Syftet med den här essän är att belysa vikten av föräldrakontakt i förskolan genom att undersöka hur en pedagog bör förhålla sig till sin egen och föräldrars syn på gränssättning och uppfostran. Essäns utgångspunkt är en självupplevd situation där ett barn blir hämtad av sin förälder på förskolan. Föräldern verkar inte sätta tillräckligt tydliga gränser för att få med sig barnet hem när han önskar. I situationen framkommer det att pedagogen och föräldern har olika syn på uppfostran och gränssättning och därmed olika förhållningssätt när de bemöter barnet. Problemet blir hur pedagogen ska förhålla sig till deras olika förhållningssätt och bemöta föräldern på förskolan. Ska pedagoger påverka föräldrars uppfostran och gränserna de sätter? Och hur ska det göras i sådana fall? Essän belyser hur ett gott samarbete kan ske genom kommunikation mellan pedagog och förälder. Den belyser också vilka aspekter som kan vara viktiga att ta hänsyn till när föräldrar och pedagoger sätter gränser för barnen. Den vetenskapliga inriktningen på uppsatsen är hermeneutisk och ett normkritiskt perspektiv intas för att få en bred reflektion. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för essän är forskaren Diana Baumrinds tre uppfostringsstilar. De tre uppfostringsstilarna är den auktoritära, den fria och den auktoritativa uppfostringsstilen. Några begrepp som används i uppsatsen är modellmakt, kunskapsmakt, det kompetenta barnet, personliga gränser, generella gränser och auktoritet. Jag kommer att undersöka följande två frågeställningar för att kunna reflektera kring berättelsen: Hur påverkar förskolans och hemmets olika uppfostringsstilar och syn på gränssättning barns lärande och utveckling? Hur bör en god kommunikation och ett gott samarbete ske mellan pedagog och föräldrar gällande barns uppfostran? Genom undersökningen har jag kommit fram till att föräldrasamarbete bidrar till mycket positiva effekter för barns lärande och utveckling. Pedagoger och föräldrar behöver samtala om deras olika förhållningsätt för att lära hur de ska samarbeta i framtiden. Att sätta gränser skapar trygga barn men gränserna behöver anpassas efter varje barn. Genom vägledning av vuxna utvecklar barn sin känslouppfattning och de lär sig ta hänsyn till andras känslor. Den auktoritära uppfostringsstilen är inte eftersträvandsvärd i dagens samhälle. Den auktoritativa uppfostringsstilen är eftersträvansvärd och jag uppfattar den som en norm i förskolan. Det för att föräldrars förhållningssätt i hemmet är likvärdigt med förskole pedagogernas och värderingarna i läroplanen. Barnen får därmed erfarenheter hemifrån som är till fördel i förskolan. Den fria uppfostran ger inte barnen lika fördelaktiga erfarenheter. / The purpose of this essay is to shed light on the importance of parental contact in preschool by examining how a pedagogue should relate to his/her own and the parents view on boundaries and upbringing. The starting-point of the essay is a self-experienced situation where a child is being picked up by his parent at preschool. The parent does not seem to put distinct enough boundaries in order to bring the child home when he wishes to. The situation reveals that the pedagogue and the parent have different views on upbringing and boundaries, and therefore use different approaches with the child. The issue for the pedagogue is how to handle their different approaches and respond to the parent at the preschool. Should pedagogues influence how parents bring up their children and the boundaries that they set? If so, how should it be done? The essay highlights how good cooperation can be achieved through communication between pedagogues and parents. It also sheds light on what aspects may be important to consider when parents and pedagogues set boundaries for the children. The scientific approach of this paper is hermeneutic and a norm-critical perspective has been taken to allow broader reflections. The theoretical starting point for the essay is the researcher Diana Baumrind's three upbringing styles. The three upbringing styles are the authoritarian, the permissive and the authoritative upbringing style. Some concepts used in the essay are model power, knowledge power, the competent child, personal boundaries, general boundaries and authority. I will investigate the following two questions to reflect on the situation: How do different upbringing styles at preschool and at home affect children's learning and development? What should good communication and good cooperation between pedagogues and parents look like regarding the upbringing of the children? The study finds that parental cooperation contributes to very positive effects for children's learning and development. Pedagogues and parents need to talk about their different approaches in order to learn how to collaborate in the future. Setting boundaries form confident children, but the boundaries need to be adapted to each child. Through the guidance of adults, children develop their feelings of understanding and they learn to take into account the feelings of others. The authoritarian upbringing style is not desirable in today's society. The authoritative upbringing style is desirable and I perceive it as a norm at preschools. This is because the parents approach at home would be equivalent to the one of the preschool pedagogues and to the values in the curriculum. The children thereby gain experiences at home that are beneficial in preschool. The permissive upbringing does not give the children equally beneficial experiences.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of digital technologies in relation to toddler children, analysis of differences in education and approach of their parents. The theoretical part defines terms such as digital literacy, digital technology, parent, toddler and others, which is closely related to the topic, mentions their brief characteristics and evokes connections between them. It introduces the reader to the developmental specifics of the toddler's child and presents different styles of attitudes of parents and educators to the current nature of digital media and the subsequent impact on the chosen age group. Based on the comparison of used literature and deeper exploration of the topic, the thesis confirms the chosen hypothesis, which is the starting point for the practical task. The practical part is focused on application-didactic work, where we find a list of suitable recommendations, available programs and applications, which are a guide for parents and educators who are not fully oriented in the risks and consequences of using current digital technologies, especially the target group of children in the pre-stage. entering pre-school education.

This study aimed at investigating the influence of locus of control and upbringing style on creative thinking of preparatory school learners in schools in the United Arab Emirates. Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following questions: *What is the effect of the family upbringing type (authoritative/authoritarian) on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? *What is the effect of the type of locus of control (internal/external) on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? *What is the effect of the interrelationships of family upbringing type and locus of control on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? Three scales were used in this study: *The Arabized Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale *Fawzi Abu jabal Scale of family upbringing style *Torrance Tests of creative thinking In order to answer the above-mentioned questions, a random sample from students in the ninth grade was selected. The sample consisted of (527) male and female students. In order to examine the questions of the study and to identify the effects of each of these independent variables, along with there interactions on creative thinking; the following statistical techniques were used: *T-tests *Chi-square tests *Pearson's bivariate and multi-variate correlation *Analysis of variance (222) *Stepwise regression analysis The findings of this study showed: *Upbringing style and the locus of control had a significant effect on creative thinking. All differences were in favour of the internal locus of control and the authoritative upbringing style. *Gender had no significant effect on creative thinking. *There were no significant effects for the dual and treble interactions of the independent variables (gender, upbringing style and locus of control) on creative thinking. The results were interpreted in light of a literature review and the students' socialization practices. / Early Childhood Education and Development / D.Ed. (Socio-Education)

This study aimed at investigating the influence of locus of control and upbringing style on creative thinking of preparatory school learners in schools in the United Arab Emirates. Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following questions: *What is the effect of the family upbringing type (authoritative/authoritarian) on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? *What is the effect of the type of locus of control (internal/external) on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? *What is the effect of the interrelationships of family upbringing type and locus of control on the creative thinking of grade 9 students in schools in the United Arab Emirates? Three scales were used in this study: *The Arabized Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale *Fawzi Abu jabal Scale of family upbringing style *Torrance Tests of creative thinking In order to answer the above-mentioned questions, a random sample from students in the ninth grade was selected. The sample consisted of (527) male and female students. In order to examine the questions of the study and to identify the effects of each of these independent variables, along with there interactions on creative thinking; the following statistical techniques were used: *T-tests *Chi-square tests *Pearson's bivariate and multi-variate correlation *Analysis of variance (222) *Stepwise regression analysis The findings of this study showed: *Upbringing style and the locus of control had a significant effect on creative thinking. All differences were in favour of the internal locus of control and the authoritative upbringing style. *Gender had no significant effect on creative thinking. *There were no significant effects for the dual and treble interactions of the independent variables (gender, upbringing style and locus of control) on creative thinking. The results were interpreted in light of a literature review and the students' socialization practices. / Early Childhood Education and Development / D.Ed. (Socio-Education)