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Since devolution there has been a wealth of stimulating and exciting literary works by Welsh and Scottish women writers, produced as the boundaries of nationality were being dismantled and ideas of nationhood transformed. This comparative study brings together, for the first time, Scottish and Welsh women writers’ literary responses to these historic political and cultural developments. Chapter one situates the thesis in a historical context and discusses some of the connections between Wales and Scotland in terms of their relationship with ‘Britain’ and England. Chapter two focuses on the theoretical context and argues that postcolonial and feminist theories are the most appropriate frameworks in which to understand both Welsh and Scottish women’s writing in English, and their preoccupations with gendered inequalities and language during the pre- and post-devolutionary period. The third chapter examines Welsh and Scottish women’s writing from the first failed referendum (1979) to the second successful one (1997) to provide a sense of progression towards devolution. Since the process of devolution began there has been an important repositioning of Scottish and Welsh people’s perception of their culture and their place within it; the subsequent chapters – four, five, six and seven – analyse a diverse body of work from the symbolic transference of powers in 1999 to 2008. The writers discussed range from established authors such as Stevie Davies to first-time novelists such as Leela Soma. Through close comparative readings focusing on a range of issues such as marginalised identities and the politics of home and belonging, these chapters uncover and assess Welsh and Scottish women writers’ shared literary assertions, strategies and concerns as well as local and national differences. The conclusions drawn from this thesis suggest that, as a consequence of a history of sustained internal and external marginalization, post-devolution Welsh and Scottish women’s writing share important similarities regarding the politics of representation. The authors discussed in this study are resisting writers who textually illustrate the necessity of constantly rewriting national narratives and in so doing enable their audience to read the two nations and their peoples in fresh, innovative and divergent ways.

viii, 91 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Caribbean cultural ideas and values placed on death and mourning, especially in relation to cultural roles women are expected to perform, are primary motivating factors in the development of female self and identity in Caribbean women's literature. Based on analysis of three texts, QPH, Annie John, and Beyond the Limbo Silence, I argue that notions of death and funerary rituals are employed within Caribbean women's literature to (re)connect protagonist females to their homeland and secure a sense of identity. In addition, while some texts highlight the necessity of prescribing to the socially constructed roles of women within the ritual context and rely on the uproper" adherence to the traditional process to maintain the status quo, other texts show that the inversion or subversion of these traditions is also an important aspect of funerary rituals and notions of death that permeate contemporary Caribbean culture. / Committee in Charge: Dr. Dianne Dugaw, Folklore; Dr. Lisa Gilman, English; Dr. Phil Scher, Anthropology

No presente trabalho, discute-se a produção literária de mulheres na revista curitibana A Sempre-Viva, publicada em 1924/1925. Assim, investiga-se que lugar o sujeito feminino ocupa nessa publicação, a partir de aportes teóricos dos Estudos Culturais de Gênero. Para cumprir tal objetivo, foi necessário perscrutar a trajetória histórica da mulher ocidental, a qual explica os motivos que a levaram a exercer um papel submisso ao longo dos séculos, bem como o feminismo, que elucida os caminhos da reação a esse domínio. Além disso, investigou-se o percurso da imprensa – aí incluída a feminina e a feminista –, a qual, no Brasil, guarda estreita relação com a literatura. As poucas mulheres que conseguiam publicar confrontavam as normas vigentes, que as circunscreviam ao âmbito privado, o que fez da utilização de pseudônimos prática corrente. Constata-se, ao final do trabalho, que as próprias organizadoras da revista, que tanto lutaram pelo resgate de escritoras desconhecidas, sucumbiram ao esquecimento. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2018-01-30T12:38:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Rossana Rossigali.pdf: 1314670 bytes, checksum: 38de13113bfe458bbcd80b6df3cb2ed7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-30T12:38:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Rossana Rossigali.pdf: 1314670 bytes, checksum: 38de13113bfe458bbcd80b6df3cb2ed7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES. / This work discusses the literary production of women in the magazine A Sempre-Viva, published in Curitiba, in 1924/1925. There is an investigation about the place of the feminine subject in this publication, based on Gender Cultural Studies. In order to accomplish that goal, it was necessary to study the history of western women, which explains the reasons for their submission over the centuries, as well as the feminism, which explains how they reacted to that domain. Furthermore, the history of the press – feminine and feminist – was also analysed. In Brazil, it is closely related to literature. The few female writers who succeeded in publishing were fighting the rules, which were very strict, keeping women only in private places. That is why many writers used pseudonyms. At the end of the work it is possible to conclude that the magazine organizers themselves were forgotten.

No presente trabalho, discute-se a produção literária de mulheres na revista curitibana A Sempre-Viva, publicada em 1924/1925. Assim, investiga-se que lugar o sujeito feminino ocupa nessa publicação, a partir de aportes teóricos dos Estudos Culturais de Gênero. Para cumprir tal objetivo, foi necessário perscrutar a trajetória histórica da mulher ocidental, a qual explica os motivos que a levaram a exercer um papel submisso ao longo dos séculos, bem como o feminismo, que elucida os caminhos da reação a esse domínio. Além disso, investigou-se o percurso da imprensa – aí incluída a feminina e a feminista –, a qual, no Brasil, guarda estreita relação com a literatura. As poucas mulheres que conseguiam publicar confrontavam as normas vigentes, que as circunscreviam ao âmbito privado, o que fez da utilização de pseudônimos prática corrente. Constata-se, ao final do trabalho, que as próprias organizadoras da revista, que tanto lutaram pelo resgate de escritoras desconhecidas, sucumbiram ao esquecimento. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES. / This work discusses the literary production of women in the magazine A Sempre-Viva, published in Curitiba, in 1924/1925. There is an investigation about the place of the feminine subject in this publication, based on Gender Cultural Studies. In order to accomplish that goal, it was necessary to study the history of western women, which explains the reasons for their submission over the centuries, as well as the feminism, which explains how they reacted to that domain. Furthermore, the history of the press – feminine and feminist – was also analysed. In Brazil, it is closely related to literature. The few female writers who succeeded in publishing were fighting the rules, which were very strict, keeping women only in private places. That is why many writers used pseudonyms. At the end of the work it is possible to conclude that the magazine organizers themselves were forgotten.

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This study consists of a comparative analysis of three novels by three prominent African women writers which cast light on the ways in which women are oppressed by traditional and cultural norms in three different African countries. These three primary texts also explore the ways in which African women's lives are affected by other issues, such as colonialism and economic factors, and this study discusses this. An analysis of these novels reveals that the inter-connectedness of racial, class and gender issues exacerbates the oppression of many African women, thereby lessening the opportunities for them to attain self-realization. This study goes on to investigate whether there are possibilities of empowerment for the women in the primary texts, and examining the reasons why some women fail to transcend their situations of oppression. The primary novels will be discussed in different chapters, which explore the problems with which various women are beset, and discuss the extent to which the various women in the novels manage to attain empowerment. In conclusion, this study compares and contrasts the ways in which the women in the primary texts are oppressed and highlights the reasons why some women are able to attain empowerment, whilst others are unable to do so. It also shows that many women are beset with comparable forms of oppression, but they may choose to react to these situations differently. Over and above these issues, the study seeks to draw attention to the fact that women need to come together and contribute to the ways in which they can attain various forms of empowerment.

This thesis considers the critical implications of a cross-cultural reading of First Nations women’s writing in this time of sensitivity to the issues of appropriation and power inequities between dominant and minority cultures. A genre-based study, it is written from a deliberately split perspective: reading as both a white academic implicated in the dominant culture's production of meaning and value, and as a lesbian alienated from these same processes, I both propose and perform several modes of response to First Nations texts. Interspersed with a conventional commentary is a secondary, personal commentary that questions and qualifies the claims of the critical. Then, another level of response, in the form of fiction and poetry based on my own experiences growing up with my Assiniboine sister, also proposes the appropriateness, in this critical power dynamic, of a third response of simply answering story with story. Chapter One examines the construction of individual identity and responsibility in Maria Campbell's Halfbreed, particularly as the text demands an emotionally-engaged response conventionally discouraged in critical discourse, and as a result redefines the genre of autobiography. Chapter Two considers the possibility of a communal and spiritual, as well as an individual, emotional, response to First Nations texts, examining the community of stories that comprise each of the novels Slash, In Search of April Raintree, and Honour the Sun. From this consideration of narrative as eliciting emotional and spiritual reading practices, Chapter Three discusses the nature of language itself as a vehicle of spiritual transformation and subversion, specifically in the poetry of Annharte and Beth Cuthand. Chapter Four, on the mixed-genre The Book of Jessica, shifts focus from the discursive strategies of First Nations writing, to examining the way these practices redefine time and history as newly accessible to First Nations spiritual construction. Finally, the Conclusion re-examines the reading strategies developed throughout the thesis, noting the pitfalls they avoid, while discussing their limitations as cross-cultural tools. The ultimate effect is to propose the very beginning of the kinds of changes the academy must consider for a truly non-appropriative cross-cultural interaction. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate