The master´s thesis deals with a suggestion of vibratory tumbling machine´s construction for tumbling of brass cartridges. The thesis contains theoretical part which describes the principle of tumbling and its possibility of using, further characterizes various types of tumbling machines and their parts. Practical part of thesis includes functional calculations of vibratory tumbling machines, draft of power, compression springs bearing tumbling container and control calculation of these springs. Complete tumbling machine is created in a 3D modeling program. Drawing documentation which includes individual drawings of assemblies, secondary assemblies and their particular parts according to task is enclosed.

Thesis (M.S.)--Western Washington University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-123). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.)--Western Washington University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-123).

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<p>Syfte och frågeställningar</p><p>Syftet med studien är att undersöka förekomst, hantering och upplevda orsaker till mentala blockeringar inom kvinnlig truppgymnastik på nationell ungdoms- och juniornivå.</p><p>• Vilken typ av övning är den vanligaste mentala blockeringen inom kvinnlig truppgymnastik?</p><p>• Hur visar sig blockeringarna enligt gymnasterna och tränarna?</p><p>• Vilka orsaker till uppkomsten av mentala blockeringar kan utläsas utifrån gymnasterna och tränarnas berättelser?</p><p>• På vilka sätt har gymnaster och tränare försökt hantera mentala blockeringar?</p><p>Metod</p><p>Studien inleddes med en litteratursökning för att finna tidigare forskning. Därefter utformades en enkät i två versioner (för tränare och gymnaster) och dessa delades ut till gymnaster och tränare på nationell ungdoms- och juniornivå i sex olika föreningar. Gymnasterna valdes efter tränings- och tävlingsnivå och har en medelålder på 14 år.</p><p>Resultat</p><p>Resultatet visade att mentala blockeringar är ett mycket vanligt fenomen inom truppgymnastiken och något som majoriteten av gymnasterna någon gång drabbats av. Blockeringarna visar sig ofta genom att gymnasten vägrar eller helt utesluter övningen ur sin träning och blockeringarna är vanligast i grenen tumbling. Dock visade studien att de flesta gymnaster upplever blockeringar i mer än ett redskap. Volter som roterar baklänges tenderade att vara den typ av övning som flest gymnaster har blockeringar för. Detta ansågs främst bero på att gymnasterna i fråga inte tror att de kommer att lyckas med övningen följt av orsaker som tidigare skador och mental omognad. De allra flesta gymnaster och tränare har på något sätt försökt behandla problemet, främst genom fysiska åtgärder och har i situationer med mentala blockeringar känt sig rädda, frustrerade och misslyckade.</p><p>Slutsats</p><p>Problematiken kring mentala blockeringar är stor och få gymnaster och tränare vet hur de kan hantera dessa. Behovet av fortsatt forskning inom området samt större fokus på mental träning inom förbundets utbildningar är stort.</p> / <p>Aim and Questions</p><p>The aim of this study is to examine the incidence, handling and experienced causes of mental blockings in female teamgym at national youth and junior level.</p><p>• Which type of exercise is the most common mental blocking in female teamgym?</p><p>• How does the blockings show according to the gymnasts and coaches?</p><p>• Which possible causes to origin of mental blockings can be understood on the basis of the stories of the gymnasts and coaches?</p><p>• In which ways have gymnasts and coaches tried to handle mental blockings?</p><p>Method</p><p>The study started out with a literature search for previous research. Thereafter a questionnaire was formed in two versions (for gymnasts and coaches) and these were sent to gymnasts and coaches at national youth and junior level in six different clubs. The gymnasts were chosen by their level of training and competition.</p><p>Results</p><p>The study showed that mental blockings is a very common phenomenon in teamgym and is something that the majority of the gymnasts at some point have been affected by. The blockings are often revealed by the gymnasts refusing or totally excluding the exercise from training and the blockings are most frequently occurring in the apparatus called tumbling. Yet, the study shows that most gymnasts experience mental blockings in more then one apparatus. Vaults that rotate backwards tend to bee the type of exercise that most gymnasts have blockings for. This was believed to mainly depend on the gymnasts thinking they will fail to succeed with the exercise followed by causes like previous injuries and mental immatureness. Most gymnasts and coaches have in some way tried to solve the problem, mainly by physical measures and have in situations of mental blockings felt afraid, frustrated and like failure.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Mental blockings is a big problem and few gymnasts and coaches know how to handle them. The need of more research in the area and focus on mental training in the gymnastics association is big.</p>

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien är att undersöka förekomst, hantering och upplevda orsaker till mentala blockeringar inom kvinnlig truppgymnastik på nationell ungdoms- och juniornivå. • Vilken typ av övning är den vanligaste mentala blockeringen inom kvinnlig truppgymnastik? • Hur visar sig blockeringarna enligt gymnasterna och tränarna? • Vilka orsaker till uppkomsten av mentala blockeringar kan utläsas utifrån gymnasterna och tränarnas berättelser? • På vilka sätt har gymnaster och tränare försökt hantera mentala blockeringar? Metod Studien inleddes med en litteratursökning för att finna tidigare forskning. Därefter utformades en enkät i två versioner (för tränare och gymnaster) och dessa delades ut till gymnaster och tränare på nationell ungdoms- och juniornivå i sex olika föreningar. Gymnasterna valdes efter tränings- och tävlingsnivå och har en medelålder på 14 år. Resultat Resultatet visade att mentala blockeringar är ett mycket vanligt fenomen inom truppgymnastiken och något som majoriteten av gymnasterna någon gång drabbats av. Blockeringarna visar sig ofta genom att gymnasten vägrar eller helt utesluter övningen ur sin träning och blockeringarna är vanligast i grenen tumbling. Dock visade studien att de flesta gymnaster upplever blockeringar i mer än ett redskap. Volter som roterar baklänges tenderade att vara den typ av övning som flest gymnaster har blockeringar för. Detta ansågs främst bero på att gymnasterna i fråga inte tror att de kommer att lyckas med övningen följt av orsaker som tidigare skador och mental omognad. De allra flesta gymnaster och tränare har på något sätt försökt behandla problemet, främst genom fysiska åtgärder och har i situationer med mentala blockeringar känt sig rädda, frustrerade och misslyckade. Slutsats Problematiken kring mentala blockeringar är stor och få gymnaster och tränare vet hur de kan hantera dessa. Behovet av fortsatt forskning inom området samt större fokus på mental träning inom förbundets utbildningar är stort. / Aim and Questions The aim of this study is to examine the incidence, handling and experienced causes of mental blockings in female teamgym at national youth and junior level. • Which type of exercise is the most common mental blocking in female teamgym? • How does the blockings show according to the gymnasts and coaches? • Which possible causes to origin of mental blockings can be understood on the basis of the stories of the gymnasts and coaches? • In which ways have gymnasts and coaches tried to handle mental blockings? Method The study started out with a literature search for previous research. Thereafter a questionnaire was formed in two versions (for gymnasts and coaches) and these were sent to gymnasts and coaches at national youth and junior level in six different clubs. The gymnasts were chosen by their level of training and competition. Results The study showed that mental blockings is a very common phenomenon in teamgym and is something that the majority of the gymnasts at some point have been affected by. The blockings are often revealed by the gymnasts refusing or totally excluding the exercise from training and the blockings are most frequently occurring in the apparatus called tumbling. Yet, the study shows that most gymnasts experience mental blockings in more then one apparatus. Vaults that rotate backwards tend to bee the type of exercise that most gymnasts have blockings for. This was believed to mainly depend on the gymnasts thinking they will fail to succeed with the exercise followed by causes like previous injuries and mental immatureness. Most gymnasts and coaches have in some way tried to solve the problem, mainly by physical measures and have in situations of mental blockings felt afraid, frustrated and like failure. Conclusions Mental blockings is a big problem and few gymnasts and coaches know how to handle them. The need of more research in the area and focus on mental training in the gymnastics association is big.

The purpose of this study was to explore whether a previous gymnastic or tumbling injury influences gymnasts' and tumblers' self-efficacy, motivation, competition anxiety, and fears of pain and injury. Participants (N = 105) completed survey packets during practice which contained demographic questions and questionnaires that measure self-efficacy for physical abilities and exercise, self-motivation, risk of injury, pain catastrophizing, and sport anxiety. Results of a one-way ANOVA indicated that gymnasts and tumblers who experienced a previous injury were significantly different than those who had not experienced an injury on their self-efficacy for physical abilities (p = .007), self-motivation (p = .007), and perceived risk of reinjury (p = .018). Specifically, these findings indicate that gymnasts and tumblers with previous injuries experience higher levels of self-efficacy for physical abilities, self-motivation, and perceived risk of reinjury. Implications for coaches, gymnasts, and tumblers include: creating an open and comfortable environment to discuss pain and injury, developing strategies to break the negative cycle of fear of injury, and fostering a positive rehabilitation process. In the future, researchers should examine the influence that gender and type of competition has on self-efficacy, self-motivation, perceived risk of reinjury, pain perceptions, and competition anxiety of those who have experienced sport-related injuries, as compared to those who have not experienced these types of injuries. Researchers should also examine how the type of injury, whether it is a first time injury versus a reinjury, influences perceptions of pain and fears directly following the injury.

The purpose of the study was to determine if subjects would improve in cardiovascular efficiency following a six-week program of trampolining and/or tumbling. Literature concerning cardiovascular efficiency, training, trampoline, testing instruments, test selection and maximal oxygen intake were thoroughly reviewed. The Astrand test of maximal oxygen intake and the Cooper twelve-minute run test of aerobic capacity were found to best fit the needs of the present study.

The general purpose of this paper is to provide resource materials in tumbling activities for use with grades one through six of the elementary schools of Dade County, Florida. Sub-problem one--To determine the activities to be included in a tumbling program for the elementary school of Dade County. Sub-problem two--To present these tumbling activities in the form of a 16 MM sound motion picture and a detailed teaching manual. / Typescript. / "August, 1953." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: Kenneth D. Miller, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-24).

Tumbling take-offs on floor exercise apparatuses of varying stiffness properties may contribute to apparatus behaviors that lead to increased injury exposure. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the kinematics, kinetics, and timing performance characteristics of a springfloor and a spring-floor with an added Air FloorTM. Five male international gymnasts performed a forward handspring to forward somersault and a round off, flic flac, backward somersault on a standard spring-floor and a spring-floor with an Air FloorTM. Performances were measured via high-speed video kinematics (lower extremity joint angles and positions), electromyography of eight lower extremity muscles, mean peak forces on the feet, and timing. Comparisons of spring-floor types, lower extremity joint angles, lower extremity muscle activations, foot forces, and selected durations were determined. The spring floor with Air FloorTM resulted in longer take-off contact durations than spring-floor alone. Dynamic knee angles may indicate an unexpected and potentially injurious motion of the triceps surae musculotendinous structures. This pilot and hypothesis generating study has suggested future research examining dynamic knee position and angle changes, the role of spring-floor vibration and stiffness in take-offs, and take-off muscle activation alignment with the stiffness of the spring-floor. Pragmatically, there appears to be a convergence of evidence indicating that a slower frequency response of the spring floor may assist tumbling performance and reduce stress and strain in the lower extremity.