Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-11-06T18:13:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Leiko Uemura.pdf: 1905572 bytes, checksum: 3f6485a1c200299a9216b36e406b1da3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T18:14:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Leiko Uemura.pdf: 1905572 bytes, checksum: 3f6485a1c200299a9216b36e406b1da3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-18 / Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santos / According to the Ministry of Health, respiratory problems represent the second cause of morbidity in the distribution of diseases in Brazil. Studies on the association of air pollutants with morbidity and mortality outcomes from respiratory diseases began in the 1990s. Within professional kitchens, the pollutants emitted by food products mainly result from the heating and cooking process. In addition, the combustion of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and the smoke emitted during the cooking process may contain a number of hazardous pollutants due to the incomplete combustion of the organic compounds in the food material. This study aims to evaluate respiratory risk in commercial restaurant workers in the city of Santos exposed to pollutants, temperature and humidity released during cooking. The present study is cross-sectional, with random sampling for convenience and standardized definitions. Data collection was carried out in ten commercial Buffet restaurants, inside their kitchens and in the hall. The collection of particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), temperature and humidity were performed in duplicate. We also used the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire for symptoms suggestive of respiratory compromise validated in Brazil and was the pulmonary function test (Spirometry) in the workers. The descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U-test were performed to make the results. The univariate and multiple logistic regression model was used to evaluate risk factors for the loss of lung function of exposed workers. The significance level was 5%. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows, version 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, United States) was used for the statistical analysis. It was verified that NO2, PM2.5 and Temperature are above values recommended by the National Environment Council (CONAMA) and São Paulo State Environmental Company (CETESB), both in the kitchen and in the salon, which are higher in the kitchen when compared to the salon (p<0.05), as well as the Humidity that is higher in greater proportions in the hall when compared to (p<0.05). Regarding the respiratory findings among all the evaluated levels PM2,5 and NO2 are jointly important risk factors for decreased FEV1 (PM2.5 above the 1st Quartile OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.15 - 7.71 and NO2 Above the 1st Quartile OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.25 - 9.89). In view of the above, respiratory diseases present a chronic effect on the exposure to air pollutants and meteorological factors, affecting commercial kitchen workers, as evidenced by the importance of public policies aimed at maintaining pollutant levels in concentrations that do not affect workers' health. / Segundo o Ministério da Saúde os problemas respiratórios representam a segunda causa de morbidade na distribuição de doenças no Brasil. Estudos de associação de poluentes atmosféricos com desfechos de morbidade e mortalidade por doenças respiratórias começaram a partir da década de 1990. Dentro de cozinhas profissionais, os poluentes emitidos pelos alimentos resultam principalmente do aquecimento e processo de cocção dos mesmos. Além disso, a combustão do gás liquefeito de petróleo (GLP) e a fumaça emitida durante o processo de cocção podem conter uma série de poluentes perigosos devido à combustão incompleta dos componentes carbônicos no material alimentar. Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o risco respiratório em trabalhadores de restaurantes comerciais na cidade de Santos expostos a poluentes, temperatura e umidade liberados durante a cocção dos alimentos. O presente estudo é transversal, sendo os dados obtidos com amostragem aleatória por conveniência e definições padronizadas. A coleta de dados foi realizada em dez restaurantes comerciais tipo Buffet, dentro de suas cozinhas e no salão, sendo a coleta do material particulado (PM2,5), dióxido de nitrogênio (NO2), temperatura e umidade realizadas em duplicata. Foi utilizado o European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionário investigativo para sintomas sugestivos de comprometimentos respiratórios validado no Brasil e foi a prova de função pulmonar (Espirometria) nos trabalhadores. Para confecção dos resultados foi realizada a análise descritiva, análise de correlação e teste U de Mann-Whitney. Para avaliação fatores de risco para a perda de função pulmonar dos trabalhadores expostos foi utilizado o modelo de regressão logística univariada e múltipla, sendo o nível de significância utilizado 5%. Para as análises estatísticas foi utilizado o programa StatisticalPackage for Social Science (SPSS) para Windows, versão 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Estados Unidos). Verificou-se que o NO2, o PM2,5 e a temperatura encontram-se acima dos valores recomendados pelo Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) e Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB) tanto na cozinha como no salão, esses mais elevados na cozinha quando comparado ao salão (p<0,05) bem como a umidade que se encontra elevada em maiores proporções no salão quando comparada a cozinha (p<0,05). No que se refere aos achados respiratórios, entre todos os níveis avaliados, PM2,5 e NO2 são fatores de risco conjuntamente importantes para FEV1 diminuído (PM2,5 acima do 1o Quartil OR 2,98, IC95% 1,15 - 7,71 e NO2 acima do 1o Quartil OR 3,49, IC95% 1,25 - 9,89). Diante do exposto, verifica-se que as afecções respiratórias apresentam efeito crônico à exposição aos poluentes do ar e aos fatores meteorológicos, afetando os trabalhadores de cozinhas comerciais, com isso evidencia-se a importância das políticas públicas voltadas para manutenção dos níveis de poluentes em concentrações que não afetem a saúde dos trabalhadores.

O trabalho assume um papel cada vez mais central na vida das pessoas, assim, é previsível que modelos modernos de tecnologias de gestão se ocupem também da qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) e dos fatores que incorporam a satisfação do indivíduo em sua atividade laboral e na humanização das situações relacionadas ao trabalho humano. Alguns estudiosos aventam a possibilidade do estresse contínuo no ambiente de trabalho acarretar prejuízos à integridade física, psicológica e ao convívio social e familiar dos profissionais. Assim à medida que o trabalho evolui e se torna mais dependente da técnica, ocorre um maior desgaste físico, psíquico e mental nos trabalhadores, isto acontece em função das exigências impostas pelas ocupações de ocupacionais e aumenta de forma assustadora o número de acidentes e doenças ocupacionais. Desta forma, a prática da odontologia predispõe seus profissionais a desenvolverem, sobretudo doenças do sistema osteomuscular, levando a incapacitação para o trabalho se não forem adotados princípios de ergonomia aplicados ao serviço. De maneira geral, no ambiente profissional há uma série de estímulos que podem contribuir significativamente para o surgimento de um conjunto de sintomas que são classicamente associados ao estresse laboral ou ocupacional. O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em investigar os possíveis sintomas que acometem os cirurgiões dentistas da rede pública e da rede privada do município de Bauru/SP e sua relação com a atividade laboral, por meio do questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares (QNSO), avaliando também a presença da perda muscular manual utilizando um dinamômetro e assim investigar o impacto que esses possíveis fatores de risco causam na qualidade de vida desses cirurgiões dentistas utilizando o questionário QWLQ-Bref (Quality of Working Life Questionnaire Questionário de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho). Do total de 1066 cirurgiões dentistas regularmente inscritos no Conselho Regional de Odontologia de Bauru (CROSP), apenas 128 (100,00%) participaram desta pesquisa, onde 64 cirurgiões dentistas pertencem à rede pública e 64 cirurgiões dentistas pertencem à rede privada. Tendo em vista a relevância sobre o tema Sintomas de LER/DORT, assim como os resultados também mostram que ao comparar a rede pública com a rede privada pôde-se perceber que na rede privada é maior é a frequência dos relatos de queixa de dor, desconforto ou dormência. / Work plays an increasingly central role in people\'s lives, so it is expected that modern models of management technologies will also focus on quality of life at work (QWL) and factors that incorporate the satisfaction of the individual in his work activity And the humanization of situations related to human work. Some scholars point out the possibility of continuous stress in the work environment causing damages to the physical and psychological integrity and to the social and familiar life of the professionals. Thus, as the work evolves and becomes more dependent on the technique, there is a greater physical, mental and mental exhaustion in the workers, this happens in function of the exigencies imposed by occupations of occupational and increases in a frightening way the number of accidents and occupational diseases. In this way, the practice of dentistry predisposes its professionals to develop, especially diseases of the musculoskeletal system, leading to incapacitation for work if principles of ergonomics applied to the service are not adopted. In general, in the professional environment there are a number of stimuli that may contribute significantly to the appearance of a set of symptoms that are classically associated with occupational or occupational stress. The objective of the present study was to investigate the possible symptoms that affect the dental surgeons of the public network and the private network of the city of Bauru / SP and its relation with the work activity, through the Nordic Questionnaire of Osteomuscular Symptoms (QNSO), evaluating Also the presence of manual muscle loss using a dynamometer and thus investigate the impact that these possible risk factors cause in the quality of life of these dental surgeons using the QWLQ-Bref questionnaire (Quality of Working Life Questionnaire). Of the total of 1,066 dentists regularly enrolled in the Regional Council of Dentistry of Bauru (CROSP), only 128 (100.00%) participated in this research, where 64 dental surgeons belong to the public network and 64 dental surgeons belong to the private network. Considering the relevance of the topic \"Symptoms of RSI / DORT\", as well as the results also show that when comparing the public network with the private network it was possible to perceive that in the private network it is greater is the frequency of the complaints reports of Pain, discomfort or numbness.

A organização do trabalho passou por diversas mudanças, sendo a mais recente e atual a da gestão flexível, que contém várias práticas que podem ocasionar, dependendo da forma como são geridas, malefícios à saúde mental do(a) trabalhador(a) e estresse, principalmente se ele(a) for líder, em razão das responsabilidades inerentes à posição. As empresas brasileiras, em torno da década de 1990, começaram a adotar algumas características da gestão flexível para se adequarem às novas demandas econômicas, políticas e sociais. Tal processo ocorreu em paralelo com a transformação de alguns escritórios de advocacia brasileiros, que adentraram no pós-profissionalismo em detrimento do clássico modelo (profissionalismo) tendo como uma de suas características a implantação de grandes bancas advocatícias. Essas bancas, por sua vez, possuem algumas práticas da gestão flexível, que, dependendo da forma com que são organizadas e dos recursos da pessoa para lidar com as demandas exigidas, podem levar a situações potencialmente estressoras. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo identificar os potenciais estressores ocupacionais autopercebidos pelos(as) advogados(as) líderes de duas unidades de uma grande sociedade de advogados(as) e analisar os impactos dos mesmos em suas vidas. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos de casos múltiplos com 9 advogados(as) líderes das unidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. Para a análise das entrevistas utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977/2009). Foram encontrados como estressores potenciais autopercebidos fatores ligados ao reconhecimento; foco somente nos resultados; sobrecarga e ritmo de trabalho; cultura da urgência; conflito de papeis; falta de controle; imprevisibilidade; decidir com o(a) cliente o trabalho e o tempo de realização do caso, sem antes checar a disponibilidade do(a) advogado(a) que fará o serviço; metas; equipe júnior. Tais potenciais estressores podem levar à frustração e sentimento de injustiça; medo de errar; desequilíbrio entre o lazer e o trabalho; e falta de autonomia. Apesar de todos os potenciais estressores apontados, a maioria dos(as) advogados(as) não se percebe com estresse. Além disso, a maioria julga possuir autonomia. Porém, foi analisado que a autonomia e diversos direitos que os(as) advogados(as) possuíam no profissionalismo parecem não mais existir nas relações de trabalho contemporânea, com base no escritório pesquisado, devido ao formato da organização que leva à maior aproximação dos(as) advogados(as) como funcionários(as). Nas considerações finais, foi apontado que os estressores potenciais autopercebidos relacionam-se ao modelo da gestão atual, demonstrando as formas de atuação contemporânea dos escritórios, distantes do perfil clássico, e as consequências que podem acarretar. Tais potenciais estressores não são eventos isolados, fazem parte da rotina diária da maioria dos(as) entrevistados(as) e aparentam ter como ponto central as metas e o reconhecimento. Espera-se contribuir com pesquisas futuras sobre o estresse dos(as) advogados(as) e ter contribuído para a reflexão sobre as relações de trabalho da advocacia contemporânea e as consequências que essas podem acarretar à vida pessoal e profissional dos(as) advogados(as) associados(as) líderes, principalmente à sua saúde / The work organization passed through many changes, which the most recent and actual is the flexible management. This has many different practices and can provoke, depending on how it´s managed, various mental harms on the workers and stress. Mainly if the person is a leader, because of the responsabilities due to the position. Brazilians companies, around of 1990´s, start to adopt some characteristics of the flexible management to adapt to new economic, political and social demands. This process occurred in parallel to the transformation of some law firms, which entered to the postprofessionalism over to the classical model (professionalism) which is noticed with development of big law firms and the adoption by them of some aspects of flexible management. Depending on how these aspects are managed and dealt by each worker, they can drive to many stressful potentials situations. Thereby, the study had as a target to identify self-perceived potential occupational stressors by leaders lawyers of two units of a big law firm and analyze impacts of them in their lives. Therefore, study of multiple cases was realized with 9 leaders lawyers of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. For the analysis of the interviews it was used the technique of Bardin´s content analysis.There were found as self-perceived potential occupational stressors some factors related to recognition, focus just on results, overload and pace of work, culture of urgency, conflicts of rolls, lack of control, unpredictability, decision about work with clients and time to do the work without checking availability of lawyers, goals, team with lack of experience. These potential stressors can cause frustration and feeling of injustice, fear of mistake, unbalance of leisure and work and lack of autonomy. Despite of all potential stressors indicated, the majority of lawyers don´t recognize that have stress. Besides that, most of them think have autonomy, It the other hand, it was analyzed that many rights and autonomy that lawyers had had in the professionalism seem that don´t exist anymore in the relationship of contemporary work of big law firms, based on the law firm researched, because of the mold of the organization that lead lawyers nearer to employees. In the last considerations, it was pointed that self-perceived potential occupational stressors are related to the actual management, demonstrated at actual forms of contemporary law firms, far from the classical profile, and the consequences that can result. Such potential stressors are not isolated events, are part of daily routine of the majority of the interviewers and look like that goals and recognition are central points. This work is expected to contribute with future researches about stress of lawyers and to had contributed to reflection about work relationships of contemporary advocacy and the consequences that can result in personal and professional life of leaders lawyers, especially in their health

Mon travail de thèse vise à saisir les conséquences d’un recours de plus en plus massif à des entreprises privées lucratives, comme les agences d’intérim, dans un secteur historiquement non lucratif, l’Aide Sociale à l’Enfance. Face à ces processus d’externalisation et de sous-traitance de l’action publique, la thèse propose une analyse conjointe des transformations de l’action sociale et des nouvelles formes d’emploi. Dans les foyers de l’enfance, l’embauche de personnel socio-éducatif moins formé, moins cher ou en contrats courts - CDD, intérimaires, auto-entrepreneurs, etc.-, soulève de nombreuses contradictions sur l’activité même du travail social consistant, pour une part, à limiter la précarité des bénéficiaires. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique de quatre années, comprenant des entretiens, allant du personnel socio-éducatif aux cadres et responsables de structures sociales, et des observations participantes en tant qu’éducatrice spécialisée dans deux foyers de l’enfance, cette recherche s’interroge donc sur le phénomène de précarisation qui touche de manière concomitante, mais non symétrique, les publics et les agents des services sociaux. À la croisée d’une sociologie du travail social, de l’emploi et des rapports sociaux, la thèse présente d’un côté les nouveaux modes de gestion de l’emploi qui s’enracinent dans un contexte plus général de reconfiguration de politiques sociales et de l’autre, une analyse du travail du social au prisme de l’emploi atypique. / The purpose of my thesis is to assess the consequences of the rapidly expanding use of private companies, e.g. temporary employment agencies, in an area – child welfare – that hitherto had always been not-for-profit. Confronted with the externalisation and outsourcing of public services, the thesis proposes a joint analysis of the transformations of social work and the new forms of employment. In child welfare centres, the hiring of less-well-trained personnel on lower pay, or the recruitment of temp workers, freelancers or staff on short-term contracts, reveals a number of contradictions about the true nature of social work consisting, for one thing, in limiting the precarious situation of beneficiaries. Based on a four-year ethnographic survey comprising interviews with persons ranging from child welfare staff to managers and heads of social structures, combined with the observations made as a specialised child educator in two child welfare centres, this research examines the phenomenon of the casualization of employment affecting in tandem, but not symmetrically, both the children in need of support and social workers. At the crossroads of the sociology of social work, employment and social relations, the thesis presents, 1) the new ways of managing employment that are taking root as part of a general reconfiguration of social policies and 2), an analysis of the work of social services seen through the prism of the new forms of employment referred to above

Destructive events such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks occur not only in developing economies but also developed economies. Consequently, the response of these economies has been observed in case of both type of events. This dissertation is a collection of essays regarding natural disasters, terrorist attacks and the macroeconomy. Specifically, I examine the response of local labor markets that reflect a wide spectrum of economies, but also have a safety-net in the form of being part of a developed country in the aftermath of a violent tornado. Further, I explore the heterogeneity in the economies response to natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Additionally, I investigate the effects of terrorism on growth and its disaggregated value added components. The first chapter focuses on the effects of tornadoes on local labor markets. I examine the change in local labor markets caused by extreme tornadoes that occur in counties of the contiguous United States. I also investigate the effect these tornadoes have on neighboring counties and evaluate the labor market response in urban and rural counties separately as well. Using a generalized difference-in-difference approach on quarterly data spanning from 1975 to 2016, I find that counties experience persistently higher wages per worker two years following a violent tornado. The effects on urban county can be observed on employment, while the effect in the rural county is observed on wages per worker. Further, evaluating the response of labor markets by sectors reveals the industrial sectors that experience increased labor market activity. The second chapter evaluates the long-run effects of natural disasters and terrorist attacks on growth and the channels through which they affect growth. Using the conceptual framework of a Solow-Swan model I examine an unbalanced annual panel of 125 countries spanning from 1970 to 2015 and find that domestic terrorist attacks, floods, and storms have a similar negative effect on growth, while transnational terrorist attacks and earthquakes have no significant effect on growth. Examining the channels through which they affect growth brings to the forefront the differences between these different types of events. I find that domestic terrorist attacks lead to increased military expenditures in their wake, while floods lead to increased non-military expenditures in their aftermath. Reviewing the data by developed and emerging economies reveals that developed economies are better able to absorb the shock of terrorist attacks as well as natural disasters. I find that although emerging economies are able to absorb the shock of transnational and domestic terrorist attacks, they experience some adverse effects from floods and storms. The third chapter examines the path of GDP growth and its disaggregated industrial, service, and agricultural sector value added components in the aftermath of two types of terrorism - transnational and domestic terrorism. Using a panel VAR model on cross country annual data from 1970 to 2015 I find that fatalities caused by neither domestic nor transnational terrorist attacks lead to a significant change in GDP growth. Examining the disaggregated industrial, service, and agricultural sector components of GDP growth reveals that even disaggregated the value added components of GDP growth experience no adverse effects from the deaths caused by transnational and domestic terrorist attacks. I also distinguish the emerging economies from the entire sample to find that GDP growth in emerging economies experience no significant effects due to the casualties of transnational and domestic terrorist attacks.

This study explored social workers perceptions of disproportionality of African American children in the child welfare system, with a particular focus how they felt child welfare agencies, and organization address the specific needs of African American children and families. Along with the types of services social workers felt could be implemented in order to address the concerns amongst African American families. Major findings in the research under represent the perspective of the social workers who work closely with these children and their families. The overall research method that was utilized in this study was qualitative by design. The data collection consisted of 11 face to face interviews with different types of social workers with current and past experiences working with African American children and families, in the child welfare agency. This research called for opinions, experience and personal beliefs from social workers. The survey consist of 13 open/close ended question and demographical questions that were personally asked to each social worker on a one on one bases. The results of this study identified African American children entering and staying in the system at longer rates, poverty, lack of resources in the community, distrust in the government and cultural competency as major contributing factors to disproportionality in the child welfare system. This study displayed a need for social workers to take on more of a strength based approach and remembering to model the NASW code of ethics when working with African American families. Recommendations for future studies include but are not limited to: exploring options to have preventative services for African American families to be offered in their homes or alternatives to easy accessible services and to explore different strategies, tool and techniques in efforts to increase the relationships between the African American families and the social workers.

In this work, I discuss how global products/ identities are made, transported and consumed, and the inevitable ‘mis-’ in acts of transmission. This research ranges from the miscommunication in languages and linguistics, to the gap between production and consumption. I investigate how things and humans are misread, mispronounced, misfit and mistranslated when they traverse social and cultural borders, arriving at a place in between languages, holding on to and letting go of things that are familiar to neither and both cultures. This work explores diverse media such as publications, videos and installations, and examines how they maybe used to address such contexts as factory production, global trade, circulation and tracking of commodities as well as identities.

Introduction of the problematic: A burnout syndrome is largely presents among paramedics and has a negative impact on both work performance and life quality. The aim of this thesis was to analyse the incidence of burnout syndrome among male paramedics working in emergency care and to find out the effect the syndrome on their sexuality. The research was conducted by an internet survey. Methodology: Research was conceived as quantitative. Research was conducted paramedics working in emergency care by an internet survey that was in progress from 1.2.2019 to 30.4.2019 within facebook group ,,Ošetřovna od ošetřovatelství.info. The research group was consisted of 124 male paramedics working in emergency care. The measure of burnout syndrome was investigated using the Czech version of Shiron-Melamed burnout measure scale (SMBM questionnaire), the sexual life of respondents was examined using the questionnaire Sexual functions of man) in the extended Kroměříž's version (SFM/K). Results: Three of the five hypotheses were confirmed completely, two hypotheses were confirmed partially. The burnout syndrome has been shown to affect the need for sexual activity, the frequency of tries of sexual intercourse and the frequency of satisfying sexual intercourse, the sense of success in sexual life and also the...

Child welfare has been part of American society since the early 1900s and continues to play a pivotal role in response to troubled families. Although there is a need for qualified child welfare staff, the process of maintaining staff is a constant struggle for many child welfare agencies. Many states are experiencing high turnover rates within the child welfare system, and Florida has been acutely impacted. Researchers have demonstrated that the nature of the work, supervision, and other organizational factors continue to contribute to job satisfaction among child welfare professionals. Guided by the social exchange theory as the theoretical framework, which is based on intraorganizational relationships and workplace behavior, this quantitative study determined which indices of job satisfaction influenced retention among workers in Palm Beach County, Florida. It also examined how job satisfaction impacted different worker groups. Using Spector's Job Satisfaction Survey and additional demographical questions, data were analyzed to measure job satisfaction among the different worker groups (n = 18). A 2-tailed t test, analysis of variance, and multivariate analysis of variance indicated that adoption workers were more satisfied than were dependency workers in each of the 9 indices measured and that having a degree in social work did not influence job satisfaction among the different worker types. By understanding the factors related to job satisfaction in Palm Beach County, Florida, child welfare agencies can implement measures and procedures geared at increasing retention among child welfare workers.

Employing a virtual workforce has become a common practice among technically advanced and globally competitive organizations. Yet there is limited information regarding factors that affect job satisfaction and work outcomes of virtual workers. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to address the problem by exploring the lived experiences of virtual workers. Principles of Bandura's self-efficacy theory and Maslow's needs theory formed the conceptual framework. Babbie's sampling strategy and social media were used to obtain 26 participants among the target population of virtual workers. By distributing an online questionnaire, data were collected and analyzed through open coding techniques. As the data were analyzed, common themes emerged. The themes affecting job satisfaction of virtual workers included work and life balance, isolation and belonging, flexibility, resource efficiency, and trust and respect. The themes affecting work outcomes of virtual workers included training and technical support, communication, and workplace distractions. Findings indicated that job satisfaction and work outcomes might vary according to the self-efficacy level, needs, and virtual competencies of the individual virtual worker. Findings may contribute to positive social change by educating individuals on the benefits and challenges of the virtual workplace. Managers may reference the study outcomes when seeking to improve hiring processes, enhance training and technological support, and assess relevant virtual competencies. Employees may consider the study outcomes when determining whether virtual work arrangements align with their professional and personal goals.