Thesis (M.A.)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores the interpretation and syntax of construction that realize reflexivity in Tshiven~a. Chapter One: deals with the introduction of the study. The binding theory in its general principles and definitions will be analyzed. Chapter Two: deals with the interpretation of reflexive di-verb " constructions. In this chapter various verb types with ~i- will be given. (i) Mono-transitive verbs (ii) Di-transitive verbs. Chapter Three: deals with the derived verb that is applicative, causative and passive. The appearing of ~i- verbs with derived verbs will be examined. Chapter Four: deals with ~i- verbs followed by the reflexive emphasizer -~e.The interpretation of prepositional phrases (PP) with the reflexive meaning will be considered and the applicability of binding theory to these phrases will be explored. Chapter Five: deals with the findings, recommendations and conclusion of the study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die interpretasie en sintaksis van die konstruksie wat die refleksief in Tshivenda moontlik maak. Hoofstuk een bevat die inleiding van die studie. Veral die algemene beginsels en definisie van die bindingsteorie word bekyk. Hoofstuk twee handeloor die interpretasie van konstruksies met die refleksiewe fji-werkwoord. In hierdie hoofstuk word verskeie werkwoord kategorieë met fji- behandel waaronder enkeloorganklike en dubbeloorganklike werkwoorde. Hoofstuk drie handeloor die afgeleide werkwoorde nl. die applikatief, kousatief en passief. Die voorkoms van die refleksiewe fji- met hierdie afgeleide werkwoorde word ondersoek. Hoofstuk VIer handeloor fji- werkwoorde gevolg deur die refleksiewe beklemtoner -ne. Die interpretasie van preposisionele frases met 'n refleksiewe betekenis word oorweeg en die toepasbaarheid van die bindingsteorie op hierdie frases word ondersoek. Hoofstuk vyf handeloor die bevindinge, aanbevelings en konklusie van die studie.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The lemmatisation of nouns in African and Non-African language dictionaries is investigated with a view to account for the development of a theoretical framework of how nouns could be lemmatised in a Tshivenda monolingual dictionary. Within the African language dictionaries two traditions exist for lemmatisation of nouns: the stem or root system and the word system. Dictionaries belonging to the Nguni languages enter nouns according to the letter of the root or stem and this has been followed because of the presence of a preprefix in these langauges. Languages like Venda, Tsonga and Sotho usually enter nouns in the dictionary under the first letter of the prefix if present. In African languages the morphological and syntactic category noun is exactly the same. With syntax and morphology the category noun is presented by the root or stem of the noun with prefixes added as inherent semantic and grammatical features of such nouns. So, the exact entry in a dictionary has to be considered form the view point of the syntactic and morphological category only. Taking these considerations into account a case can be made for the treatment of nouns in dictionaries. In a Tshivenda monolingual dictionary nouns are entered as head of the noun phrases (NPs); thus indicating the syntactic operation of the noun outside the context of a sentence. In other instances the syntactic operations are indicated within the context of a sentence and this information is indicated within a dictionary implicitly or covertly by means of illustrative examples. Nouns in these dictionaries may appear with two and or more than two arguments. Semantically, the noun Halwa in a Tshivenda monolingual dictionary may have two arguments: firstly it may mean "an intoxicating drink" and secondly it may refer to "a container for holding beer". Thus the noun in African language dictionaries, Tshivenda in particular, could be represented syntactically morphologically and semantically. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die lemmatisering van naamwoorde in Afrika- en nie-Afrikatale woordeboeke is ondersoek om 'n teoretiese raamwerk te ontwikkel vir die lemmatisering van naamwoorde in 'n Tshivenda eentalige woordeboek. Binne die Afrikatale woordeboek bestaan twee tradisies vir die lemmatisering van naamwoorde: die stamsisteem en die woordsisteem. Woordeboek vir die Ngunitale skryf naamwoorde in volgens die eerste letter van die stam: Dié stelsel is toegepas weens die teenwoordigheid van 'n voorprefiks in hierdie tale. Tale soos Venda, Tsonga en Sotho neem gewoonlik naamwoorde in die woordeboek op onder die eerste letter van die prefiks, as daar een is. In die Afrikatale is die morfologiese en sintaktiese kategorie naamwoord presies dieselfde. Die naamwoord word deur die stam of wortel verteenwoordig en van prefikse vergesel ter aanduiding van bepaalde semantiese en grammatikale kenmerke. Die presiese inskrywing in 'n woordeboek word bepaal deur die sintaksiese en morfologiese kategorie. Baie aandag moet dus gegee word aan die aard van die behandeling van naamwoorde in woordeboeke. In 'n Tshivenda eentalige woordeboek, word naamworde opgeneem as kern van die naamwoordstukke ter aanduiding van die sintaksiese optrede van die naamwoord buite die konteks van 'n sin. In ander gevalle word die sintaksiese optrede aangedui binne die konteks van 'n sin en hierdie inligting word in 'n woordeboek implisiet aangedui deur middel van voorbeeldmateriaal. Naamwoorde in hierdie woordeboek kan met twee en of meer as twee argumente voorkom. Semanties kan die naamwoord [ Halwa] in 'n Tshivenda eentalige woordeboek twee argumente hê : eerstens kan dit beteken" 'n dronkmakende bier" en tweedens 'n blik wat bier hou". Dus kan die naamwoorde in Afrikataalwoordeboeke, veral Tshivenda, sintakties, morfologies en semanties voorgestel word.

Thesis (MA)--University of South Africa, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on nasal strengthening and nasal assimilation processes in Tshivenda. Two phonological models are applied in order to present credible descriptions and explanations of these phenomena. After having described the core components of, respectively, the classical Transformational Generative (TG) model of Chomsky & Halle (1968), and the more contemporary feature Geometry (FG) model, analyses of the phenomena are presented. It appears as if the TG model can handle the idiosyncrasies of the language more elegantly, with a sustained high level of credibility. The FG model is unable to render the same results. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op nasaalversterking en nasaalassimilasie in Tshivenda. Twee fonologiese modelle word aangewend om hierdie verskynsels te beskryf en te verklaar. Die klassieke versie van liniêre fonologie, die sogenaamde SPE model van Chomsky en Halle (1968) is eerste aan die orde gestel. Daar is gevind dat dit tot In groot mate daarin slaag om die onderskeie prosesse te verklaar. Nadat die kernkomponente van die sogenaamde FG model verduidelik is, is hierdie modelook toegepas. Verskeie gebreke in die toepassing van hierdie model het na vore gekom. Ten slotte word bevind dat die klassieke TG model die verskynsels meer omvattend kan hanteer as die FG model.

Thesis (M. A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / Muhumbulo muhulawane wa ṱhoḓisiso iyi ho vha u sengulusa ndeme ya mikhwa na vhuḓifari zwo ḓisendeka kha ngano dza Tshivenḓa. Ngudo iyi yo zwi bvisela khagala na u tumbula uri ndi zwa ndeme vhukuma u anetshela vhana ngano sa izwi dzi dzone thikho ya u funza vhana mikhwa na vhuḓifari havhuḓi vhune vha ḓo vhu shumisa kha vhutshilo havho hoṱhe mahayani, zwikoloni, mishumoni, kerekeni na hoṱhehoṱhe. Ṱhoḓisiso iyi yo dovha hafhu ya sumbedza na masiandaitwa a mikhwa na vhuḓifari vhu si havhuḓi. Ho ḓo wanala mawanwa na themendelo dzi bvaho kha mafhungo o kuvhanganywaho a themendelaho uri naho hu khou vha na u dzhenelela ha zwithu zwinzhi zwa maitele a musalauno, kha ri ḓiṋee tshifhinga tsha u anetshela vhana na zwiḓuhulu zwashu ngano sa zwe zwa itwa nga vha musalauḽa u itela u vhulunga luambo na mvelele yashu ya Tshivenḓa.

Thesis (M.A. (African languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2009 / Musi ro sedza ḓivhazwakale ya murundu kha Vhavenḓa ri wana zwauri musi Vhavenḓa vha sa athu u kona u fumbisa vho vha vha tshi fumbiseliwa vhatukana vhavho nga Vhalemba na nga Vhapeli. Luambo lune lwa shumisiwa murunduni ndi lwo khetheaho ngauri a lu fani na luambo lune vhathu vha lu shumisa ḓuvha na ḓuvha. Luambo lwa hone lu shumisiwa murunduni fhedzi. Arali o yaho murunduni a nga shumisa luambo lwa murunduni hu na a songo yaho a nga si pfe uri hu khou ambiwa nga ha mini. Nyimbo dzine dza imbiwa murunduni ndi nnzhi vhukuma. Naho hu na nyimbo dzine dza imbiwa nga Tshivenḓa murunduni ya Vhavenḓa ngoho ndi ya uri vhunzhi hadzo ndi dza Tshisuthu. Milayo ya murunduni ndi minzhi vhukuma fhedzi ine ya vha ya ndeme ndi ya u gudisa vhatukana u kona u ṱhonifha, u shuma, na u konḓelela. Kha milayo ya murunduni vhatukana vha funziwa u kona u tshila na vhaṅwe vhathu ngauri muthu a nga si kone u tshila e eṱhe vhutshiloni.

M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the Predicate Argument Structure (PAS) of the verbs of existence with special reference to transitive and intransitive verbs in Tshivenda. Chapter One is the introduction of this study. It states the purpose of study, theoretical framework, organisation of study as well as the predicate argument structure of the verbs of existence. representation (i.e.theta-roles) are also defined. The lexical - semantic A review of Chomsky's Government and Binding theory is given. The study also examines the different types of verbs of existence. Chapter Two of this study examines the arguments of verbs of existence. The external NP argument in subject position will be considered with the features [+animate] i.e. (humans and animal) or [-animate]. The interpretation of the example sentence of the arguments will also be given. Chapter Three examines the compatibility between verbs of existence and several syntactic operations. These possible operations include the locative inversion, locative alternation, location subject alternation, location instrument alternation, the benefactive and the locative. Chapter Four is the conclusion where the summary of the main contents of the previous chapters is given. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hiedie navorsing ondersoek die Predikaat Argument Struktuur van die werkwoorde van bestaan met spesiale verwysing na oorganklike en onoorganklike werkwoorde in Tshivenda. Hoofstuk Een is die inleiding van hierdie navorsing. Dit gee die doel van die studie, die teoretiese raamwerk, organisasie van die studie, sowel as die predikaat argument struktuur van die werkwoorde van bestaan. Die leksikaal semantiese representasie (d.i. die theta-roll e) is gedefinieer. Die aannames van Chomsky se Government en Binding teorie is gegee. Die studie poog ook om die verskillende vorms van die werkwoord van bestaan te gee. Hoofstuk Twee ondersoek die argumente van die werkwoorde van bestaan. Die eksterne argumente in onderwerp-posisie val saam met die kenmerke (+lewendig) d.i. (mense en diere) of (-lewendig). Die interpretasie van die voorbeeldsin is ook gegee. Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek die alternasies van die werkwoorde van bestaan en verskeie sintaktiese operasies. Hierdie operasies sluit in die lokatiewe inversie, -alternasie, -onderwerp alternasie, -instrument alternasie, die bevoordeelde en die lokatiewe. Hoofstuk Vier is die konklusie waarin 'n samevatting van die vonge Hoofstukke gegee word.

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) -- University of Limpopo, 2003 / Refer to document

Thesis (Ph.D.(African Languages)) -- University of the North, 1972 / Refer to the document

AZEVEDO, Pedro Mapurunga. Determinantes do preço de venda da cera de carnaúba beneficiada. 2010. 38f. Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Programa de Pós Graduação em Economia, CAEN, Universidade federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 2010. / Submitted by Mônica Correia Aquino (monicacorreiaaquino@gmail.com) on 2013-09-03T22:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dissert_pmazevedo.pdf: 191403 bytes, checksum: d71cfb0a5eaea2323ca48d3d6fefbe43 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Mônica Correia Aquino(monicacorreiaaquino@gmail.com) on 2013-09-03T22:34:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dissert_pmazevedo.pdf: 191403 bytes, checksum: d71cfb0a5eaea2323ca48d3d6fefbe43 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-03T22:34:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dissert_pmazevedo.pdf: 191403 bytes, checksum: d71cfb0a5eaea2323ca48d3d6fefbe43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / At this article, it was analyzed the real capacity of some valuation in a sales price of composition in a Carnauba Wax and it was tried to preview this price, the linear model that has been used was Least Quarters. Despite of ad hoc, the studied model and chosen variables have showed satisfactory results, it has been chosen macroeconomics variables, weathers variables (dummy) and specifics variables. The final results confirmed some empiric affirmations however it showed some results that business men from its market used to say the other way round. / Nesta dissertação foi analisada a influência de algumas variáveis explicativas na capacidade de composição de preço de venda da Cera de Carnaúba beneficiada, e a tentativa de prevê-la, o modelo linear utilizado foi o de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO). Apesar de ad hoc, o modelo e as variáveis escolhidas mostraram resultados bastante satisfatórios, onde foram escolhidas variáveis macroeconômicas, variáveis climáticas (dummy) e variáveis setoriais. O resultado final do estudo confirmou algumas afirmações que eram feitas de forma empírica, mas também demonstrou resultados que foram contra ao que especialistas do assunto julgavam como verdades absolutas.