No description available.

No description available.

This research introduces and develops a counter-intuitive seismic retrofit strategy, referred to as “Selective Weakening” (SW), for pre-1970s reinforced concrete (RC) frames with a particular emphasis on the upgrading of exterior beam-column joints. By focusing on increasing the displacement and ductility capacities of the beam-column joints, simple retrofit interventions such as selective weakening of the beam and external post-tensioning of the joint can change the local inelastic mechanism and result in improved global lateral and energy dissipation capacities. The thesis first presents an extensive review of the seismic vulnerability and assessment of pre-1970s RC frames. Following a review of the concepts of performance-based seismic retrofit and existing seismic retrofit solutions, a thorough conceptual development of the SW retrofit strategy and techniques is presented. A “local-to-global” design procedure for the design of SW retrofit is proposed. Based on the evaluation of the hierarchy of strength at a subassembly level, a capacity-design retrofit outcome can be achieved using various combinations of levels of beam-weakening and joint post-tensioning. Analytical tools for the assessment and design of the SW-retrofitted beam-column joints are developed and compared with the test results. Nine 2/3-scaled exterior joint subassemblies were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of SW retrofit for non-ductile unreinforced beam-column connections. Parameters considered in the tests included the presence of column lap-splice, slab and transverse beams, levels of post-tensioning forces and location of beam weakening. Extensive instrumentation and a rigorous testing regime allowed for a detailed experimental insight into the seismic behaviour of these as-built and retrofitted joints. Experimental-analytical comparisons highlighted some limitations of existing seismic assessment procedures and helped in developing and validating the SW retrofit design expressions. Interesting insights into the bond behaviour of the plain-round bars, joint shear cracking and post-tensioned joints were made based on the experimental results. To complement the experimental investigation, refined fracture-mechanic finite-element (FE) modelling of the beam-column joint subassemblies and non-linear dynamic time-history analyses of RC frames were carried out. Both the experimental and numerical results have shown the potential of SW retrofit to be a simple and structurally efficient structural rehabilitation strategy for non-ductile RC frames.

Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2017-12-21T17:00:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE VANDERLEI SCHNEIDER DE LIMA.pdf: 1120849 bytes, checksum: 43eafe604f8406eaab3a467818668e4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T17:00:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE VANDERLEI SCHNEIDER DE LIMA.pdf: 1120849 bytes, checksum: 43eafe604f8406eaab3a467818668e4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Refletir sobre os desafios apresentados à classe trabalhadora no que tange à flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas ao longo das conjunturas políticas estabelecidas no Brasil a partir da segunda metade da década de 1990. Tal questão está enredada no problema que norteia a pesquisa, o de que houve uma verdadeira ciranda, no âmbito dos Poderes constituídos do Estado, visando a implementação da flexibilização do Direito do Trabalho, sendo, num primeiro momento, a partir da segunda metade da década de 1990, conduzida pelo Legislativo e Executivo, e, posteriormente, a partir de 2003, deslocando-se para o Judiciário, todavia numa constante, mirando aquele sistema de Poder que, num determinado momento político e ideológico, acabasse se mostrando mais suscetível em incorporar os interesses do mercado. Buscou-se compreender como, nos últimos anos, a própria Justiça do Trabalho passa a ser o campo profícuo para a consecução dos interesses do mercado, afastando-se do princípio protecionista e dando efetividade aos anseios do capital, prestando-se como esfera institucional para a flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas num período de contenção da via legislativa. Considerando a interdisciplinaridade, a análise a ser efetuada objetiva demonstrar as variantes que permearam duas perspectivas de governo que, ao menos em algum momento, pareciam se diferenciar, mas que, ou serviram diretamente para implementar a política neoliberal nas relações de trabalho, ou, a partir da subserviência ao capital, se apresentaram como campo aberto para sua continuidade, ainda que com deslocamento nas esferas de Poder. Observou-se que na ciranda da flexibilização do Direito do Trabalho levada a cabo pelos Poderes do Estado, o resultado é a prevalência dos interesses do mercado, ancorados na cartilha neoliberal, em detrimento da classe trabalhadora, e o consequente abalo ao princípio protetivo que dá sustentação ao referido ramo do Direito. No cerne da análise a Justiça do Trabalho se encontra em fogo cruzado, entre a pressão voraz do mercado e das elites econômicas e políticas, que inclusive ameaçam a sua manuntenção como Justiça Especializada, ou como esfera de enfrentamento dos ataques neoliberais, numa pretensa barreira para a crescente implementação da política de fragmentação dos direitos trabalhistas, cujas medidas recentes, novamente carreadas pelo Executivo e Legislativo, prentendem conduzir à sua derradeira desregulamentação. / Reflect on the challenges presented to the working class with regard to the flexibilization of labor rights throughout political conjunctures established in Brazil from the second half of the 1990s. This question is entangled in the problem that guides the research, that there was a real shaking, within the scope of the Powers constituted of the State, aiming at the implementation of flexibilization of Labor Law, being, at first, from the second half of the decade 1990, conducted by the Legislative and Executive, and later, from 2003, moving to the Judiciary, nevertheless in a constant, targeting that system of Power that, in a certain political and ideological moment, was more likely to incorporate the interests of the market. In this context, we sought to understand how, in recent years, Labor Justice itself has become a profitable field for the attainment of market interests, moving away from the protectionist principle and giving effect to the desires of capital, as an institutional sphere for the flexibilization of labor rights in a period of containment of the legislative route. Considering interdisciplinarity, the analysis to be carried out aims to demonstrate the variants that permeated two perspectives of government that, at least at some point, seemed to differentiate, but which either directly served to implement neoliberal politics in labor relations, or, from subservience to capital, presented themselves as an open field for their continuity, although with displacement in the spheres of Power. It was verified that in the shaking of the flexibilization of Labor Law carried out by the State Powers, the result is the same it is the prevalence of market interests, anchored in the neoliberal book, to the detriment of the working class, and the consequent shaking of the protective principle that gives support to the said branch of Law. At the heart of the analysis the Labor Court is in a crossfire, between the voracious pressure of the market and the economic and political elites, which even threaten its maintenance as Specialized Justice, or as sphere of confrontation of the neoliberal attacks, in a presumed barrier for the increasing implementation of the policy of fragmentation of the labor rights, whose recent measures, again carried by the Executive and Legislative, intend to lead to its last deregulation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:17:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Di Domizio Amaral.pdf: 1066199 bytes, checksum: 15d7d49ef3a0dc3c35b17affd444f1d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The occurrence of stereotypy is one of the criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis. The stereotypy is frequent and intense in autistic individuals and may cause academic and social damage. Various areas of knowledge, including behavior analysis, have tried to develop strategies to weaken stereotypy of autistic individuals. This study aimed to develop a systematic review and methodological evaluation of studies that used analytical-behavioral interventions for weakening motor and vocal stereotypy in autistic individuals published between 1999 and 2013. The studies from this period were selected by PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO and Lilacs bibliographic indexes. It were analyzed 36 articles. The results indicated that 106 authors developed procedures applied with 73 participants between 03 and 49 years old. The use of single subject design was unanimous in the different studies analyzed. Studies evaluating the agreement between observers had high levels of concordance. The procedures most used to weaken stereotypy were environmental enrichment matched stimulation and procedure of interruption and redirection of response (RIRD), however, several procedures were used, for example, procedures of self-management, self-recording, the response blocking, response cost, overcorrection, visual cues, differential reinforcement, verbal reprimands, replacement of edible consequences, functional communication training, verbal operant training, and others. Although results varied between participants, it was shown that weakening the stereotypy is possible by most of the procedures used in the studies reviewed. The 28 studies that evaluated the function of stereotypy and the 03 studies that did not made the functional analysis assessment considered that stereotypy was automatically reinforced. The authors of 03 studies considered that stereotypy was maintained by socially mediated consequences, beyond the sensory consequences. This review pointed methodological weaknesses in the reviewed studies: lack of stability of the measurements made, and lack of generalization and follow-up tests / A ocorrência de estereotipia é um dos critérios para o diagnóstico de Transtorno do Espectro Autista. A estereotipia é frequente e intensa em indivíduos autistas e pode acarretar prejuízos acadêmicos e sociais. Diversas áreas do conhecimento, entre elas a análise do comportamento, têm buscado desenvolver estratégias para enfraquecer a estereotipia apresentada por indivíduos autistas. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de realizar uma revisão sistemática e uma avaliação metodológica dos estudos que empregaram intervenções analítico-comportamentais para o enfraquecimento de estereotipia motora e vocal em indivíduos autistas publicados entre 1999 e 2013. Os estudos desse período foram selecionados por meio dos indexadores bibliográficos PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO e Lilacs. Foram analisados 36 artigos. Os resultados indicaram que 106 autores desenvolveram procedimentos aplicados em 73 participantes entre 03 e 49 anos de idade. Foi unânime o uso do delineamento de sujeito único nas diferentes pesquisas analisadas. Os estudos que avaliaram o acordo entre observadores obtiveram índices altos de concordância. Os procedimentos mais frequentemente empregados para enfraquecer a estereotipia foram o enriquecimento ambiental do tipo estimulação equivalente e o procedimento de interrupção e redirecionamento da resposta (RIRD), entretanto, foram utilizados diversos procedimentos, como os procedimentos de auto-monitoramento, de auto-registro, de bloqueio de resposta, de custo de resposta, de hipercorreção, de pistas visuais, de reforçamento diferencial, de reprimendas verbais, de sobreposição de consequências comestíveis, de treinamento de comunicação funcional, de treino de operantes verbais, entre outros. A maioria dos procedimentos empregados nos estudos revistos mostrou-se capaz de enfraquecer a estereotipia embora os resultados tenham variado entre participantes. Os 28 estudos que avaliaram a função da estereotipia e 03 dos estudos que não fizeram a avaliação funcional consideraram que a estereotipia era reforçada automaticamente. Os autores de 03 estudos consideraram que a estereotipia era mantida por consequências mediadas socialmente, além das consequências sensoriais. A presente revisão apontou como fraquezas metodológicas nos estudos revistos falta de estabilidade das medidas efetuadas e escassez de testes de generalização e de follow-up

La partie superficielle des zones de subduction (0-10 km de profondeur) a longtemps été considérée comme asismique. Cependant la découverte de séismes très basses fréquences dans cette zone, ainsi que la propagation très superficielle de la rupture cosismique lors du séisme de Tohoku-Oki (Japon) remettent en question cette hypothèse jusqu’alors largement admise. L’une des raisons pour lesquelles le potentiel sismogénique de cette zone est mal contraint réside dans le fait que les processus qui y règnent sont complexes, mêlant déformation et diagenèse (principalement la transformation des argiles de type transition smectite vers illite), et ainsi difficilement reproductibles en laboratoire. Au cours de cette thèse, des expérimentations en presse triaxiale sur échantillons smectitiques (représentatifs des matériaux accrétés dans les prismes d’accrétion) et illitiques ont été réalisées sous différentes conditions de pression de confinement (de 50 à 200 MPa) et de température (20°C et 300°C). Ces expériences ont été menées afin d’identifier les modes de déformation de ces échantillons, et de déterminer les effets couplés de cette déformation et de la diagenèse sur la rhéologie de ces roches et notamment leur potentiel à générer des instabilités de glissement. Dans ces expériences, le style de déformation est à chaque fois similaire, avec, tout d’abord, une localisation progressive de la déformation le long d’une zone de cisaillement, puis formation d’une fracture. Malgré cette constance dans le style de déformation, le comportement rhéologique des échantillons, lui, est drastiquement opposé entre les expériences à 20 et à 300°C, avec un comportement exclusivement durcissant à 20°C (i.e. stable) quel que soit la minéralogie, et un comportement qui évolue systématiquement vers du stick-slip (i.e. instable) à 300°C (pour les échantillons smectitiques). Ces résultats montrent que la réactivité chimique des smectites au cours de la diagenèse (activée dans les expériences à 300°C) conditionne la formation d’instabilités de glissement. Nous proposons que la réactivité chimique des smectites dans les zones de subduction pourrait promouvoir la propagation de la rupture cosismique vers la surface. / The shallow portion of subduction zones (0-10 km depth) has long been considered as unable to store and release seismic energy. However, the detection of very-low frequency earthquakes in this zone, as well as the propagation of the coseismic rupture to the trench during the Tohoku-Oki earthquake, question this hypothesis. The difficulty to assess the seismogenic potential of this shallow portion lies principally in the complexity of the processes that occur in this zone, combining deformation and diagenesis (especially the smectite-to-illite transition), and hence not easily reproducible in laboratory. In order to analyse the mechanical properties of the shallow portion of subduction zones, triaxial tests have been performed with smectitic and illitic samples, under confining pressure between 50 and 200 MPa and at temperature of 20 and 300°C. The aim of these experiments was to identify the deformation modes of such sedimentary material and to determine the effects of deformation and diagenesis on rheology of these materials and on the rock potential to exhibit instable failure. In the experiments, deformation operates under the same pattern with a progressive localisation from shear band to fracturation. Even if the deformation style does not differ much between experiments, the rheology of the samples tested at 20°C and at 300°C contrasts drastically. Indeed, while the samples (smectitic and illitic) tested at 20°C show exclusively a strengthening behaviour (i.e. stable), the smectitic samples tested at 300°C exhibit a rheology that systematically evolves from strengthening to stick-slip behaviour (i.e. unstable). These results indicate that the chemical reactivity of smectite under diagenetic conditions (diagenesis is activated in the experiments conducted at 300°C) constitutes a weakening mechanism promoting unstable sliding. Finally, we propose that, at the subduction zone scale, the chemical metastability of smectite could promote the propagation of the coseismic rupture to the very shallow portion of accretionary prisms.

This thesis is theoretical nature and focuses on the methodology of taping. In the work has been used various literary sources and Internet resources. The aim was to create a comprehensive text, that includes not only its own methodology, but also the anatomical description taping parts of movement system, the most common injuries and prevention of injuries. It also contains a comparison of classical Taping with Kinesio - Taping. The part of the thesis was created a methodological taping sheets suitable for use in practice.

Diploma Thesis describes principle of AC motors. It shows method of the vector control, Clarke and Park transformation. The Thesis contains proposal control AC drives in higher speed than nominal.

No description available.

The classical approach for repairing a Description Logic ontology O in the sense of removing an unwanted consequence α is to delete a minimal number of axioms from O such that the resulting ontology O´ does not have the consequence α. However, the complete deletion of axioms may be too rough, in the sense that it may also remove consequences that are actually wanted. To alleviate this problem, we propose a more gentle way of repair in which axioms are not necessarily deleted, but only weakened. On the one hand, we investigate general properties of this gentle repair method. On the other hand, we propose and analyze concrete approaches for weakening axioms expressed in the Description Logic EL.