramme alcohol/drinking occasion) scores. The interference PIT effect, assessed at ages 18 and 21 during fMRI, was characterized by increased error rates (ER) and enhanced neural responses in the ventral striatum (VS), the lateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices (dmPFC) during conflict, that is, when an instrumental approach was required in the presence of an aversive Pavlovian cue or vice versa. We found that a stronger VS response during conflict at age 18 was associated with a higher starting point of both drinking trajectories but predicted a decrease in binge drinking. At age 21, high ER and enhanced neural responses in the dmPFC were associated with increasing AUDIT-C scores over the next 3 years until age 24. Overall, susceptibility to interference between Pavlovian and instrumental control might be viewed as a predisposing mechanism towards hazardous alcohol use during young adulthood, and the identified high-risk group may profit from targeted interventions.
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