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Assessing the relationship between leadership styles, coping and employee attitudes at a power station / Mthunzi Freedom LushoziLushozi, Mthunzi Freedom January 2014 (has links)
The study was conducted to assess the state of leadership characteristics and the impact these variables have on employee self-esteem and employee work-related outcomes in a South African power utility in particular power station environment. The inquiry was conducted in a natural working environment of an organisation where respondents are situated/ located (i.e. a field study). A stratified convenience sampling approach was used to carry out the study using a structured questionnaire developed from predictors used by other researchers.
The questionnaire, based on a four-point, five-point and seven-point Likert scale with leader’s characteristics such as articulation of vision, individualised support, intellectual, stimulation, forcing acceptance of group goals, high performance expectations, appropriate role modelling and performance feedback, mediating variables such as self-esteem and work-related outcomes such as organisational commitment and work-success, was designed to capture the state of affairs within the organisation based on the employees perceptions of their experiences of these variables.
150 questionnaires were distributed of which 115 were returned and all 115 were useable. This data was analysed using statistical tools such as correlation and regression analysis. The descriptive statistics indicated that the majority of leader’s characteristics unveiled a moderate agreement whilst the work related outcomes indicated that employees were neutral to agree with statements. The correlations analysis showed predominantly strong relationship between leader’s characteristics, self-esteem and work related outcomes with some few small and medium relationships. Recommendations to improve work-related outcomes are provided to the organisation. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Assessing the relationship between leadership styles, coping and employee attitudes at a power station / Mthunzi Freedom LushoziLushozi, Mthunzi Freedom January 2014 (has links)
The study was conducted to assess the state of leadership characteristics and the impact these variables have on employee self-esteem and employee work-related outcomes in a South African power utility in particular power station environment. The inquiry was conducted in a natural working environment of an organisation where respondents are situated/ located (i.e. a field study). A stratified convenience sampling approach was used to carry out the study using a structured questionnaire developed from predictors used by other researchers.
The questionnaire, based on a four-point, five-point and seven-point Likert scale with leader’s characteristics such as articulation of vision, individualised support, intellectual, stimulation, forcing acceptance of group goals, high performance expectations, appropriate role modelling and performance feedback, mediating variables such as self-esteem and work-related outcomes such as organisational commitment and work-success, was designed to capture the state of affairs within the organisation based on the employees perceptions of their experiences of these variables.
150 questionnaires were distributed of which 115 were returned and all 115 were useable. This data was analysed using statistical tools such as correlation and regression analysis. The descriptive statistics indicated that the majority of leader’s characteristics unveiled a moderate agreement whilst the work related outcomes indicated that employees were neutral to agree with statements. The correlations analysis showed predominantly strong relationship between leader’s characteristics, self-esteem and work related outcomes with some few small and medium relationships. Recommendations to improve work-related outcomes are provided to the organisation. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Untersuchung arbeitsbezogener Endpunkte in randomisierten, kontrollierten Studien zur Behandlung chronischer Schmerzerkrankungen / Analysis of work-related outcomes in randomised controlled trials in chronic painful conditionsWolf, Ingmar 10 August 2016 (has links)
Chronische Schmerzerkrankungen beeinflussen die Arbeitsfähigkeit deutlich. Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, arbeitsbezogene Studienendpunkte in randomisierten, placebokontrollierten Studien zu chronischen Schmerzerkrankungen und schmerzhaften rheumatologischen Erkrankungen zu analysieren. Datenbanktreffer einer Literaturrecherche in Medline (Pubmed) wurden als Abstracts gesichtet und potentiell relevante Studien danach im Volltext beurteilt. Die methodologische Studienqualität wurde mit der Oxford Quality Scale (OQS) bewertet. Verfügbare arbeitsbezogene und schmerzbezogene Endpunkte wurden in Meta-Analysen mit Hilfe von einem „fixed effect model“ oder einem „random effects model“ zusammengefasst. Lineare Regressionen zwischen arbeitsbezogenen Endpunkten und schmerzbezogenen Endpunkten wurden durchgeführt. Insgesamt 31 Publikationen mit einer Gesamtzahl von 11434 Patienten berichten über arbeitsbezogene Studienendpunkte; dies waren nur ungefähr 0,23% aller relevanten Publikationen. Eine Meta-Analyse aller arbeitsbezogenen Endpunkte, ohne Unterteilung nach vorgenommener Behandlung und der spezifischen vorliegenden Erkrankung, konnte einen allgemeinen Behandlungserfolg von 0,35, ausgedrückt als standardisierte Mittelwertsdifferenz (SMD), mit einem 95%-Konfidenzintervall (95%-KI) von 0,21 bis 0,50 beschreiben. Eine umfassende Meta-Analyse der Schmerzendpunkte derselben Studien ergab eine allgemeine Verbesserung bezüglich schmerzbezogener Endpunkte von 0,40, ausgedrückt als SMD (95%-KI: 0,25; 0,55). Weitere Meta-Analysen zeigten statistisch signifikante Verbesserungen in den Behandlungsgruppen für die folgenden Parameter: Beeinträchtigungen bei der Arbeit (0,62 Punkte auf einer 0- bis 10-Punkte-Skala; 95%-KI: 0,45; 0,79), Arbeitsproduktivität (SMD 0,53; 95%-KI: 0,18; 0,88), 30%ige Schmerzverbesserung relativ zu Studienbeginn (ausgedrückt als Verbesserung des relativen Risikos (RR) von 33%; 95%-KI: 15%; 53%) und 50%ige Schmerzverbesserung relativ zu Studienbeginn (RR 46%; 95%-KI: 22%; 74%), 20%iges (RR 184%; 95%-KI: 86%; 334%), 50%iges (RR 237%; 95%-KI: 84%; 715%) und 70%iges (RR 232%; 95%-KI: 65%; 571%) Ansprechen der Patienten bezogen auf die Kriterien des „American College of Rheumatology“ (ACR). Ergebnisse Arbeitsfehlzeiten und Beschäftigungsverhältnisse betreffend waren heterogen und nicht aussagekräftig. Lineare Regressionensanalysen von sowohl kontinuierlichen arbeitsbezogenen mit kontinuierlichen schmerzbezogenen Endpunkten, als auch von kontinuierlichen arbeitsbezogenen Endpunkten mit kategorischen schmerzbezogenen Ansprechraten, belegten einen statistisch signifikanten Zusammenhang. Abschließend kann berichtet werden, dass arbeitsbezogene Endpunkte nur sehr selten in placebokontrollierten Studien zu chronischen Schmerzerkrankungen untersucht wurden, und dass, wenn sie berichtet wurden, die Endpunkte und Berichterstattung heterogen waren. Es konnten wiederholt statistisch signifikante Behandlungseffekte für verschiedene arbeitsbezogene Endpunkte nachgewiesen werden. Weiterhin konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine starke lineare Relation zwischen arbeitsbezogenen Endpunkten und schmerzbezogenen Endpunkten vorliegt.
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Childhood Adversity and Adult Work Life : Insights into job satisfaction and tenure in the UK Biobank cohortLillström Stenroos, Kevin January 2024 (has links)
Aim: This study aimed to address an important gap in the current state of the literature on adverse childhood experiences and work-related outcomes in adulthood. The research investigates whether childhood adversity is associated with job satisfaction and tenure in adulthood and explores potential mediating factors underlying the association. Method: Utilizing a cross-sectional design, this research draws upon data from the UK Biobank, a large population-based cohort study. The study sample comprised 12,391 participants with an average age of 54.72 years (SD = 5.95), and 52.38% of participants were females, and 90.37% were white. Furthermore, 25.91% had experienced at least one adversity while 1.59% had experienced three or more. Results: Using logistic and gamma regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, and household income, the results confirmed the hypotheses that early adversity is negatively associated with both job satisfaction and tenure in a dose-response fashion. Moreover, neuroticism, social support, avoidant coping, perception of life meaningfulness, and health satisfaction were identified as potential underlying mechanisms. Only neuroticism and social support did not mediate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and tenure. Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the long-term relationships between childhood adversity and work-related outcomes in adulthood and highlights the importance of trauma- informed workplaces to support individuals that has a history of childhood adversity. / Syfte: Denna studie syftade till att undersöka en viktig lucka i den nuvarande forskningen gällande traumatiska barndomsupplevelser och utfall i arbetslivet. De forskningsfrågor som formar denna studie fokuserar på hur barndomstrauman påverkar arbetstillfredsställelse samt anställningstid och huruvida det finns några medierande mekanismer. Metod: Studien använde sig av en tvärsnittsdesign med data från UK Biobank som är en populationsbaserad kohortstudie. Medelåldern för urvalet (12,391 deltagare) i studien var 54,72 år (SD = 5,95), 52,38% av deltagarna var kvinnor, och 90,37% var vita. Dessutom hade 25,91% upplevt minst en traumatisk upplevelse medan endast 1,59% hade upplevt tre eller fler. Resultat: Det användes bland annat en logistisk och gamma regressionsmodell justerade för ålder, kön, utbildning och hushållsinkomst för att bekräfta hypoteserna om att tidiga barndomstrauman är negativt förknippade med arbetstillfredsställelse och anställningstid likt ett dos-responsförhållande. Dessutom visade sig neuroticism, socialt stöd, undvikande coping, uppfattning om livets meningsfullhet och hälsotillfredsställelse ha ett signifikant samband som underliggande mekanismer. Neuroticism och socialt stöd medierade däremot inte förhållandet mellan traumatiska barndomsupplevelser och anställningstid. Med anledning av detta blev hypoteserna om dessa medierande mekanismerna endast delvis bekräftade. Slutsats: Studiens resultat belyser den negativa inverkan barndomstrauman har på arbetsrelaterade utfall samt betonar vikten av att utforma arbetsplatser med ett traumamedvetet bemötande för att stödja individer som har en historia av traumatiska upplevelser.
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