No description available.

A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science. / Sprint interval training (SIT) is a time-efficient strategy to improve cardiorespiratory fitness; however, most protocols have been studied in a laboratory setting and require specialized equipment. We investigated the efficacy of brief intense stair climbing as a practical model of SIT to improve cardiometabolic health, with a key measure being cardiorespiratory fitness as indicated by peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Two separate studies, each consisting of an acute and chronic phase, were conducted in a total of 31 sedentary women (age=24±10 y; BMI=23±4 kg•m-2). The acute phase of Study 1 established that the heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses were similar when participants (n=8) performed a SIT protocol that involved 3x20-s “all-out” efforts of either continuous stair climbing or cycling, interspersed with 2 min of recovery. The chronic phase demonstrated that when participants (n=12) performed the 3x20-s stair climbing protocol 3 d•wk-1 for 6 wk, absolute and relative VO2peak increased by 12%, or ~1 metabolic equivalent (1.80±0.25 to 2.02±0.27 L•min-1, p<0.001), as there were no changes in body mass (p=0.35), fat free mass (FFM; p=0.09) or % body fat (p=0.42). There were also no changes in resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP; p=0.82 and p=0.97, respectively), resting HR (p=0.62), and fasting insulin sensitivity (p=0.52). The acute phase of Study 2 established that the HR and RPE responses were similar when participants (n=11) performed three different stair climbing protocols. The protocols investigated include the 3x20-s continuous ascent model used in Study 1 (protocol 1), as well as 3x60-s bouts of ascending and descending either one or two flights of stairs, with 60-s of recovery (protocol 2 and 3, respectively). The chronic phase demonstrated that when the same group of subjects performed the 3x60-s 1-flight protocol 3 d•wk-1 for 6 wk, absolute and relative VO2peak increased by 8 and 7%, respectively (1.79±0.36 to 1.93±0.39 L•min-1, p=0.001; 31.2±4.6 to 33.3±5.3 mL•kg-1•min-1; p=0.01). Despite no changes in % body fat (p=0.10), there was an increase 3% increase in FFM (p<0.001). There was no change in systolic (p=0.50) and diastolic BP (p=1.00), but resting HR improved by 8% after training (p=0.03). The change in insulin sensitivity derived from an OGTT was 7.1±11 mg I2•mmol-1•mIU-1•min-1 (p=0.056). These findings demonstrate that brief intense stair climbing is a practical, time-efficient strategy to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in previously untrained women. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Sprint interval training (SIT), involving brief bouts of very intense exercise separated by short periods of recovery, is a time-efficient alternative to traditional endurance training for improving fitness. This has largely been established in laboratory settings using specialized equipment, which is impractical for many individuals. This project examined whether brief intense stair climbing was a practical model of SIT to elicit adaptations previously shown with cycling protocols. Subjects performed either three 20-s ascents interspersed with 2 min recovery periods, or three 60-s bouts of ascending and descending one or two flights of stairs, with 60-s recovery periods. Both protocols were 10 min in duration including warm-up and cool-down, and subjects trained three days per week for six weeks. The main finding was that stair climbing is a practical, time-efficient model to improve fitness in previously sedentary individuals.

No description available.

No description available.

Hipotezė: 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančių merginų vegetacinių sistemų rodiklių pokyčiai krūvio metu bus didesni, nei šokėjų ir nesportuojančių. Tikslas: Įvertinti 18-22 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančių merginų, greitosios adaptacijos aerobiniams ėjimo krūviams, ypatumus. Tiriamieji: 10 šokėjų, 12 nesportuojančių sveikų merginų, ir 12 sergančių 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu merginų. Tyrimo metodai: 1. Kūno kompozicija 2. dujų analizė 3. pulsometrija 4. biocheminė kraujo analizė 5. standartinis šešių minučių ėjimo krūvis bėgtakiu 6. matematinė statistika. Tyrimo organizavimas: Tyrimas atliktas 2011-2012 metais. Tyrime dalyvavo 34 merginos, kurios buvo suskirstytos į 3 grupes: I grupę sudarė 1 tipo cukriniu diabetu sergančios merginos (n=12), II grupę šokėjos (n=10), III grupę nesportuojančios sveikos merginos (n=12). Tiriamosios buvo 18-22 metų amžiaus. Tiriamosios, atvykusios į Lietuvos kūno kultūros akademijos sporto fiziologijos labaratorija, buvo supažindintos su tyrimu. Prieš tyrimą tiriamosioms buvo atlikta kūno sudėties analizė su „Tanita TBF-300-A “ svartyklėmis. “Tanita TBF-300-A” svarstyklėmis buvo nustatyta tiriamųjų: kūno masė, KMI (kūno masės indeksas), riebalų masė (%), riebalų masė (kg). Visos tyrime dalyvavusios merginos atliko 6 minučių standartinį ėjimo testą bėgtakiu VIASYS LE 200 CE (Vokietija) pagal (1 tyrimo protokolą). 6 minučių standartinio ėjimo testo metu buvo atliktas tiesioginis MDS nustatymas dujų analizatoriumi „Oxycon Mobile“ (Jaeger, Vokietija)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Hypothesis: We thought that type 1 diabetic girls vegetative system parameters during exercise will be higher than the dancers and untrained. The aim of the study: To evaluate the type 1 diabetic quick adaptation of aerobic walking loads, characteristics Subjects: 10 dancers, 12 untrained healthy women, 12 patients with type 1 diabetic women. The methods of the study: 1. Body composition 2. gas analysis 3. pulsometry 4. biochemical blood analysis 5. standard 6-minute treadmill walk test 6. mathematical statistics. The organization of the study: The study was conducted from 2011 to 2012 years. The study included 34 women were divided into 3 groups: group I consisted of type 1 diabetic girls (n = 12), group II dancers (n = 10), III group of healthy untrained girls (n = 12). The participants were between 18-22 years of age. Before the study subjects was performed body composition analysis with Tanita TBF-300-A."Tanita TBF-300-A subjects were found on scales: body weight, BMI (body mass index), fat mass (%), fat mass (kg).All the girls participated in the study, carried out a standard 6-minute treadmill walk test VIASYS LE 200 CE (Germany) in accordance with (1 TABLE). Standard 6-minute walk test was carried out directly by the gas analyzer MDS "Oxycon Mobile (Jaeger, Germany). Total 6-minute walk test in a standard treadmill VIASYS LE 200 CE (Germany) and recovery time using a portable system Oxycon Mobile has been recorded in gas exchange rates of oxygen consumption (VO2)... [to full text]

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In one sample, X-Ray diffractions have been measured as a function of the temperature, in order to follow the crystallographic transition experienced by VO2 near 68ºC. The results have been analysed with the aide of a software based in the Rietveld structure refinement method. Below the critical temperature, the material is in a monoclinic M1 phase, with the V-V dimers parallel to the substrate. Near transition temperature, is has been identified a coexistence of the M1 and R phases, separated by a M2 region. The coexistence occurs inside individual grains. In contrast with the M1 and R phases, frequently identified in the VO2 transition, this is the first time the M2 phase is reported in < 011 > textured polycrystalline films of VO2 deposited by magnetron sputtering. A comparison between the M1 and R peaks width, at room temperature and (95ºC) respectively, shows the M1 phase is under inhomogeneous stress. Although in average those stresses are tensile, an important fraction of the sample is under compressive stress, what could explain the presence of the M2 phase. / Características estruturais e morfológicas de filmes de óxido de vanádio depositados pela técnica de magnetron sputtering reativo foram determinadas por difração de RX. Os filmes estudados, isentos de qualquer contaminação com outras estequiometrias, são constituídos de grãos relativamente grandes e estão fortemente texturizados com a direção < 011 > praticamente perpendicular ao substrato. Em uma amostra foram extraídos difratogramas em função da temperatura para acompanhar a transição cristalográfica que o VO2 sofre próximo a temperatura de 68ºC. Os resultados obtidos para as diferentes temperaturas foram analizados com o auxílio de um software baseado no método Rietveld de refinamento de estruturas. Para temperaturas abaixo da temperatura crítica para a transição, o material apresentou-se na fase monoclínica M1 com os dímeros de vanádio alinhados paralelos ao substrato. Na faixa de temperaturas que compreende a transição, há uma coexistência das fases M1 e R separadas por uma monoclínica M2. Esta coexistência ocorre dentro de grãos individuais da amostra. Ao contrário das fases M1 e R, que normalmente são identificadas na transição do VO2, esta é a primeira vez em que a fase M2 é observada em filmes finos policristalinos depositados por sputtering com textura < 011 >. A comparação entre as larguras dos picos da fase M1 (temperatura ambiente) e da fase rutila R (95ºC) mostra que a fase M1 está sujeita a estresses não homogêneos. Embora na média esse estresse seja tênsil, uma parte apreciável dos cristais se mostra sob estresse compressivo, parte esta que explica o surgimento da fase M2.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:06:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Alves de Aguiar.pdf: 1586651 bytes, checksum: 8d04dd9879dde565cc4689f0800acf3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this study was to determine the mode and the level that the physiological and performance variables influence in repeated running sprint ability. To this end, the study used 27 males participants (10 sprint runners (VEL), 8 long-distance runners (FUN) and 9 active subjects (ATI)). In a synthetic track these subjects were submitted to following tests on different days: 1) Incremental testing for determination of VO2max and maximal aerobic velocity (MAV); 2) constant velocity test at 110%MAV for determination of on- and off transition kinetics of VO2 and accumulated deficit oxygen (AOD); 3; 1 minute all-out test for determination of blood lactate concentration ([lac]s) kinetics and off-transition kinetics of VO2; and 4) repeated sprint test (10 sprints of 35 m departing every 20 s) for determine the total time of sprints, best sprint and percentage decrement score (Sdec). In every tests the [lac]s and blood pH were analyzed for observe the difference between maximal value after exercise and rest value (i.e. &#8710;[lac]s e &#8710;pH).Total time was significant different between all groups (VEL, 49,5 ± 0,9 s; FUN, 52,6 ± 3,1 s; ATI, 55,9s ± 2,6 s) and Sdec was significant lower in long distance runners compared to other groups (VEL, 8,5 ± 2,5%; FUN, 4,0 ± 2,0%; ATI, 8,3 ± 4,1%). Total time was significant correlated with best sprint (r 0,86), AOD in T110 (r = -,061) and T1min (r = -0,60), &#8710;[lac]s (r = -0,64) and &#8710;pH (r = 0,59) in RS, primary time constant (tau1) (r = -0,45) e O2 consumed in fast component after exercise in T1min (r = -0,44). Differently, Sdec was significant correlated with aerobic variables (VO2max, r = -0,59; MAV, r = -0,55; tau1 during exercise, r = 0,41), tau1 after T110 (r = 0,59) and T1min (r = 0,47), as well as, with lactate exchange ability (r 0,75). Therefore, it was concluded that repeated sprint performance is strongly influenced by anaerobic characteristics, while mechanisms related to removal of metabolites originated by anaerobic metabolism and aerobic indices influence to decrease fatigue in RS. / O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o modo e o grau que as variáveis fisiológicas e de desempenho influenciam no desempenho em sprints repetidos. Para este fim, participaram do estudo 27 homens, sendo 10 corredores velocistas (VEL), 8 corredores fundistas (FUN) e 9 sujeitos ativos (ATI). Em uma pista sintética de atletismo estes sujeitos foram submetidos, em dias diferentes, aos seguintes testes: 1) teste incremental para determinação do VO2max e da velocidade aeróbia máxima (MAV); 2) teste de velocidade constante realizado a 110%MAV (T110) para determinar a cinética do VO2 durante e após o exercício e o déficit de oxigênio (AOD); 3) teste de um minuto máximo (T1min), para determinar a cinética da concentração de lactato sanguíneo ([lac]s) e a cinética do VO2 após o exercício; e 4) teste de sprints repetidos (RS) (10 sprints de 35m, intercalados com 20s de recuperação) para determinar o tempo total dos sprints, melhor sprint e a queda do escore em percentual (Sdec). Em todos os testes a [lac]s e o pH sanguíneo foram analisados para observar a diferença entre o valor máximo após o exercício e o valor de repouso (i.e. &#8710;[lac]s e &#8710;pH). Tempo total em RS foi significativamente diferente entre todos os grupos (VEL, 49,5 ± 0,9 s; FUN, 52,6 ± 3,1 s; ATI, 55,9s ± 2,6 s) e Sdec foi significativamente inferior em fundistas comparado aos outros grupos (VEL, 8,5 ± 2,5%; FUN, 4,0 ± 2,0%; ATI, 8,3 ± 4,1%). Tempo total foi correlacionado significativamente com o melhor sprint (r = 0,86), com o AOD no T110 (r = -0,61) e no T1min (r = -0,60), com o &#8710;[lac]s (r = -0,64) e &#8710;pH (r = 0,59) do RS, com a constante de tempo primária (tau1) (r = -0,45) e O2 consumido pelo componente rápido após o exercício no T1min (r = -0,44). Diferentemente, o Sdec foi correlacionado significativamente com variáveis aeróbias (VO2max, r = -0,59; MAV, r = -0,55; tau1 durante T110, r = 0,41), tau1 após T110 (r = 0,59) e T1min (r = 0,47), bem como, com a constante de tempo da entrada do lactato no compartimento sanguíneo no T1min (r = -0,75). Portanto, foi concluído que o desempenho em sprints repetidos é altamente influenciado por características anaeróbias, enquanto, mecanismos relacionados à remoção dos metabólitos originados pelo metabolismo anaeróbio e índices aeróbios influenciam para diminuir a fadiga em RS.

The goal of the present study aimed at the assessment of the influences of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) sessions on haematological parameters, aerobic capacity (AC), and running performance (RP), under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The group of study was constituted by nine (09) volunteers of Military Pentathlon Athletes, male sex, with mean ages of 23 years old (23 ± 3,6). These athletes underwent (pre-) and post-testing measurements of maximum effort in normoxyc and hypoxic conditions - 13% O2 (simulated altitude 3.800 meters). In the course of the research work hemograms, cardiac frequency, blood lactate concentration [lact], haemoglobin oxygen saturation, the index of perception of effort and ergospirometry variables were fully measured and analysed. The assessments were done in twenty-nine (29) sessions of IHT, with 13% of oxygen concentration (one hour, five times a week). The statistics analyses using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant decrease in the number of erythrocytes and MCHC (p< 0,05). No changes were noticed in the blood lactate concentration [lact], cardiac frequency (FC) and in the maximum VO2 in normoxyc conditions. However, there was an expressive reduction of the [lact] in different running velocities in hypoxic (5, 4, 7, 2, 9, 0, 10, 8, 12,6 km/h / p<0,05). It was also observed a significant increase in the distance running in normoxyc and hypoxic (p<0,05), and a decrease of the running time in hypoxic. In conclusion, the dosage of IHT applied in this study was efficient to increase the performance under normoxyc and hypoxic conditions, in spite of a significant reduction in the numbers of the erythrocytes and a low decrease in the hematocrits numbers. The result in hypoxic showed also that this method can be used at sea level as an alternative of preparation for high-altitude competitions. / Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de sessões de treinamento hipóxico intermitente (THI) sobre parâmetros hematológicos, capacidade aeróbica e o desempenho de corrida em condições de hipoxia e normoxia. Fizeram parte do grupo de estudo 9 atletas voluntários, sexo masculino (idade média 23 anos - DP 3,6), praticantes de pentatlo militar. Os indivíduos foram submetidos a pré e pós-testes de esforço máximo em normoxia e hipoxia 13% O2 (3.800 m de altitude). Analisou-se hemograma, freqüência cardíaca, concentração sangüínea de lactato [lact], saturação de oxigênio na hemoglobina, Índice de Percepção de Esforço e variáveis ergoespirométricas. O tratamento foi composto por 29 sessões de THI, concentração de 13% de oxigênio (1 hora, 5 vezes por semana). As análises estatísticas, feitas através do teste de Wilcoxon, apresentaram diminuição significativa no número de eritrócitos e CHCM (p < 0,05). Não foi constatada alteração da [lact], FC e VO2 máx. em normoxia. Porém, houve diminuição significativa da [lact] em diferentes velocidades de corrida em hipoxia (5,4, 7,2, 9,0, 10,8, 12,6 km/h / p<0,05). Observou-se também aumento significativo na distância de corrida em normoxia e hipoxia (p<0,05) e diminuição do tempo de corrida em hipoxia. Conclui-se que o THI, na dosagem empregada neste estudo, foi eficiente para proporcionar aumento de performance em ambas as situações, apesar da significativa redução no número de eritrócitos e da pequena queda do hematócrito. O resultado em hipoxia demonstra ainda, que o método pode ser usado, ao nível do mar, como alternativa de preparação para competições em altitude.

Title: Impact textile membranes on the dynamics of changes physiological indicators of workload Goals: Compare measurements of clothing technical parameters and laboratory measurement workload in this outfit. Describe and explain the relationship between the results of the technical and functional measurements and physiological issues associated with the use of different textile membranes during a workout. Method: Laboratory quantitative measurement of selected physiological parameters, clothings technical parameters, skin temperature and subjective perception of thermophysiological comfort. Subsequent comparative analysis of measurement results. Key words: clothes, textile membranes, workload, oxygen consuption (VO2), thermophysiological comfort, sweat, clothing physiology

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-09-26T18:45:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Cliciane de Fátima Penteado.pdf: 1840845 bytes, checksum: 18dc4724410a4385a2e03dc8971cb26e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T18:45:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Cliciane de Fátima Penteado.pdf: 1840845 bytes, checksum: 18dc4724410a4385a2e03dc8971cb26e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-13 / As mulheres vêm se destacando cada vez mais no âmbito esportivo, sendo a corrida de rua, entre os esportes, o mais procurado. Por conseguinte, conhecer as influências do ciclo menstrual na resposta fisiológica das mulheres corredoras, com foco não somente para atletas profissionais, tem despertado atenção da comunidade científica. Dentro desta temática, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a influência do ciclo menstrual e o uso de contraceptivos orais no desempenho aeróbio de praticantes de exercícios de “endurance” (corrida de rua). Este estudo se caracteriza por ser transversal e observacional, realizado com 22 mulheres com idade média de 31,00 ± 5,1 anos, com IMC médio de 22,66 ± 2,5 e percentual de gordura de 22,38 ± 3,4 %, divididas em 3 grupos: grupo 1 - controle (n=9) não corredoras e que não utilizavam contraceptivos, grupo 2 corredoras que não utilizavam contraceptivos (n=6) e grupo 3 corredoras que utilizavam contraceptivos (n=7). Após assinatura de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, as voluntárias foram submetidas a uma anamnese prévia e avaliação física. Durante oito semanas realizaram testes de VO2 máx., através da corrida de 12 minutos de Cooper, bem como responderam questionários de saúde (RESTQ-sport, WURSS-21), além de responderem ao referente à Escala de Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço. Nas quatro últimas semanas do período experimental foram coletadas amostras de sangue das voluntárias para determinar os níveis hormonais (Estradiol e Progesterona) e níveis de ferro e ferretina séricos. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram níveis bem mais baixos de estradiol e progesterona no grupo 3, grupo de corredoras que faziam o uso de contraceptivos orais, assim como foi observado melhor VO2 máx., maior distância percorrida no teste de Cooper, além de apresentarem concnetrações de ferro mais elevadas comparado aos outros dois grupos (grupo1 e grupo2). No grupo 2, grupo de corredoras que não faziam uso de contraceptivos orais, as concentrações de ferro foram ainda menores que o grupo controle (grupo 1). Os grupos 2 e 1, respectivamente, grupo de corredoras que não faziam uso de contraceptivos orais e o grupo controle, apresentaram diferença significativa na distância percorrida entre as fases do ciclo menstrual, sendo menor na fase lútea, contudo apenas o grupo controle (grupo 1) obteve redução no VO2 máx. Não foi observada nenhuma correlação entre as variáveis da qualidade de vida e do sistema imune com o ciclo menstrual, assim como, com o desempenho, já a percepção de esforço foi maior na fase lútea para todos os grupos estudados. Portanto, conclui-se que o ciclo menstrual apresenta influência no desempenho aeróbio, na percepção de esforço, nos níveis férricos de corredoras e não corredoras com ciclo menstrual regular, e o uso de contraceptivos orais contínuos evitam tais influências, favorecendo melhor desempenho das atletas de endurance. / Women have stood out increasingly in the sports scene, being the street running, among other sports, the most sought after one. Therefore, getting to know the influences of the menstrual cycles in the physiological response of the female runners, focusing not just on the professional athletes, has caught attention of the scientific community. In this theme, the aim of this work has been to evaluate the influence of the menstrual cycle as well as the use of oral contraceptives in the aerobic performance of endurance exercises (street running) users. This study is characterized by being transversal and observational, carried out with 22 women in the average age of 31,00 ± 5,1, with average BMI of 22,66 ± 2,5 and body fat of 22,38 ± 3,4 %, split in 3 groups: group 1 - control (n=9) non-runners that didn’t use to have contraceptives, group 2 - runners that didn’t used to have contraceptives (n=6) and group 3 – runners that used to have contraceptives (n=7). After the signing of the free and informed consent, the volunteers were submitted to a prior anamnesis and physical exam. After 8 weeks, they were conducted to tests of VO2 máx. through a 12 min Cooper, as well as answered heath questionnaires (RESTQ-sport, WURSS-21), besides answering to the one concerning the Subjective Effort Perception Scale. On the 4 last weeks of experimental phase, samples of blood from the volunteers were collected in order to determine the hormonal levels (Estradiol and Progesterone) and levels of iron and ferritin. The results obtained showed lower levels of estradiol and progesterone in the G3, group of runner that used to have oral contraceptives, just as was observed a better VO2 max., longer distance covered in the Cooper test, besides showing higher iron concentrations compared to the 2 other groups (Group1 and Group 2). In group 2, group of runners that didn’t used to have oral contraceptives. The iron concentrations were even lower than the one in the luteal phase. However, just the control group (Group 1) had reduction in VO2 max. Any correlation between the quality of life variables and the immune system with the period cycle hasn’t been observed, such as the performance. The effort perception was higher in the luteal phase for all groups studied. Thus, it is concluded that the menstrual period shows influence in aerobic performance, in effort perception, in ferric levels of the runners and non-runners with regular menstrual cycle and the use of continuous oral contraceptives avoid such influences, promoting better performance of the endurance athletes.