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No description available.

La compagnie minière ArcelorMittal Mines Canada exploite, à Mont-Wright près de la ville de Fermont, un gisement contenant principalement de l’hématite (Fe2O3) comme minéral de valeur et de la silice (SiO2) comme gangue. Le minerai extrait de la mine est concassé puis broyé et les minéraux de fer sont concentrés par des spirales. Le concentré est ensuite envoyé par train à l’usine de boulettage de la ville de Port-Cartier. Une partie du concentré est vendu comme tel et l’autre partie est traitée pour produire des boulettes d’oxyde de fer pour les aciéries. Pour certains types de boulettes, la teneur en silice du concentré doit être abaissée à moins de 1.2 à 1.4%. Pour obtenir la teneur en silice exigée par les clients (aciéries), l’usine de boulettage se sert des classificateurs hydrauliques. L’objectif du projet de maîtrise est d’étudier le fonctionnement du classificateur hydraulique afin d’identifier le rôle et l’effet des variables opératoires (meilleur contrôle) et ultimement de proposer un modèle pour cet équipement. Plusieurs essais ont été effectués sur les classificateurs hydrauliques de l’usine de boulettage d’ArcelorMittal en vue d’observer l’impact des variables opératoires sur la densité du lit de pulpe et les variables de sortie (distribution granulométrique et composition chimique) du classificateur, mais surtout sur les variables de performance (rendement poids et teneur en silice à la sousverse) de cet équipement. Le fonctionnement du classificateur hydraulique a été étudié à partir des courbes de partage des minéraux, une approche qui n’a pas été utilisée souvent dans la littérature portant sur ces appareils. Les données tirées de ces campagnes d’échantillonnage ont permis de calibrer un modèle empirique et de simuler, d’une manière simplifiée, l’opération du classificateur hydraulique. Ces données ont finalement permis de constater que cet appareil, d’opération à première vue simple, est en fait complexe et que le développement d’un modèle phénoménologique est nécessaire pour arriver à pouvoir établir des stratégies de commande efficaces afin de réguler le fonctionnement du classificateur. / The mining company ArcelorMittal Mines Canada operates in Mont-Wright near the town of Fermont, an ore deposit consisting mainly of hematite (Fe2O3) as a valuable mineral and silica (SiO2) as gangue. The extracted ore from the mine is crushed and then ground and iron minerals are concentrated by spirals. The concentrate is then sent by train to the pelletizing plant in the city of Port-Cartier. A portion of the concentrate is sold as is and the other part is treated to produce iron oxide pellets for steel mills. For certain types of dumplings, the silica content of the concentrate should be reduced to less than 1.2 to 1.4%. For having the silica content required by customers (steelworks), the pellet plant uses hydraulic classifiers. The objective of the project is to study the operation of the hydraulic classifier to identify the role and effect of process variables (for a better control) and ultimately to propose a model for this equipment. Several tests were carried out on the hydraulic classifiers of pelletizing plant of ArcelorMittal to observe the impact of process variables on the density of the pulp bed and output variables (particle size distribution and chemical composition) of the classifier but especially on performance variables (weight yield and silica content in the underflow) for this equipment. The operation of the hydraulic classifier has been studied from the minerals sharing curves, an approach that has not been used frequently in the literature on these devices. Data from these sampling campaigns were used to calibrate an empirical model and simulate, in a simplified manner, the operation of the hydraulic classifier. These data have finally allowed to find that this device, operation of which is simple at first view, is actually complex and the development of a phenomenological model is necessary to arrive at strategies to establish effective control to regulate the operation of classifier.

My thesis addresses a systematic approach to stochastic models in population genetics; in particular, the Wright-Fisher models affected only by the random genetic drift. I used various mathematical methods such as Probability, PDE, and Geometry to answer an important question: \"How do genetic change factors (random genetic drift, selection, mutation, migration, random environment, etc.) affect the behavior of gene frequencies or genotype frequencies in generations?”. In a Hardy-Weinberg model, the Mendelian population model of a very large number of individuals without genetic change factors, the answer is simple by the Hardy-Weinberg principle: gene frequencies remain unchanged from generation to generation, and genotype frequencies from the second generation onward remain also unchanged from generation to generation. With directional genetic change factors (selection, mutation, migration), we will have a deterministic dynamics of gene frequencies, which has been studied rather in detail. With non-directional genetic change factors (random genetic drift, random environment), we will have a stochastic dynamics of gene frequencies, which has been studied with much more interests. A combination of these factors has also been considered. We consider a monoecious diploid population of fixed size N with n + 1 possible alleles at a given locus A, and assume that the evolution of population was only affected by the random genetic drift. The question is that what the behavior of the distribution of relative frequencies of alleles in time and its stochastic quantities are. When N is large enough, we can approximate this discrete Markov chain to a continuous Markov with the same characteristics. In 1931, Kolmogorov first introduced a nice relation between a continuous Markov process and diffusion equations. These equations called the (backward/forward) Kolmogorov equations which have been first applied in population genetics in 1945 by Wright. Note that these equations are singular parabolic equations (diffusion coefficients vanish on boundary). To solve them, we use generalized hypergeometric functions. To know more about what will happen after the first exit time, or more general, the behavior of whole process, in joint work with J. Hofrichter, we define the global solution by moment conditions; calculate the component solutions by boundary flux method and combinatorics method. One interesting property is that some statistical quantities of interest are solutions of a singular elliptic second order linear equation with discontinuous (or incomplete) boundary values. A lot of papers, textbooks have used this property to find those quantities. However, the uniqueness of these problems has not been proved. Littler, in his PhD thesis in 1975, took up the uniqueness problem but his proof, in my view, is not rigorous. In joint work with J. Hofrichter, we showed two different ways to prove the uniqueness rigorously. The first way is the approximation method. The second way is the blow-up method which is conducted by J. Hofrichter. By applying the Information Geometry, which was first introduced by Amari in 1985, we see that the local state space is an Einstein space, and also a dually flat manifold with the Fisher metric; the differential operator of the Kolmogorov equation is the affine Laplacian which can be represented in various coordinates and on various spaces. Dynamics on the whole state space explains some biological phenomena.

Chicago occupies a place in the American imagination as a city of industry and opportunity for those who are willing to hustle. Writers have in no small part contributed to the creation of this mythology; this canon includes Frank Norris, Theodore Dreiser, Upton Sinclair, Carl Sandburg, and Richard Wright. What is it about these authors that make them the classics of Chicago literature? The “essential” books of Chicago enshrine a period during which the city still held a prominent position in the national economy and culture, and embodied for Americans something of their own identity—the value of individualism, and the Protestant work ethic. Notably absent are the narratives from immigrants, particularly those of color: for a city that was a primary destination for the Great Migration of African Americans from the South and the concurrent immigration of Mexicans in the early part of the 20th century, it is remarkable that these stories have not gained significant attention, with the exception of Richard Wright’s. This dissertation interrogates the discourse of ambition and labor in the Chicago literary tradition from the perspective of three Mexican American authors from Chicago—Carlos Cortez, Ana Castillo, and Sandra Cisneros. These authors, faced with late 20th century deindustrialization and the enduring legacy of segregation, engage with the canonical narratives of Chicago by addressing the intersections of race and citizenship as they affect urban space and labor opportunities. Rather than simply offering a critique, however, the Mexican American authors engage in a re-visioning of the city that incorporates the complexities of a fluid, transnational experience, and in doing so suggest the future of urban life in a post-industrial America. / text

I denna uppsats har jag studerat Konflikten i Antiochia, utifrån två aktuella perspektiv på Paulus - ”Nya Perspektivet på Paulus” och ”Paulus inom judendomen”. Syftet har varit att definiera och klarlägga den huvudsakliga innebörden i de två respektive perspektiven samt att utifrån den förståelsen göra en jämförande analys med hjälp av den valda perikopen. Jag har också sökt analysera vilka konsekvenser perspektiven kan få för vår förståelse av Paulus. För att avgränsa uppgiften har jag utgått från ett urval av forskare inom respektive perspektiv. Dessa är för NPP: E. P. Sanders, James D. G. Dunn och N.T. Wright. För PIJ har jag främst utgått från material av Mark Nanos och Magnus Zetterholm. För att kunna göra perspektiven rättvisa presenterar jag också en kort beskrivning av det ”Traditionella Perspektivet på Paulus” eftersom det är det perspektiv som i lite varierande form har varit det dominerande genom historien. Jag har också gjort några förhoppningsvis förtydligande utvikningar kring hur det gick till när judendom och kristendom skiljdes åt samt ett kort avsnitt kring begreppet bordsgemenskap. Slutsatsen i uppsatsen är att perspektiven förvisso skiljer sig åt på flera punkter men att de till övervägande del ligger nära varandra. Detta är särskilt tydligt vad gäller de vetenskapliga drivkrafterna och metoderna som respektive perspektiv använder sig av.

Notre étude s’intéresse à l’agence André entre 1929 et 1973, période d’activité des frères Jacques et Michel André, architecte et ingénieur. Nous interrogeons leur production dans son contexte spatial et historique, à la lumière des notions de filiations et de réseaux. Issus d’une importante dynastie d’architectes en Lorraine, ils bénéficient d’un héritage à la fois matériel et intellectuel. Cet ancrage, soutenu par la foisonnante École de Nancy du début du siècle, favorise les réseaux de proximité comme les échanges culturels internationaux. Les frères André prolongent ce dynamisme critique en s’impliquant dans le Comité Nancy-Paris,l’Union des artistes modernes et la revue L’Architecture d’aujourd’hui. Dans l’Entre-deux guerres,ils sont les premiers architectes à collaborer durablement avec Jean Prouvé, avant d’associer à l’agence Claude, le fils de ce dernier, dans les années 1960. Proche des entrepreneurs locaux, les deux frères questionnent la valeur constructive de l’architecture :ils s’attachent à atteindre la perfection technique et expérimentent les matériaux. Cette recherche traverse leur production, depuis leur première grande réalisation, l’Institut de zoologie, inspiré par les procédés de Frank Lloyd Wright, jusqu’au musée de l’Histoire du fer,symbole de gloire industrielle régionale. Tandis que les années 1930 constituent une période d’intense créativité, l’agence développe après-guerre les outils nécessaires pour faire face à une commande massive, notamment postale, et se met en quête de productivité. L’agence des frères André constitue ainsi un témoin privilégié des bouleversements de la production architecturale au cours du XXème siècle. / Our study focuses on the André agency between 1929 and 1973, period of activity of thebrothers Jacques and Michel André, architect and engineer. We question their production inits spatial and historical context, in the light of the notions of filiation and networks. Comingfrom a large dynasty of architects in Lorraine, they benefit from both material and intellectuallegacy. This rooting, supported by the teeming École de Nancy in the early century,promotes close networks as well as international cultural exchanges. The André brothersextend this critical dynamic by getting involved in the Comité Nancy-Paris, the Union desartistes modernes (UAM) and the L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui magazine. During the Interwarperiod, they were the first architects to work sustainably with Jean Prouvé, before associatingClaude, the son of the later, to the agency in the 1960s. Close to local building contractors,the two brothers question the constructive value of architecture: they focus on reaching ontechnical perfection and experimentation on materials. This research goes through theirproduction, since their first major achievement, the Institute of Zoology, inspired by FrankLloyd Wright’s processes, to the museum of iron history, symbol of the region's industrialglory. While the 1930s are a period of creativity, the agency develops postwar the toolsneeded to face intense order, in particular postal, and shifts toward a quest for productivity.The André agency thus constitutes a privileged witness to the upheavals of architecturalproduction during the 20th century.

The Master Thesis deals with the design of hardware component interconnection inference algorithm that is supposed to be used in the FPGA schema editor that was integrated into educational integrated development environment VLAM IDE. The aim of the algorithm is to support user by finding an optimal interconnection of two given components. The editor and the development environment are implemented as an Eclipse plugin using GMF framework. A brief description of this technologies and the embedded systems design are followed by the design of the inference algorithm. This problem is a topic of combinatorial optimization, related to the bipartite matching and assignment problem. After this, the implementation of the algorithm is described, followed by tests and a summary of achieved results.

My thesis addresses a systematic approach to stochastic models in population genetics; in particular, the Wright-Fisher models affected only by the random genetic drift. I used various mathematical methods such as Probability, PDE, and Geometry to answer an important question: \"How do genetic change factors (random genetic drift, selection, mutation, migration, random environment, etc.) affect the behavior of gene frequencies or genotype frequencies in generations?”. In a Hardy-Weinberg model, the Mendelian population model of a very large number of individuals without genetic change factors, the answer is simple by the Hardy-Weinberg principle: gene frequencies remain unchanged from generation to generation, and genotype frequencies from the second generation onward remain also unchanged from generation to generation. With directional genetic change factors (selection, mutation, migration), we will have a deterministic dynamics of gene frequencies, which has been studied rather in detail. With non-directional genetic change factors (random genetic drift, random environment), we will have a stochastic dynamics of gene frequencies, which has been studied with much more interests. A combination of these factors has also been considered. We consider a monoecious diploid population of fixed size N with n + 1 possible alleles at a given locus A, and assume that the evolution of population was only affected by the random genetic drift. The question is that what the behavior of the distribution of relative frequencies of alleles in time and its stochastic quantities are. When N is large enough, we can approximate this discrete Markov chain to a continuous Markov with the same characteristics. In 1931, Kolmogorov first introduced a nice relation between a continuous Markov process and diffusion equations. These equations called the (backward/forward) Kolmogorov equations which have been first applied in population genetics in 1945 by Wright. Note that these equations are singular parabolic equations (diffusion coefficients vanish on boundary). To solve them, we use generalized hypergeometric functions. To know more about what will happen after the first exit time, or more general, the behavior of whole process, in joint work with J. Hofrichter, we define the global solution by moment conditions; calculate the component solutions by boundary flux method and combinatorics method. One interesting property is that some statistical quantities of interest are solutions of a singular elliptic second order linear equation with discontinuous (or incomplete) boundary values. A lot of papers, textbooks have used this property to find those quantities. However, the uniqueness of these problems has not been proved. Littler, in his PhD thesis in 1975, took up the uniqueness problem but his proof, in my view, is not rigorous. In joint work with J. Hofrichter, we showed two different ways to prove the uniqueness rigorously. The first way is the approximation method. The second way is the blow-up method which is conducted by J. Hofrichter. By applying the Information Geometry, which was first introduced by Amari in 1985, we see that the local state space is an Einstein space, and also a dually flat manifold with the Fisher metric; the differential operator of the Kolmogorov equation is the affine Laplacian which can be represented in various coordinates and on various spaces. Dynamics on the whole state space explains some biological phenomena.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the work of John Calvin, Jonathan Edwards, and N.T. Wright on the doctrine of Justification. As a comparative study in theology, this work aims to discover areas of continuity and discontinuity between these three theologians. Since all three are identified, or self-identity, with the Reformed theological tradition, it seeks to discern whether the Reformed tradition has been historically open to change, development and transformation in the articulation of doctrine. An underlying question in the study of Calvin, Edwards, and Wright on Justification is what it means to faithfully embody a theological tradition while standing critically within it. As this pertains to the Reformed tradition, the question is whether this robust theological tradition is in fact a “living tradition,” open to fresh insight and re-articulation from succeeding generations of scholars. In this sense, the study examines whether the Reformed tradition has been generally faithful to the principles of semper reformanda and sola scriptura. The work briefly traces the historical development of the doctrine of Justification through some of the major periods of church history. This is followed by chapters on Calvin, Edwards, and Wright, one chapter each, in order to examine their major works on the subject. This analysis takes note of how each one defines particular subjects related to Justification. These include the notions of “justification” itself, “faith,” “the righteousness of God,” “imputation,” and the place of obedience and good works in relation to justification. The sections on Calvin, Edwards, and Wright also include some discussion of scholarly response, reception, or evaluation of each one’s work. The final chapter discusses the idea of “tradition” as a dynamic, living, and on-going conversation about doctrine. This section also focuses on some of the main areas of agreement and disagreement in the views on Justification between Calvin, Edwards, and Wright. The overall aim is to take one of the principle theologians of the Protestant Reformation, and the Reformed tradition in particular – John Calvin – and to see how later theologians, in different historical contexts, develop, build upon, react to, or contribute to Calvin’s doctrine. Edwards represents 18th century Puritan-influenced American Colonialists and the Reformed theology of their day. N.T. Wright represents 20th and 21st century English Biblical scholarship. Wright approaches the subject of Justification as an Anglican New Testament specialist and historian. Since both Edwards and Wright are associated with the Reformed tradition and have found commentators and respondents within that tradition, they become important voices for discerning the direction this doctrine has taken since the time of the Reformation. Ultimately, one hopes that if a living theological tradition is discernible and demonstrable, this can contribute positively to the current debates on Justification within the Reformed churches, further encouraging the semper reformanda principle. Furthermore, one hopes that a living Reformed tradition will enable improved ecumenical relationships and lead to greater unity in the universal Church which has often been divided over the doctrine of Justification. Perhaps the work of Calvin, Edwards, and Wright can assist today’s Reformed theologians by pointing us in a constructive way forward. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die werk van Johannes Calvyn, Jonathan Edwards, en NT Wright ten opsigte van die leerstelling aangaande die regverdigmaking deur die geloof. As 'n vergelykende studie in die teologie, het hierdie studie ten doel om areas van kontinuïteit en diskontinuïteit tussen hierdie drie teoloë te vind. Aangesien al drie geïdentifiseer word, of self-identifiseer, met die Gereformeerde teologiese tradisie, poog die studie om te onderskei of die Gereformeerde tradisie histories oop was vir verandering, ontwikkeling en transformasie ten opsigte van die artikulasie van hierdie leerstelling. 'n Onderliggende vraag by die studie van Calvyn, Edwards, en Wright aangaande die leer van die regverdigmaking deur die geloof is die vraag wat dit beteken om 'n teologiese tradisie getrou te beliggaam en terselfdertyd krities binne die tradisie te staan. Aangesien hierdie studie verwys na die Gereformeerde tradisie, is die vraag of dié robuuste teologiese tradisie in werklikheid 'n "lewende tradisie" is wat oop is vir vars insigte en re-artikulasies deur opvolgende geslagte van navorsers. In hierdie opsig ondersoek die proefskrif of die Gereformeerde tradisie oor die algemeen getrou was aan die beginsels van semper reformanda en sola Scriptura. Die studie skets kortliks die historiese ontwikkeling van die leer van die regverdigmaking deur die geloof tydens enkele belangrike tydperke in die kerkgeskiedenis. Dan volg hoofstukke oor onderskeidelik Calvyn, Edwards, en Wright, waarin hulle belangrike werke oor die onderwerp ondersoek word. Hierdie analise neem kennis van hoe elkeen van hulle bepaalde onderwerpe definieer wat met die leerstelling oor die regverdiging deur die geloof verband hou. Dit sluit in die begrippe "regverdigmaking", "geloof", “God se geregtigheid", "toerekening", en die posisie van gehoorsaamheid en goeie werke in verhouding tot regverdigmaking. Die gedeeltes oor Calvyn, Edwards, en Wright sluit ook ‘n bespreking van die akademiese resepsie en evaluering van elkeen se werk in. Die laaste hoofstuk bespreek die idee van "tradisie" as 'n dinamiese, lewende, en deurlopende gesprek oor doktriene. Hierdie afdeling fokus ook op 'n paar van die belangrikste ooreenkomste en verskille in Calvyn, Edwards, en Wright se standpunte oor regverdigmaking. Die oorhoofse doel is om te kyk na die werk van een van die vooraanstaande teoloë van die Protestantse Hervorming, spesifiek in die Gereformeerde tradisie - Johannes Calvyn - en te ondersoek hoe latere teoloë, in verskillende historiese kontekste, sy artikulasie van die leerstelling oor regverdigmaking ontwikkel, daarop bou, daarop reageer, of daartoe bydra. Edwards verteenwoordig die 18de eeuse Puriteins-beïnvloede Amerikaanse kolonialiste en die Gereformeerde teologie van hul dag. N.T. Wright is gekies as verteenwoorder uit die 20ste en 21ste eeuse Engelstalige wetenskaplike wereld. Wright benader die onderwerp van regverdigmaking as 'n Anglikaanse Nuwe Testamentiese spesialis en historikus. Aangesien sowel Edwards as Wright verbonde is aan die Gereformeerde tradisie en gespreksgenote binne daardie tradisie gevind het, gee hulle ʼn belangrike aanduiding van die rigting waarin hierdie leerstelling sedert die Reformasie ontwikkel het. Ten slotte, ‘n fokus op 'n lewende teologiese tradisie kan 'n positiewe bydrae lewer tot die huidige debatte oor regverdigmaking in die Gereformeerde kerke, en die beginsel van semper reformanda verder aanmoedig. Die fokus op ʼn 'n lewende Gereformeerde tradisie kan beter ekumeniese verhoudings bevorder en tot groter eenheid in die universele (“katolieke”) kerk lei, wat dikwels oor die leer van die regverdigmaking deur die geloof verdeel is en verdeel word. Miskien kan die werk van Calvyn, Edwards, en Wright vir vandag se Gereformeerde teoloë ʼn konstruktiewe rigting vorentoe aandui.