Klimatpåverkan från byggprocesser i Sverige uppgår till cirka 10 miljoner ton koldioxid årligen. Varav 40 procent beräknas komma från husprojekt och resterande 60 procent från anläggningsprojekt. I dagens samhälle finns ett stort intresse av att optimera byggnader till att bli så energisnåla som möjligt och därav så billiga som möjligt i drift. Vilket även medfört att miljöpåverkan från driftsektorn har minskat markant. Däremot betraktas sällan påverkan från framställning av ingående material och produktionen på bygget. En väl känd fras är att så mycket som 85 procent av en byggnads totala koldioxidutsläpp uppkom i drift och brukarskedet. Så är inte fallet i dagsläget, nu beräknas en byggnad under sin produktions- och bruksfas ha i princip samma miljöpåverkan genom koldioxidutsläpp. Materialval har under en längre tid gjorts efter vad de innehåller och hur det kommer påverka människans hälsa. Nu görs materialval även med tanke på mängd koldioxidutsläpp under dess livscykel. Vid val av material kan en avgörande skillnad för miljön och klimatets framtid göras. NCC folkboende är ett koncepthus av platsgjuten betong som är omtyckt av beställare och även av NCC att bygga. NCC bygger mycket bostäder och i många fall är det Folkboenden. Därför är det av intresse att undersöka hur ett byte av betongstomme till KL-trä påverkar byggnadens koldioxidutsläpp. Arbetet skall förtydliga om stombytet genererar en reducering av koldioxid samtidigt som det är möjligt att behålla det omtycka konceptets planlösningar. Det som framgår av examensarbetet är hur ett hus på åtta våningar påverkas av att stommen byggs i KL-trä jämfört med att platsgjutas. I miljödelen av arbetet behandlas framställning av de olika materialen samt dess transport till bygget. Dimensionering av byggnaden påvisar att samma planlösning i lägenheter är möjlig att behålla, samtidigt som en reducering på 20 procent gentemot ursprungliga stommens koldioxidutsläpp erhålls. Examensarbetet kan fungera som ett underlag för NCC att motivera trä som stommaterial till kund genom att påvisa den reducering av koldioxid som är tillgänglig för dem att bidraga med. / Climate influences from building processes in Sweden is around 10 million tonnes of carbon dioxide each year. In today’s society there is a big interest in to get buildings as energy effective as possible and thru that also less expensive to own. This has also caused that the impact on the environment have become a little smaller. In a while ago it was said that a building had 85 percent of its total carbon dioxide emissions during the operational phase. Now a day’s the impact of carbon dioxide during operational phase and impact of construction phase is pretty much the same. Materials have since a while back been chosen for what impact it has on the personal health. Today there’s also a lot of thought on what impact the material have on the environment thru carbon dioxide during its lifecycle. When choosing material an important difference for the future environment can be done. NCC Folkboende is a concept building that’s grout on site. The concept is popular among its clients and also among NCC to build. Since NCC are building a lot of housings and not rarely Folkboende its interesting to see what effect the change of framework has on carbon dioxide emissions and if it’s possible to keep the popular planning. This report will show how an eight stories high concrete building will be affected if the framework would be of cross-laminated timber instead of reinforced concrete. The building will be sized and proved to be able to keep the same planning on the housing, together with a 20 percent carbon dioxide reduction thanks to the material choice. This report could be used as basis for NCC to convince its clients to choose a framework of CLT without affecting the planning and at the same time make the environment a good favor.

That the environmental issue is on the agenda today has hardly escaped anyone. The emissions that we humans cause affect the climate, in the form of greenhouse gases but also elevated levels of hazardous particles and high levels of noise. The biggest causes of greenhouse gas emissions in Sweden are due to road transport. In accordance with the Paris agreement that Sweden has signed, we must reduce emissions from transport by 8% each year to reach the target by 2030. The municipal transport is an area where efforts are being made today to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. One way to proceed is to make use of coordinated distribution of goods, as the municipality uses a distribution center where goods are delivered together. The purpose of this study is to show how coordinated distribution of goods can affect the environmental and local trade from a municipality's perspective. The goal is to make compilations for the environmental impact this distribution method can have, in order for a municipality to be able to see the potential affect this can obtain. In addition, the work should provide an understanding of how local trade can be affected by co-distribution. To investigate this, we have built up a theoretical framework, focused on the basics of logistics, distribution strategies, environment, and the public procurement act (LOU, 2016: 1145). Then we have studied a good example of a municipality that implemented coordinated product distribution, where we have used existing data. We have then compared this information to a commune that does not use the distribution strategy today, to see what effects it could have if a municipality implemented it. To obtain information about the municipality, we conducted a qualitative interview with the municipality's purchasing manager. With this we have been able to answer the study's problem statement: How can coordinated distribution of food products affect the environment, transport and competition in the municipality of Umeå? The results of the study show that a coordinated distribution of food in Umeå municipality can reduce the number of transports and the amount of emissions. Furthermore, there are indications that this distribution strategy enables small local manufacturers to participate in procurement and to be awarded contracts.

The United Nations climate change conferences are the utmost platform for climate change negotiations and are convened under an international treaty known as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The causes of greenhouse gas emissions are deeply embedded in the economic and social activity on a global scale and yet, developing countries are expected to evolve into developed countries without straining the environment further. Knowledge of the interest of the participants at the COP is limited since no other research projects have measured it quantitively and at a large scale. This thesis aims to examine the professional interest in adaptation of delegates to the UNFCCC relative to other issue areas (mitigation and financing) and if there has been a shift in focus pre- and post-Paris Agreement. This thesis uses quantitative survey data gathered by The International Negotiations Survey (INS) together with two external indexes and data regarding CO2 emissions per capita for each country. While the chosen indexes to some extent overlap, they both contribute to the analysis by allowing to (1) measure the economic and social development of a country (HDI), (2) measure a country´s vulnerability to climate change (ND-GAIN). The results in this thesis show that there is a difference in interest among respondents that represent different HDI-categories. Results show that when comparing interest in adaptation to the external indexes, the more vulnerable a country is to the effects of climate change according to their ND-GAIN score the more interested their delegates are in adaptation. The results also indicate that respondents that represent countries that are most capable of addressing the effects of climate change show the least interest in doing so.