Global flood forecasting can benefit developing countries and ungauged regions that lack observational data, computational infrastructure, and human capacity for streamflow modeling. Many technical challenges exist to provide flood predictions on a global scale. First, existing land surface forecasts use coarse resolution grid cells, which provide limited information when used for flood forecasting at local scales. There is, so far, no modeling system that can provide rapid and accurate global flood predictions with low cost. Second, accurate flood predictions often require integrating interdisciplinary models, data sources, and analysis routines into a workflow. Limited accessibility, reusability, and interoperability of models restrict integrated modeling from producing more reliable results. Web services have been demonstrated as an effective way for data and model sharing because of the capability of enabling communication among heterogeneous applications over the internet. However, publishing models or analysis routines as web services is still challenging and, hence, is not commonly done. To address the above challenges, I present a computational system for global streamflow prediction, using existing, well-established open source software tools, that quickly downscales the runoff generated from such coarse grid-based land surface models (LSMs) onto high-resolution vector-based stream networks then routes the results using a vector-based river routing model. A set of experiments are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and credibility of this approach. I also present a tool to publish complex environmental models as web services by adopting the OpenGMS Wrapper System (OGMS-WS) and Docker. The streamflow prediction system is deployed as a web service using this tool, and the service is used to analyze the historical streamflow tendency in Bangladesh. Next, I present a ready-to-use tool called Tethys WPS Server, which provides a simplified and formalized way to expose web app functionality as standardized Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Processing Services (WPS) alongside a web app's graphical user interface. Three Tethys web apps are developed to demonstrate how web app functionality(s) can be exposed as WPS using Tethys WPS Server, and to show how these WPS can be coupled to build a complex modeling web app. In sum, this dissertation explores new computational approaches and software tools to advance global streamflow prediction and integrated environmental modeling.

With the development of mobile web services, it is important to know for a service provider how Quality of Service (QoS) is related with the Quality of Experience (QoE) for the mobile users. Any change in the QoS could be reflected on the QoE. However, good QoS does not always provide good QoE. Thus, a proper combination of QoS and QoE results in a good user experience. Good understanding of QoS and QoE is necessary in order to achieve that. In addition, identifying the proper relationship between network level QoS and user-end QoE is extremely challenging task which requires the highest level of accuracy. In order to understand the relation between QoS and QoE in a web service, an Apache server was setup with Google Map Web Service. In the server side, QoS parameters- delay, jitter and service unavailability were introduced for an experiment. In the user end, QoE was examined by doing experiment with different mobiles. In this test, 18 different conditions were experienced by the user who marked their QoE. This experiment was designed to collect data from the user to examine the user QoE and network level QoS. The results show that without server end Apache QoS module the service might be unavailable in high delay and jitter. However, with the Apache QoS module the service is available in high delay and jitter even though it takes longer time to respond. For better QoE, the delay and jitter should be as low as possible. Moreover, better QoE is experienced in better mobile design. Good mobile receiver and resolution make the QoE higher. Lower quality mobile design cannot ensure good service even though the network level QoS is good.

The utilization of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) has experiencedsignificant growth due to the increasing number of applications being devel-oped. APIs serve as a means to transfer data between different applications.While RESTful has been the standard API since its emergence around 2000,it is now being challenged by Facebook’s GraphQL, which was introducedin 2015. This study aims to fill a knowledge gap in the existing literatureon API performance evaluation by extending the focus beyond read opera-tions to include CREATE, UPDATE, and DELETE operations in both REST-ful APIs and GraphQL. Previous studies have predominantly examined theperformance of read operations, but there is a need to comprehensively un-derstand the behavior and effectiveness of additional CRUD operations. Toaddress this gap, we conducted a series of controlled experiments and anal-yses to evaluate the response time and RAM utilization of RESTful APIsand GraphQL when executing CREATE, UPDATE, and DELETE operations.We tested various scenarios and performance metrics to gain insights into thestrengths and weaknesses of each approach. Our findings indicate that con-trary to our initial beliefs, there are no significant differences between the twoAPI technologies in terms of CREATE, UPDATE, and DELETE operations.However, RESTful did slightly outperform GraphQL in the majority of tests.We also observed that GraphQL’s inherent batching functionality resulted infaster response times and lower RAM usage throughout the tests. On the otherhand, RESTful, despite its simpler queries, exhibited faster response times inGET operations, consistent with related work. Lastly, our findings suggestthat RESTful uses slightly less RAM compared to GraphQL in the context ofCREATE, UPDATE, and DELETE operations.

This paper is a research through design approach (Zimmerman et al 2007),that seeks to reflect upon several designerly practices in action. Chiefly it’sconcerned with describing the development of a web-service withcollaborative media elements, as part of a user-centred design process, tosupport physiotherapy patients during their self-directed recovery. The reportalso reflects on a failed first design attempt, and draws through that reflectiondescribes the way I now choose to operate as a designer. The paper proposesa new definition of design for well-being which draws upon and combineswork by Dodge et al (2012) and Miller & Kälviäinen (2006). Finally, thereport also proposes a series of further steps to take in the futures to developthe web-service.

Automated programming assignment grading tools have become integral to CS courses at introductory as well as advanced levels. However a lot of these tools have their own custom approaches to setting up assignments and describing how solutions should be tested, requiring instructors to make a significant learning investment to begin using a new tool. In addition, differences between tools mean that initial investment must be repeated when switching tools or adding a new one. Worse still, tool-specific strategies further reduce the ability of educators to share and reuse their assignments. As a solution to this problem, we describe our experiences working with PEML, the Programming Exercise Markup Language, which provides an easy to use, instructor friendly approach for writing programming assignments. Unlike tool-oriented data interchange formats, PEML is designed to provide a human friendly authoring format that has been developed to be intuitive, expressive and not be a technological or notational barrier to instructors. We describe the design of PEML and also discuss its implementation as a programming library, a web application, and a microservice that provides full parsing and rendering capabilities for easy integration into any tools or scripting libraries. We also describe the integration of PEML into two automated testing and grading tools used at Virginia Tech by the CS department: Code Workout and Web-CAT. We then describe our experiences using PEML to describe a full range of programming assignments, laboratory exercises, and small coding questions of varying complexity in demonstrating the practicality of the notation. We evaluate the feasibility of PEML using this encoding exercise as well as the effect of its integration into the aforementioned automated grading tools. We finally present a framework for integrating PEML into existing grading tools and then draw our conclusions as well as list down avenues PEML can be expanded into in the future. / Master of Science / Automated grading tools have become ubiquitous to CS courses focused on programming concepts at both the undergraduate as well as graduate level. These tools allow instructors to provide near instant feedback to students as well as spend more time focusing on the curriculum rather than grading. However, these tools use a variety programming assignment representation formats and without a standardized representation, instructors and educators may struggle to share and reuse assignments across different tools and platforms. To address this need, we have developed the Programming Exercise Markup Language (PEML), a standardized format for representing programming exercises, designed to be human-friendly as well as easy to learn and use. PEML includes information about the problem statement, input and output formats, constraints, and sample test cases, and can be used for a wide range of exercise types and programming languages. As part of this master's thesis project, we encoded 50 assignments of varying size and difficulty into PEML as well as integrated support for PEML into Web-CAT and Code Workout, two commonly used automated grading tools used at Virginia Tech. Building upon our experience performing this task, we also designed a framework that can be utilized when integrating PEML into other automated grading tools. By providing a standardized way of representing programming assignments, PEML can help to streamline programming education and make it easier for instructors and educators to create and share assignments across different tools and platforms.

Simulation and statistical applications often mimic the behavior of a random phenomenon by way of generating random observations that form a known or empirical probability distribution with estimated parameter values. Generation of such random observations is called Random Variate Generation (RVG). The number of simulation and statistical applications provided on the World Wide Web (Web) is on the rise. To facilitate the development of simulation and statistical applications on the Web by way of reuse, there is a need for providing RVG as a Web service. This research involves the development of such a Web service for RVG, which can be invoked programmatically over the Web by using SOAP over the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) running on top of the Internet. To provide the RVG Web service, an RVG Web application is developed based on the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) architecture. The RVG Web application is engineered by using the IBM WebSphere Studio Application Developer and runs on the IBM WebSphere Application Server. A client simulation and statistical application may call the RVG Web service and request the generation of random variates from 27 probability distributions. In addition, the RVG Web service also provides general statistics, scatter plot, and histogram of the requested random variates. The plots and histograms are created in Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). The RVG Web service: (a) accepts requests in the Extensible Markup Language (XML) format, which is specified according to a request schema, and (b) sends the results to the client application also in the XML format specified according to a reply schema. The interface specification and access information needed to invoke the RVG Web service are provided in the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) document. Any Web-based simulation or statistical application that needs generation of random variates, their scatter plots and histograms, can invoke the RVG Web service programmatically at http://sunfish.cs.vt.edu/RVGWebService . / Master of Science

Résumé : Les services Web, issus de l’avancée technologique dans le domaine des réseaux informatiques et des dispositifs de télécommunications portables et fixes, occupent une place primordiale dans la vie quotidienne des gens. La demande croissante sur des services Web multimédia (SWM), en particulier, augmente la charge sur les réseaux d’Internet, les fournisseurs de services et les serveurs Web. Cette charge est essentiellement due au fait que les SWM de haute qualité nécessitent des débits de transfert et des tailles de paquets importants. La qualité de service (par définition, telle que vue par l’utilisateur) est influencée par plusieurs facteurs de performance, comme le temps de traitement, le délai de propagation, le temps de réponse, la résolution d’images et l’efficacité de compression. Le travail décrit dans cette thèse est motivé par la demande continuellement croissante de nouveaux SWM et le besoin de maintenir et d’améliorer la qualité de ces services. Nous nous intéressons tout d’abord à la qualité de services (QdS) des SWM lorsqu’ils sont mis en œuvre sur des ordinateurs, tels que les ordinateurs de bureau ou les portables. Nous commençons par étudier les aspects de compatibilité afin d’obtenir des SWM fonctionnant de manière satisfaisante sur différentes plate-formes. Nous étudions ensuite la QdS des SWM lorsqu’ils sont mis en œuvre selon deux approches différentes, soit le protocole SOAP et le style RESTful. Nous étudions plus particulièrement le taux de compression qui est un des facteurs influençant la QdS. Après avoir considéré sous différents angles les SWM avec mise en œuvre sur des ordinateurs, nous nous intéressons à la QdS des SWM lorsqu’ils sont mis en œuvre sur FPGA. Nous effectuons alors une étude et une mise en œuvre qui permet d’identifier les avantages à mettre en œuvre des SWM sur FPGA. Les contributions se définissent en cinq volets comme suit : 1. Nous introduisons des méthodes de création, c’est-à-dire conception et mise en œuvre, de SWM sur des plate-formes logicielles hétérogènes dans différents environnements tels que Windows, OS X et Solaris. Un objectif que nous visons est de proposer une approche permettant d’ajouter de nouveaux SWM tout en garantissant la compatibilité entre les plate-formes, dans le sens où nous identifions les options nous permettant d’offrir un ensemble riche et varié de SWM pouvant fonctionner sur les différentes plate-formes. 2. Nous identifions une liste de paramètres pertinents influençant la QdS des SWM mis en œuvre selon le protocole SOAP et selon le style REST. 3. Nous développons un environnement d’analyse pour quantifier les impacts de chaque paramètre identifié sur la QdS de SWM. Pour cela, nous considérons les SWM mis en œuvre selon le protocole SOAP et aussi selon style REST. Les QdS obtenues avec SOAP et REST sont comparées objectivement. Pour faciliter la comparaison, la même gamme d’images (dans l’analyse de SWM SOAP) a été réutilisée et les mêmes plate-formes logicielles. 4. Nous développons une procédure d’analyse qui permet de déterminer une corrélation entre la dimension d’une image et le taux de compression adéquat. Les résultats obtenus confirment cette contribution propre à cette thèse qui confirme que le taux de compression peut être optimisé lorsque les dimensions de l’image ont la propriété suivante : le rapport entre la longueur et la largeur est égal au nombre d’or connu dans la nature. Trois libraires ont été utilisées à savoir JPEG, JPEG2000 et DjVu. 5. Dans un volet complémentaire aux quatre volets précédents, qui concernent les SWM sur ordinateurs, nous étudions ainsi la conception et la mise en œuvre de SWM sur FPGA. Nous justifions l’option de FPGA en identifiant ses avantages par rapport à deux autres options : ordinateurs et ASICs. Afin de confirmer plusieurs avantages identifiés, un SWM de QdS élevée et de haute performance est créé sur FPGA, en utilisant des outils de conception gratuits, du code ouvert (open-source) et une méthode fondée uniquement sur HDL. Notre approche facilitera l’ajout d’autres modules de gestions et d’orchestration de SWM. 6. La mise à jour et l’adaptation du code open-source et de la documentation du module Ethernet IP Core pour la communication entre le FPGA et le port Ethernet sur la carte Nexys3. Ceci a pour effet de faciliter la mise en œuvre de SWM sur la carte Nexys3. // Abstract : Web services, which are the outcome of the technological advancements in IT networks and hand-held mobile devices for telecommunications, occupy an important role in our daily life. The increasing demand on multimedia Web services (MWS), in particular, augments the load on the Internet, on service providers and Web servers. This load is mainly due to the fact that the high-quality multimedia Web services necessitate high data transfer rates and considerable payload sizes. The quality of service (QoS, by definition as it is perceived by the user) is influenced by several factors, such as processing time, propagation delay, response time, image resolution and compression efficacy. The research work in this thesis is motivated by the persistent demand on new MWS, and the need to maintain and improve the QoS. Firstly, we focus on the QoS of MWS when they are implemented on desktop and laptop computers. We start with studying the compatibility aspects in order to obtain MWS functioning satisfactorily on different platforms. Secondly, we study the QoS for MWS implemented according to the SOAP protocol and the RESTful style. In particular, we study the compression rate, which is one of the pertinent factors influencing the QoS. Thirdly, after the study of MWS when implemented on computers, we proceed with the study of QoS of MWS when implemented on hardware, in particular on FPGAs. We achieved thus comprehensive study and implementations that show and compare the advantages of MWS on FPGAs. The contributions of this thesis can be resumed as follows: 1. We introduce methods of design and implementation of MWS on heterogeneous platforms, such as Windows, OS X and Solaris. One of our objectives is to propose an approach that facilitates the integration of new MWS while assuring the compatibility amongst involved platforms. This means that we identify the options that enable offering a set of rich and various MWS that can run on different platforms. 2. We determine a list of relevant parameters that influence the QoS of MWS. 3. We build an analysis environment that quantifies the impact of each parameter on the QoS of MWS implemented on both SOAP protocol and RESTful style. Both QoS for SOAP and REST are objectively compared. The analysis has been held on a large scale of different images, which produces a realistic point of view describing the behaviour of real MWS. 4. We develop an analysis procedure to determine the correlation between the aspect ratio of an image and its compression ratio. Our results confirm that the compression ratio can be improved and optimised when the aspect ratio of iiiiv an image is close to the golden ratio, which exists in nature. Three libraries of compression schemes have been used, namely: JPEG, JPEG2000 and DjVu. 5. Complementary to the four contributions mentioned above, which concern the MWS on computers, we study also the design and implementation of MWS on FPGA. This is justified by the numerous advantages that are offered by FPGAs, compared to the other technologies such as computers and ASICs. In order to highlight the advantages of implementing MWS on FPGA, we developed on FPGA a MWS of high performance and high level of QoS. To achieve our goal, we utilised freely available design utilities, open-source code and a method based only on HDL. This approach is adequate for future extensions and add-on modules for MWS orchestration.

關鍵詞：軟體元件供應鏈、水平整合、企業資源規劃、ebXML、Web Service 近年來國內資訊硬體產業分工模式完整、廠商表現亮眼，不僅外銷國外市場，有些更擁有高自有品牌知名度，在在可窺視硬體產業之供應鏈管理推行的成效。相對於硬體產業而言，雖然國內軟體業者對於上下游廠商的定義劃分不很清楚，但事實上已然存在著相當程度的分工，在專案或產品開發角色上彼此合作。隨著軟體元件概念與技術的進步與普及，分工程度漸趨專業的可能性增大，究竟軟體產業可以存在著何種分工模式呢？ 本研究即是針對國內軟體產業，實行軟體元件供應鏈(Software Component Supply Chain)的相關合作機制做一個探討，試圖去思考如何參考國內資訊硬體廠商的專業分工模式及供應鏈管理推動成功的經驗，而達成國內軟體產業供應鏈管理的推行。 本研究以企業資源規劃(Enterprise ReSource Planning)系統的套裝軟體業者為例，提出一個水平整合(Horizontal Integration)各模組的方法論，並設計出相對應的解決方案，再加以實作驗證。本研究於技術上使用類似於ebXML的流程整合技術，並利用XML及網路服務(Web Service)等方式來達到元件之間鬆散耦合的目的。 若不同之企業資源規劃系統套裝軟體中的各個模組，可以依照需求而方便的進行某個程度的水平整合，則軟體元件供應鏈的藍圖已然勾勒出來，也勢必將帶給軟體業者一個勢力重分配的機會。本研究除了希望能解決模組問水平整合相關的技術瓶頸外，軟體產業未來的元件分工模式，也是本研究所要探討的主題。 / Keywords: Software Component Supply Chain, Horizontal Integration, Enterprise Resource Planning, ebXML, Web Service In recent years, the computer hardware industry contributes a splendid performance in Taiwan. In addition to the export to foreign country, some even have a well-known brand. With no doubt, we can see the whole picture of the intact-division of labor in the hardware industry, and the outstanding performance of its carrying out supply chain management. Although the definition of division between upstream and downstream is not so clear in the software industry, there do exist a division of labor to some degree. As the popularity and progress of the concepts and technologies of the software component, the possibility of specialization in division of labor will get increasing in the software industry. There is an interesting research topic, which form of division of labor will exist in the software industry after all. The focus of this study is on the collaborative mechanism of software component supply chain in the software industry. We try to figure out how to refer to the successful experience of hardware industry implementing supply chain management to drive the supply chain management of the software component in domestic software industry. This study will takes the ERP package vendors as the study object to propose a methodology of horizontal integration of different software packages and to do further implementation for verification. Technically, this study applies an ebXML-like process-oriented integration technology, and facilitates the purpose of low coupling between components by using XML and web service technology. If the integration among the modules of different ERP packages could be made to some extent, the picture of division of labor in the software industry could be outlined, and it also will brings the software vendors some chance to re-allocate. In addition to solve the bottlenecks of technical problems of software horizontal integration, the future model of division of labor in software industry will be also a subject to address in this study.

近十年內網際網路迅速興起並蓬勃發展，對我們生活的各個層面造成劇烈的影響，並掀起電子商務的熱潮。目前最引人注目的焦點是B2B，利用網路的特性來降低成本，縮短供應鏈，加速產品生命週期。產業已注意到協同商務中之供應網絡管理，並探討企業問之商務管理所需之方法與資訊技術，以尋求新的企業營運模式。在相關發展中，WWW上之商務資料交換，更是目前發展之重點，我們的終極目標是一個跨產業且進入門檻小的全球性交易平台，ebXML因其可能帶來跨產業協同商務之平台架構逐成為產業矚目之對象。 另一個網路所帶來的問題是資訊爆炸。當人們才剛開始享受網路世界的多采多姿，馬上卻又得面臨資訊氾濫的夢魘。如何利用智慧型的方法，提昇搜尋的效率與提高資訊的效果，是我們所關心的。搜尋引擎的演算法發展已到極致，但在搜尋策略的輔助上仍有發展的空間。 本研究回顧電子商務的緣由與發展，提出web service輿ebMXL應用的跨產業網路交易平台，並設計以5W1H的方式儲存專家經驗與策略，透過查詢擴充的機制，達成搜尋策略與結果的改善，並在這個電子商務架構平台的註冊機制與儲存庫(registry/repository)上運作，讓代理人理解企業之需求與期望，進而完成企業間交易夥伴的尋找，以達成動態供應鏈之實現。 關鍵字：XML，ebXML，web service，UDDI，註冊機制與儲存庫，資訊檢索，搜尋策略，5W1H，後設資料 / Starting from the concept of B2B e-commerce in general, the aim of this thesis is to propose and test a method for supporting trading partners' matching, in particulars those who follows ebXML. In the first place, this research presents a study of the areas where XML may have significant contributions. To avoid falling into pitfalls that works in e-commerce have experienced, we ought to understand the evolution of e-commerce so that the target supports can be derived from learned lessons. With these caveats in mind, the next step is to clarify the characteristics and requirements of a generic B2B framework. Base on the aforementioned survey, the framework of ebXML can be clarified, which is considered as the State-of-Art e-business technology. To reach this, this research is to address not only the problem domain and original concepts but also technology requirements. The ebXML architecture as well as relevant initiatives, viz. SOAP, WSDL and UDDI are then examined to search for potential ebXML-based solutions. In a comparison to RosettaNet, ebXML can provide more efficient and effective searches and matches of trading partners on electronic market place. Among others, the author emphasizes the research into a hybrid of ebXML and so-called web based service technologies. To realize this concept, a searching and matching mechanism with aids of expert's strategies based on 5WIH knowledge schema is carried out in this research. Last but not least, 5W1H knowledge schema is applied, another word serves as metadata, to organize and store expert's heuristic and intelligence in so-called strategy base, so that this work can use the expert's strategy for expanding the keywords to refine user queries in the run-time and thus provide a more efficient and effective matching results. Keyword: XML, ebXML, web service, UDDI, registry/repository, information retrieval, searching strategy, 5W1H, metadata

Les sources de données multimédias provenant de divers domaines (médical, tourisme, commerce, art et culture, etc.) sont devenues incontournables sur le web. L’accès à ces sources multimédias dans les systèmes distribués pose de nouveaux problèmes en raison de nombreux paramètres : volumétrie, diversité des interfaces, format de représentation, localisation, etc. En outre, l’exigence de plus en plus forte des utilisateurs et des applications à vouloir intégrer la sémantique dans la recherche d’information pose de nouvelles questions à résoudre. Pour prendre en compte cette nouvelle complexité, nous nous intéressons dans notre travail de recherche aux solutions d’intégration de données basées sur les services web. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une approche orientée service pour la recherche sémantique de contenus multimédia. Nous avons appelé cette approche SeSaM (Semantic Search of Multimedia content). SeSaM repose sur la définition d’un nouveau type de services accédant aux contenus multimédias, qui est les services MaaS (Multimedia as a Services). Elle est basée sur un processus en deux phases : description et découverte des services MaaS. En ce qui concerne la description de services MaaS, nous avons défini le langage SA4MaaS (Semantic Annotation for MaaS services), qui est une extension de SAWSDL (recommandation W3C). L’idée principale de ce langage est l’intégration, en plus de la sémantique métier, de la sémantique de l’information multimédia dans la description des services MaaS. En ce qui concerne la découverte de services MaaS, nous avons proposé un nouveau matchmaker MaaS-MX (MaaS services Matchmaker) adapté au modèle de description des MaaS. MaaS-MX est composé de deux étapes primordiales : appariement métier et appariement multimédia. L’appariement métier consiste à comparer la description métier des services et de la requête, tandis que l’appariement multimédia compare la description multimédia des services et de la requête. L’approche a été prototypée et évaluée dans deux domaines différents : médical et tourisme. Les résultats indiquent que l’utilisation de l’appariement métier et l’appariement multimédia a considérablement amélioré les performances des systèmes de recherche de données multimédias. / Multimedia data sources from various fields (medical, tourism, trade, art and culture, etc.) became essential on the web. Accessing to multimedia data in distributed systems poses new challenges due to many system parameters: volume, diversity of interfaces, representation format, location, etc. In addition, the growing needs of users and applications to incorporate semantics in the information retrieval pose new issues. To take into account this new complexity, we are interested in our research of data integration solutions based on web services. In this thesis, we propose an approach-oriented service for the semantic search of multimedia content. We called this approach SeSaM (Semantic Search of Multimedia content). SeSaM is based on the definition of a new pattern of services to access multimedia content, which is the MaaS services (Multimedia as a Services). It is based on a two-phase process: description and discovery of MaaS services. As for the MaaS services description, we have defined the SA4MaaS language (Semantic Annotation for MaaS services), which is an extension of SAWSDL (W3C recommendation). The main idea of this language is the integration, in addition to business domain semantic, of multimedia information semantics in the MaaS services description. As for the MaaS service discovery, we have proposed a new matchmaker MaaS-MX (MaaS services Matchmaker) adapted to the MaaS services description model. MaaS-MX is composed of two essential steps: domain matching and multimedia matching. Domain matching consists in comparing the business domain description of MaaS services and the query, whereas multimedia matching compares the multimedia description of MaaS services and the query. The approach has been implemented and evaluated in two different domains: medical and tourism. The results indicate that using both domain and multimedia matching considerably improves the performance of multimedia data retrieving systems.