MA (Xitsonga) / Ehansi ka Senthara ya M.E.R. Mathivha ya Tindzimi ta Afrika, Vutshilo na Ndhavuko / Ntirho wo hlukuvisiwa ka Xitsonga wu kumeke wu humelela hi ku nonoka swinene ngopfungopfu eka rihlanguti ra ku tumbuluxiwa ka theminoloji. Ndzawulo ya Vutshila na Ndhavuko yi vile yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka hi ku tumbuluxa theminoloji eka tindzimi to hambanahambana eAfrika-Dzonga ku katsa na Xitsonga. Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku kanela hi maendlelo ya vuvumbamarito ya Xitsonga hi ku kongomisa eka minongoti ya Sayense ya Ntumbuluko na Thekinoloji ku ya hi xitshuriwa lexi kandziyisiweke no hangalasiwa hi Ndzawulo ya Vutshila na Ndhavuko eAfrika-Dzonga xa Nxaxameto wa Matheme ya Tindziminyingi ta Sayense ya Ntumbuluko na Thekinoloji wa Tigiredi ta 4 ku fika eka 6. Eka Xitsonga ka ha ri na nkayivelo lowukulu wa milavisiso ya mavumbelo ya marito eka ririmi ra xithekiniki. Maendlelo ya vuvumbamarito ya nga aviwa hi swiphemu swimbirhi, ku nga maendlelo yo vumba marito hi ku tirhisa timofimi na ku vumba marito ehandle ko tirhisa timofimi ta marito. Ndzavisiso lowu wu aviwile hi swiyenge swimbirhi leswikulu. Xiyenge xo sungula xi kongomisiwa eka ku kanela hi maendlelo ya vuvumbamarito lama tirhisiwaka ku vumba marito eka Xitsonga na tindzimi tin’wana hi ku angarhela kasi xiyenge xa vumbirhi xi kongomisiwa eka ku xopaxopa maendlelo ya vuvumbamarito lama ya tirhisiweke eka minongoti ya Sayense ya Ntumbuluko na Thekinoloji. Eka ndzavisiso lowu ku tirhisiwile thiyori ya vuhundzuluxeri leyi tivekaka tanihi Nord’s (1997/2001) (1997/2001) . Maendlelo ya Xitafula ya tirhisiwile ku hlengeleta vuxokoxoko bya ndzavisiso lowu. Vuxokoxoko bya ndzavisiso lowu byi tsavuriwile ku suka eka tsalwa ra minongoti ya Sayense ya Ntumbuluko na Thekinoloji hi ku tirhisa sampulu yo hlawula hi xikongomelo na ku tlhela ku xopaxopiwa hi ku tirhisa maendlelo lama vuriwaka Nxopaxopo wa Tsalwa. / NRF

Thesis (M.A. (Translation studies and linguistics)) --University of Limpopo, 2010. / This dissertation endeavours to examine the causes of the marginalisation of Xitsonga in South Africa. The study has identified several factors that play a role in the marginalisation of Xitsonga. Some of these factors are inadequate promotion of Xitsonga by State Institutions and the negative attitude that Xitsonga speakers have against their language. In spite of these unfavourable conditions, the study has shown that several measures can be undertaken in order to strengthen Xitsonga as a language. Some of these measures are that Xitsonga must be offered as a subject at school and at tertiary level. Books and newspapers must be written in Xitsonga, to mention but a few. Lastly, the study highlights the fact that the existence of Xitsonga will be determined by its speakers. If they are willing to promote and support it there is no doubt that Xitsonga will exist for a long time to come.

The present research examines the linguistic situation in the Lower South Coast of KwaZulu-Natal where isiZulu is used as the means of instruction and of administration, but IsiCele is used as home language by the Cele clan. The research was carried out in the areas of Ezingolweni, Emawuleni, Emfakuceba and KwaShonkweni, all being the Cele clans. Places known for use of Tekela and Lala dialects (Nhlangwini, Bhaca, IsiZansi, etc) have been investigated by other researchers. The research data was collected by asking questions to school leaving learners. The researcher also contacted educators, community leaders to examine the phenomenon such as language contact, language variations and language usage in the situation under investigation. He was also able to compile a sizeable list of lexical and further identified phonological and morphological variation from the standard language. The picture that emerges from the research is that the people under investigation (amaCele) speak a language with clear connection with their original language, which is isiThonga. The lexicon utilized for the expression of the material culture is however influenced by neighboring Xhosa an element that can be explained by the fact that for several decades the educators for the areas were drawn from the Cape. The material was then tested in taped conversations with elderly oral persons in rural areas. In the multicultural and the multilingual situation in South Africa, each wide spread cultural manifestation has a role to play and must be preserved as a treasure. The researcher suggests that ways should be found to encourage speakers of IsiCele to use with pride their language as an important tile in the cultural mosaic that is South Africa. It would be unwise and short-sighted to pursue a policy of blindly imposing Standard Zulu to obliterate the cultural heritage contained and manifested in IsiCele. / Thesis (Ph.D) - University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 2006.

MAAS / MER Mathivha Centre for Languages Arts and Culture

MA (Xitsonga) / Eka Senthara ya M. E. R. Mathivha ya Tindzimita Xiafrika, Vutshila na Mfuwo / Tindzimi to hambanahambana ta misava ti tirhisa tindlela to hambana ku tihluvukisa hi tlhelo ra ntivomarito. Maendlelo yo tanihi khoyineji, ku lomba, ku vumba rivitinkatsano, nhlanganiso, mpfelelo na mavulwankatso, mbuyelelo swi na nkoka swinene eku vumbeni ka marito eka ririmi. Eka Xitsonga, a hi maendlelo hinkwawo lama kombisiweke laha henhla ya tirhisiwaka, kambe endlelo ra mbuyelelo ri tirha swinene. Valavisisi vo fana na Novotna (2000), Nintemann (2016), Lidz (2000), Kallotaj (2016), Stols (2008), Rubino (2005), Osam, Marfo na Agyekum (2013) Wanja (2014) na van’wana va endlile ndzavisiso hi mbuyelelo eka tindzimi to hambanahambana. Hambileswi endlelo leri ri tirhaka swinene, vulavisisi hi tlhelo ra endlelo leri bya kayivela swinene eka Xitsonga. Mbuyelelo hilaha xiphemu xo karhi xa rito kumbe rito hinkwaro ri vuyeleriwaka ku vumba rito rin’wana leri nga ta va na nhlamuselo yo hambana na loko rito kumbe xiphemu xa rito xi nga si vuyeleriwa. Xikongomelo xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku kambisisa hilaha mbuyelelo wu humelelaka hakona eka Xitsonga, ku kombisa na ku hlamusela swiphemu swa ririmi leswi khumbekaka eka mbuyelelo, ku ntlawahata mbuyelelo wa marito eka Xitsonga na ku kombisa nkoka wa mbuyelelo eka Xitsonga. Ndzavisiso lowu wu simekiwile ehenhla ka modele wa Marantz (1982) wa ku kopa na ku fambelanisa (Copy and Associate Model) lowu welaka eka thiyori ya Autosegmental ya 1982. Ndzavisiso lowu wu landzelela maendlelo ya nkoka ku karhi ku tirhisiwa maendlelo ya khopasi ku kuma mahungu. Mahungu ya tsavuriwa ku suka eka matsalwa yo hambanahambana ya Xitsonga. Mahungu ya aviwa hi tinxakakulu timbirhi ta mbuyelelo, ku nga, mbuyelelo wo hetiseka na mbuyelelo wa xiphemu. Marito lama ma tsariwa ku karhi ku khwatihatiwa swiphemu leswi nga vuyelela. Endzeni ka swiangi ku kombisiwa xihluvi xa mbulavulo laha rito ri welaka eka xona. Ehansi ka rito rin’wana na rin’wana ku hlamuseriwa leswi mbuyelelo wu humeleriseke xiswona. Mulavisisi u tlhela a languta nhlamuselo ya ritoxidzi (RX) ku nga si humelela mbuyelelo ku yi pimanisa na nhlamuselo ya rito leri endzhaku ka mbuyelelo (RM) ku vona loko ku vile na ku hundzuka ka tinhlamuselo. . / NRF

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of the North, 1978 / Refer to the document

Thesis (M.A. (Xitsonga)) -- University of Limpopo, 2001 / Refer to document

Thesis (M.Ed.) -- University of the North, 1997 / Refer to the document

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of the North, 2002 / Refer to the document

Thesis (M A.(African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / Refer to the document