El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This article proposes a mechanical development of a dry cell in order to obtain HHO through water electrolysis. Calculations and technical specifications of the materials used for implementation are supported by mathematical, physical and chemical formulas and theories (Faraday´s Law, electrolysis process and mechanical design). The importance of mechanical design is focused on achieving efficient use of the energy provided to the cell that allows the H2 and O2 molecules to be separated without overheating the cell, evaporating the water, loss of current due to the geometry of the electrodes (Foucault Current). Moreover, choosing materials for proper implementation and physical robustness is mandatory. In addition, the mechanical design is not justified in different articles. Nevertheless, the mechanical design of the cell and the efficiency in the production of HHO are related. Therefore, the mechanical design and the calculations were performed, as well as the construction of the dry cell to obtain HHO. The results of the implementation and production were placed and compared with what theoretically the dry cell should produce from the law of Faraday. Finally, the volumetric flow of HHO obtained was 2.70 L per minute. It means a production efficiency of 98.68%. It is higher than the majority of the dry cells. / Revisión por pares

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第22734号 / 医博第4652号 / 新制||医||1046(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 妹尾 浩, 教授 増永 慎一郎, 教授 川口 義弥 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Liquefaction is a costly phenomenon where soil shear modulus degrades as the generation of excess pore pressures begins. One of the methods to mitigate liquefaction, is the use of prefabricated vertical drains. Prefabricated vertical drains provide a drainage path to effectively mitigate the generation of pore pressures and aid in shear modulus recovery. The aims of this study were to define shear modulus degradation vs. shear strain as a function of excess pore pressure ratio; define the effects of prefabricated vertical drains on the behavior of pore pressure generation vs. shear strain; and to define volumetric strain as a function of shear strain and excess pore pressure ratios. A large-scale laminar shear box test was conducted and measured on clean sands with prefabricated vertical drains spaced at 3-feet and 4-feet. The resulting test data was analyzed and compared to data without vertical drains. The results show the effect of increasing excess pore pressure ratios on shear modulus and curves where developed to encompass these effects in design with computer programing like SHAKE or DEEPSOIL. The data also suggests that prefabricated vertical drains effectively mitigate excess pore pressure build-up, thus increased the shear strain resistance before pore pressures were generated. Regarding volumetric strain, the results suggests that the primary factor governing the measured settlement is the excess pore pressure ratio. This indicates that if the drains can reduce the excess pore pressure ratio, then the resulting settlement can successfully be reduced during a shaking event. The curves for shear modulus vs. cyclic shear strain as function of pore pressure ratio were developed using data with high strain and small strain which leaves a gap of data in the cyclic shear strain range of 0.0001 to 0.01. Further large-scale testing with appropriate sensitivity is needed to observe the effect excess pore pressure generation on intermediate levels of cyclic shear strain.

This diploma thesis describes realization and testing on-the-fly measurement using tracking interferometer. This measurement enables to achieve higher amount of measured points and decrease time of machine tool calibration. Calibration and verification values of machine parameters, as well as time of measurement and other details of this method are compared with results of conventional method called trigger. To evaluate the quality of volumetric compensation created from calibration values, we use verification measurement of circular interpolation.

This thesis deals with a graph cut approach for segmentation of the anatomical structures in volumetric medical images. The method used requires some voxels to be a priori identified as object or background seeds. The goal of this thesis is implementation of the graph cut method and construction of an interactive tool for segmentation. Selected metod's behaviour is examined on two datasets with manually-guided segmentation results. Testing is in one case focused on the influence of method parameters on segmentation results, while in the other deals with method tolerance towards various signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios on input. To assess the consistency of a given segmentation with the ground-truth the F-measure is used.

The presented diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with modern catting tools for grooving and cutting-off, choice of material of catting inserts, and with types of tool wear and their classification. The second part of the thesis deals with calculation of volumetric wear of catting tool for grooving. There was measured the power load of the new and worn tool in the experimental part and the observed data were evaluated by software. The graphs of power load and volumetric wear of tool were created.

Conversion of discrete volumetric data to boundary representation is quite common operation. Standard approach to resolve this problem is to use well-known Marching cubes algorithm, which although simple and robust, generates low-quality output that requires subsequent post-processing. This master's thesis deals with uncommon algorithms used for isosurface extraction from volumes. The reader will be acquainted with fundamental principles of Hierarchical Iso-Surface Extraction method, that was independently implemented and tested in this work.

The aim of this Master's thesis is to explore different attitudes and to design various monitoring and detection concepts of volumetric DDoS attacks in core networks. The thesis deals with data flow control protocols with an emphasis on a modern technology of Software Defined Networks. The last part of the thesis describes verification of the theory by setting up a laboratory environment for volumetric DDoS UDP Flood simulation, detection and automated mitigation.

Bitumen acts as a binding agent in asphalt mixtures where it binds the aggregates together. It is known for its potential to heal small cracks and recover its mechanical properties under the right conditions. Though this self-healing property is known, there is currently a lack of knowledge about the mechanisms that drive the process. To optimize the use of this material for pavement design, the healing ability should be better understood and controlled. In this work, it is investigated how neutron imaging can be used to increase the understanding of the mechanisms behind the self-healing in bitumen. As a first step, the sample size requirement set by the measurement technique was determined. In order to detect micro cracks in bitumen by using this technique, the sample must be sufficiently small to allow neutron transmission. On the other hand, too small samples would complicate the structural analysis of the material since less information would be possible to obtain. Bitumen with different dimensions were scanned with neutrons to determine the maximum sample thickness. This work was followed by evaluating the healing capability of fractured bitumen and mastic samples, by using time series neutron tomography. The studied samples had a varying combination of hydrated lime (HL) filler concentration, crack volume, and contact area between the broken pieces. The data acquired from the time series tomography scans was analyzed using a three-dimensional analysis procedure including denoising, segmentation and volume measurements. From the volumetric analysis, it appeared that the initial crack size and crack shape have a large impact on the healing rate. It was found that bitumen, mastic with 20%, and 30% filler content had a similar healing behavior for relatively small crack volumes. When increasing the content of HL in the mastic, the healing rate decreases exponentially, with a drastic decrease after reaching a filler content of about 30%. / Bitumen fungerar som bindemedel i asfaltsblandningar där det binder ihop stenaggregaten. Bitumen är känd för sin förmåga att läka små sprickor och återfå sina mekaniska egenskaper under rätt förutsättningar. Trots att den självläkande egenskapen är välkänd, råder det idag en brist på kunskap om de mekanismer som ligger bakom denna process. För att optimera användandet av bitumen för vägbeläggningar behövs en bättre förståelse kring denna läkande egenskap. I detta projekt undersöks det hur neutronavbildning kan användas för att öka förståelsen kring de mekanismer som ligger bakom den självläkande egenskapen hos bitumen. Som ett första steg bestämdes provstorlekskravet för denna analysteknik. För att möjliggöra detekteringen av små sprickor i bitumen genom att använda denna teknik måste provmaterialet vara tillräckligt tunt för att neutronerna ska kunna transmitteras genom materialet. Allt för små provstorlekar skulle, å andra sidan, försvåra analysen av materialets struktur då informationen man kan erhålla blir mer begränsad. Bitumen med olika provstorlekar skannades med neutroner för att bestämma den maximala provtjockleken. Därefter analyserades den självläkande förmågan hos brutna bitumen- och bitumenmastixprover med tidsserie neutrontomografi. Prover med olika mängder av kalciumhydroxidfiller i bitumenblandningen, olika storlek på sprickvolymen och kontaktytan mellan de brutna provdelarna studerades. Data erhållna från experimenten användes för att göra en 3-dimensionell analys som inkluderade brusreducering av bilder, segmentering och volymmätningar. Från volymanalyserna konstaterades det att den initiala sprickstorleken och sprickformen har en stor inverkan på läkningstakten. Bitumen, mastix med 20%, och 30% filler-additiv uppvisade liknande läkningsegenskaper för relativt små sprickstorlekar. Vid en ökning av mängden filler material i mastixen minskar läkningstakten exponentiellt, med en drastisk minskning när man passerar en filler-koncentration på runt 30%. / <p>QC 210303</p>

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) constitutes one suitable solution for exploiting solar resources for power generation. In this context, parabolic dish systems concentrate the solar radiation onto a point focusing receiver for small-scale power production. Given the modularity feature of such system, the scale-up is a feasible option; however, they offer a suitable solution for small scale off-grid electrification of rural areas. These systems are usually used with Stirling engines, nevertheless the coupling with micro-gas turbines presents a number of advantages, related to the reliability of the system and the lower level of maintenance required. The OMSoP project, funded by the European Union, aims at the demonstration of a parabolic dish coupled with an air-driven Brayton cycle. By looking at the integrated system, a key-role is played by the solar receiver, whose function is the absorption of the concentrated solar radiation and its transfer to the heat transfer fluid. Volumetric solar receivers constitute a novel and promising solution for such applications; the use of a porous matrix for the solar radiation absorption allows reaching higher temperature within a compact volume, while reducing the heat transfer losses between the fluid and the absorption medium. The aim of the present work is to deliver a set of optimal design specifications for a volumetric solar receiver for the OMSoP project. The work is based on a Multi-Objective Optimization algorithm, with the objective of the enhancement of the receiver thermal efficiency and of the reduction of the pressure drop. The optimization routine is coupled with a detailed analysis of the component, based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics model and a Mechanical Stress Analysis. The boundary conditions are given by the OMSoP project, in terms of dish specifications and power cycle, whilst the solar radiation boundary is modelled by means of a Ray Tracing routine. The outcome of the analysis is the assessment of the impact on the receiver performance of some key design parameters, namely the porous material properties and the receiver geometrical dimensions. From the results, it is observed a general low pressure drop related to the nominal air mass flow, with several points respecting the materials limitations. One design point is chosen among the optimal points, which respects the OMSoP project requirements for the design objectives, i.e. a minimum value of efficiency of 70%, and pressure losses below 1%. The final receiver configuration performs with an efficiency value of 86%, with relative pressure drop of 0.5%, and it is based on a ceramic foam absorber made of silicon carbide, with porosity value of 0.94.  Moreover, the detailed analysis of one volumetric receiver configuration to be integrated in the OMSoP project shows promising results for experimental testing and for its actual integration in the system.