The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine reviewswritten by users in library online catalogs, online bookstoresand on the web community LibraryThing, in order todetermine whether there are any differences in the way usersreview books, and whether these differences might explainwhy libraries experience difficulties in getting their users toreview books. At the core of web 2.0 and library 2.0concepts lies the thought of user participation, and largerlibraries have sought to implement systems for reviewingand tagging items in the catalog in ways similar to onlinebookstores and other websites.By analyzing the contents of user reviews, however, thisthesis shows that users express themselves differentlydepending on what kinds of literature they review, and inwhat context. Most notably, user reviews of ‘the Classics’ orcanonized literature recognizes the high status of suchliterature, while users reviewing popular fiction expressthemselves in a way that admits that the reviewed titles areconsidered less valuable. There are also signs that booksreviewed at online bookstores are seen as products ormerchandise, while the reviews at the library to a greaterdegree treat the books as works of literature.The conclusion reached in this thesis suggests that there maybe a relation between the image of the library as a defenderof high culture and the perceived status of literary works,causing users to become hesitant to review books, feelingthat they do not have the knowledge to describe or reviewthem ‘correctly’. / Program: Bibliotekarie

Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, June 2002. / "May 2002." / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64). / In this thesis, we present the design and implementation of Herodotus, a peer-to-peer web archival system. Like the Wayback Machine, a website that currently offers a web archive, Herodotus periodically crawls the world wide web and stores copies of all downloaded web content. Unlike the Wayback Machine, Herodotus does not rely on a centralized server farm. Instead, many individual nodes spread out across the Internet collaboratively perform the task of crawling and storing the content. This allows a large group of people to contribute idle computer resources to jointly achieve the goal of creating an Internet archive. Herodotus uses replication to ensure the persistence of data as nodes join and leave. Herodotus is implemented on top of Chord, a distributed peer-to-peer lookup service. It is written in C++ on FreeBSD. Our analysis based on an estimated size of the World Wide Web shows that a set of 20,000 nodes would be required to archive the entire web, assuming that each node has a typical home broadband Internet connection and contributes 100 GB of storage. / by Timo Burkard. / M.Eng.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, clinically characterized by severe motor impairment and pathologically characterized by progressive loss of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) as well as the formation of cellular aggregate deposits called Lewy Bodies. While some advances have been made in understanding the molecular underpinnings of the disorder, the molecular implications of common genetic factors increasing risk for PD have not been adequately studied. First identified by GWA studies in 2009, the GAK/DGKQ/IDUA region on chromosome 4p16.3 shows significant genetic association to risk for PD, and the GAK protein has been shown to be associated with the primary component of Lewy Bodies, a-synuclein. In order to determine which gene in the 4p16.3 region may account for the genetic association to PD and to understand the molecular consequences of that association, post-mortem cortical brain tissue from 29 PD and 49 control patients was RNA-sequenced and differential exon usage in the context of disease and risk variant carrier status was analyzed. Exons in the 3' region of GAK were found to be associated to case status, and notably exon 25 expression in GAK was associated with both case status and the risk variant. This exon was further observed to be associated to several genes previously shown to interact with GAK, including SNCA, which codes for a-synuclein. As a proxy for expression of the 3' region of GAK, exon 25 was assessed for genome-wide association, and genes showing association to the exon were involved in pathways related to synaptic transmission and neuronal function. In order to validate these findings, microarray analysis of primary rat cortical neurons in which GAK expression was reduced by shRNA transduction was performed. GAK expression in rat neurons was significantly inversely correlated to endogenous SNCA expression, and also exhibited association to pathways involved in synaptic transmission and mitochondrial function. Together, these findings suggest aberrant GAK expression related to genetic risk to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of PD through GAK's influence on SNCA expression and through dysregulation of important neuronal pathways.

Qin An. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-142). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

<div>The Sentinel-1 (S1) mission is a part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Copernicus program. In 2014 and 2016, the mission launched the twin Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites, Sentinel-1A (S1A) and Sentinel-1B (S1B). The S1 mission has started a new era for earth observations missions with its higher spatial resolution, shorter revisit days, more precise control of satellites orbits and the unprecedented free-to-public distribution policy. More importantly, S1 adopts a new wide swath mode, the TOPS mode as it default acquisition mode. The TOPS mode scans several different subswaths for gaining a larger coverage. Because the S1 mission is aimed at earth observation missions, for example, earthquakes, oods, ice sheets flow, etc., thus it is desired to have large monitoring areas. Although TOPS is still a relatively new idea, the high quality data and wide application scopes from S1 has earned tremendous attention in the SAR community.</div><div><br></div><div><div>The signal properties of wide swath mode such as TOPS are different from the more conventional stripmap mode, and it requires special techniques for successfully processing such data in the sense of interferometry. For the purpose of doing Interferometric SAR (InSAR), the coregistration step is of most critical because it requires a 1/1000 accuracy. In addition, processing wide swath mode requires special steps such as bursts stitching, deramping and reramping, and so on. Compared with stripmap, the processing techniques of wide swath mode are less developed. Much exploitations are still needed for how to design a generic and robust wide swath interferometric</div><div>processing chain.</div></div><div><br></div><div><div>Driven by the application needs of S1 wide swath interferometric processing, this research studies the key methodologies, explores and implements new processing chain, designs a generic wide swath processing </div><div>flow that would utilize the existing stripmap processing platform, as well as carries out preliminary applications. For studying key methods, this study carries out a quantitative analysis between two different coregistration methods, namely the cross-correlation approach and the geometrical</div><div>approach. The advantages and disadvantages for each method are given by the author, and it is proposed to choose the suitable method based on one's study area. For the implementation of the new processing chain, the author proposes a user-friendly stripmap-like processing </div><div>ow with all the wide swath related process done behind the scene. This approach allows people with basic knowledge in InSAR and very few knowledge in wide swath mode to be able to process and get interferometric products. For designing the generic process flow, the author applied TOPS's work flow to the other wide swath mode, ScanSAR mode and demonstrated the feasibility of processing two different wide swath mode with the same processing chain.</div><div>For preliminary applications, the author shows a large number of interferometric data throughout the research and presents a case study with multi temporal time series analysis using a stack of S1 dataset.</div></div><div><br></div><div><div>This research is application oriented, which means the study serves for real-world applications. Up to now, the processing chain and methodologies implemented in this</div><div>research has been shared by many research groups around the world and has seen a number of promising outcomes. The recognition from others is also an affrmation to the value of this research.</div></div>

This research investigates the complexities of artistic authorship under the production conditions of the web. It is driven by a fascination with the possibilities of expanding the authorial sphere of the artwork to include the productive capacities of other subjectivities, entities and processes. I offer the neologism ‘extra-subjectivity’ to reflect on this emerging form of production, in which the ultimate manifestation of the artwork often exceeds the author’s intentions. As well as the written thesis, it comprises seven artworks that represent a distinctive approach characterized by playfulness, humour and the use of generative computational processes. Several early works explore my authorial agency in relation to algorithmically generated variations of texts, including William Blake’s poem The Fly and the song Puff the Magic Dragon. Later, algorithmic generation is combined with the appropriation of content shared on social media, as in Infinite Violets, which displays variations of a Shakespearean verse along with images from Flickr. I draw on digital sociological methods to create a hybrid approach in which the web is understood as an evolving medium made up of digital objects and devices that can be repurposed for art practice. This approach underpins 'Flickr Nude or Noodle Descending a Staircase', which uses images programmatically accessed through Flickr’s application programming interface to remake a Marcel Duchamp painting for the web. 'Selfie Portrait' displays Instagram photographs tagged with ‘Selfie’ alongside users’ biographical information, which drives the ‘Copyright Episode’, an extended account of the legal contexts surrounding web-based art practices. Here, I demonstrate how such practices are entangled socially, ethically and legally with the distinct production conditions of the web. I argue that authorship is a question of responsibility as well as ‘ownership’, which is why ethics are as important as the law.

Tse, Kai Shun Scottie. / "December 2010." / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-54). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.vi / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Web 2.0 --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Motivation --- p.2 / Chapter 2 --- Background Study on Web Attacks --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Cross Site Scripting (XSS) --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Cross Channel Scripting (XCS) --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3 --- Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4 --- Click Jacking --- p.7 / Chapter 2.5 --- Extension and plugins vulnerabilities --- p.8 / Chapter 2.6 --- Privacy Issue --- p.10 / Chapter 2.7 --- Network security --- p.12 / Chapter 2.8 --- Developer implementation flaw --- p.13 / Chapter 2.9 --- Chapter Summary --- p.15 / Chapter 3 --- Defenses on Web Attacks --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1 --- Same Origin Policy --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Filtering mechanism --- p.18 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Client-side filtering --- p.18 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Server-side filtering --- p.19 / Chapter 3.3 --- XSS Defenses --- p.20 / Chapter 3.4 --- CSRF Defenses --- p.22 / Chapter 3.5 --- Browser warnings --- p.23 / Chapter 3.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.24 / Chapter 4 --- On web communication --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1 --- On cross domain communication --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- HTML5 --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Flash 10 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Extended studys crossdomain.xml of Flash --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2 --- On cross frame communication --- p.32 / Chapter 4.3 --- Trusted Notification System --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Assumptions --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Implementation Issues --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Information flow --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Features --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3.4.1 --- Counter fake --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3.4.2 --- Plug and play --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3.4.3 --- Mitigate future attacks --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3.4.4 --- Session persist after logout --- p.39 / Chapter 4.3.4.5 --- Follow the standards --- p.40 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Related works --- p.40 / Chapter 4.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.41 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.43 / Chapter 5.1 --- Contributions --- p.43 / Chapter 5.2 --- Discussions and future work --- p.44 / Chapter A --- Non-persistent XSS attack on Horde --- p.45 / Chapter B --- Data tampering attack on facebook application --- p.50 / Bibliography --- p.52

Wong Tak Lam. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-94). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Wrapper Induction for Semi-structured Web Documents --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Adapting Wrappers to Unseen Web Sites --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Contributions --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Organization --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Related Work --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Related Work on Wrapper Induction --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Related Work on Wrapper Adaptation --- p.16 / Chapter 3 --- Automatic Construction of Hierarchical Wrappers --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1 --- Hierarchical Record Structure Inference --- p.22 / Chapter 3.2 --- Extraction Rule Induction --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3 --- Applying Hierarchical Wrappers --- p.38 / Chapter 4 --- Experimental Results for Wrapper Induction --- p.40 / Chapter 5 --- Adaptation of Wrappers for Unseen Web Sites --- p.52 / Chapter 5.1 --- Problem Definition --- p.52 / Chapter 5.2 --- Overview of Wrapper Adaptation Framework --- p.55 / Chapter 5.3 --- Potential Training Example Candidate Identification --- p.58 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Useful Text Fragments --- p.58 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Training Example Generation from the Unseen Web Site --- p.60 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Modified Nearest Neighbour Classification --- p.63 / Chapter 5.4 --- Machine Annotated Training Example Discovery and New Wrap- per Learning --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Text Fragment Classification --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- New Wrapper Learning --- p.69 / Chapter 6 --- Case Study and Experimental Results for Wrapper Adapta- tion --- p.71 / Chapter 6.1 --- Case Study on Wrapper Adaptation --- p.71 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experimental Results --- p.73 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Book Domain --- p.74 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Consumer Electronic Appliance Domain --- p.79 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.83 / Bibliography --- p.88 / Chapter A --- Detailed Performance of Wrapper Induction for Book Do- main --- p.95 / Chapter B --- Detailed Performance of Wrapper Induction for Consumer Electronic Appliance Domain --- p.99

L'évolution des composants d'électronique de puissance se heurte aujourd'hui aux limites physiques du silicium. L'utilisation des semi-conducteurs à large bande interdite permettraient de dépasser ces limites. Parmi ces nouveaux matériaux, le diamant possède les propriétés les plus intéressantes pour l'électronique de puissance : champ de rupture et conductivité thermique les plus élevés parmi les solides, grandes mobilités des porteurs électriques, possibilité de fonctionnement à haute température. Les substrats de diamant synthétisés actuellement par des méthodes de dépôt en phase vapeur ont des caractéristiques cristallographiques compatibles avec l'exploitation de ces propriétés en électronique de puissance. L'utilisation technologique du diamant reste toutefois difficile ; ses propriétés de dureté et d'inertie chimique rendent son utilisation délicate. L'objet de ces travaux est dans un premier temps d'évaluer les bénéfices que pourrait apporter le diamant en électronique de puissance. Ensuite, différentes étapes technologiques nécessaires à la fabrication de composants sur diamant sont étudiées : dépôts de contacts électriques, dopage et gravure ionique. Enfin, une étude sur la fabrication de diodes Schottky est présentée. Les résultats obtenus permettent d'établir les perspectives à ces travaux et les challenges scientifiques et technologiques qu'il reste à relever. / The evolution of power electronic devices is getting more and more limited by the silicon intrinsic properties. This limitation could be overcome by using wide bandgap semiconductors. Among these materials, diamond properties are the more fitted for power electronics: the highest critical electric field and thermal conductivity amongst the solids, high carriers mobility, high temperature operation possibility. At this time, diamond samples grown by chemical vapour deposition methods exhibit crystallographic properties that are suitable for a use in power electronics. Though, the realization of diamond power devices remains difficult due to its hardness and chemical inertness, among others. First, this work aims at determining the profit that could represent diamond for power electronics. Second, different technologic steps that are necessary to the realisation of electronic devices are studied: ohmic contacts deposition, doping and ion etching. Finally, the first devices we realised, Schottky diodes, are presented. Their characterisation allows establishing new objectives for the future developments of our studies.

The publication of a draft equine genome sequence and the release by Illumina of a 50,000 marker single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping chip has provided equine researchers with the opportunity to use new approaches to study the relationships between genotype and phenotype. In particular, it is hoped that the use of high-density markers applied to population samples will enable progress to be made with regard to more complex diseases. The first objective of this thesis is to explore the potential for the equine SNP chip to enable such studies to be performed in the horse. The second objective is to investigate the genetic background of osteochondrosis (OC) in the horse. These objectives have been tackled using 348 Thoroughbreds from the US, divided into cases and controls, and a further 836 UK Thoroughbreds, the majority with no phenotype data. All horses had been genotyped with the Illumina Equine SNP50 BeadChip. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) is the non-random association of alleles at neighbouring loci. The reliance of many genomic methodologies on LD between neutral markers and causal variants makes it an important characteristic of genome structure. In this thesis, the genomic data has been used to study the extent of LD in the Thoroughbred and the results considered in terms of genome coverage. Results suggest that the SNP chip offers good coverage of the genome. Published theoretical relationships between LD and historical effective population size (Ne) were exploited to enable accuracy predictions for genome-wide evaluation (GWE) to be made. A subsequent in-depth exploration of this theory cast some doubt on the reliability of this approach in the estimation of Ne, but the general conclusion that the Thoroughbred population has a small Ne which should enable GWE to be carried out efficiently in this population, remains valid. In the course of these studies, possible errors embedded within the current sequence assembly were identified using empirical approaches. Osteochondrosis is a developmental orthopaedic disease which affects the joints of young horses. Osteochondrosis is considered multifactorial in origin with a variety of environmental factors and heredity having been implicated. In this thesis, a genome-wide association study was carried out to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with OC. A single SNP was found to be significantly associated with OC. The low heritability of OC combined with the apparent lack of major QTL suggests GWE as an alternative approach to tackle this disease. A GWE analysis was carried out on the same dataset but the resulting genomic breeding values had no predictive ability for OC status. This, combined with the small number of significant QTL, indicates a lack of power which could be addressed in the future by increasing sample size. An alternative to genotyping more horses for the 50K SNP chip would be to use a low-density SNP panel and impute remaining genotypes. The final chapter of this thesis examines the feasibility of this approach in the Thoroughbred. Results suggest that genotyping only a subset of samples at high density and the remainder at lower density could be an effective strategy to enable greater progress to be made in the arena of equine genomics. Finally, this thesis provides an outlook on the future for genomics in the horse.