Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis explores the creation of the Virginia’s War Memorial Carillon in relation to the persistent significance of the Civil War in Virginia. By focusing on the debates about Virginia’s War Memorial Library, Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and Carillon, this thesis reconstructs the sentiments and historical legacy that shaped the multitude of decisions leading to the creation of Virginia’s World War memorial. Virginia seriously considered two other proposals for war memorials—the War Memorial Library and the Virginia Tomb of the Unknown Soldier—before ultimately constructing the War Memorial Carillon. Concerns for appropriateness and residual attachments to the Lost Cause of the Civil War inform the debates about the best memorial to represent Virginia and honor the soldiers, sailors, marines, and women from Virginia who fought in the World War.

The works of the nineteenth-century American thinker Ralph Waldo Emerson continue to be inspiring particularly due to their empowering effect on the individual. It is especially Emerson's concepts of the sovereignty of the individual, the importance of self-definition, the view of life as a transitory flow, and the relationship between freedom and fate which can be practically and usefully applied in the life of an individual. It is possible, then, to understand and evaluate Emerson's works through the practical effects of his concepts, in other words through the prism of pragmatism. Emerson's empowering philosophy can be of use especially to disempowered groups such as African Americans. The Emersonian themes which are to be found in the works of various African-American non-fiction writers such as W.E.B. Du Bois, James Baldwin, Martin Luther King Jr. and Cornel West testify to the relevance of Emerson for this minority group. In Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man and Richard Wright's Native Son, two African-American novels, Emersonian principles are shown to be of utmost importance for the positive development of the protagonists.

Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le domaine des technologies de l’information et de la communication pour l’enseignement (Tice) et a pour objet d’étudier l’articulation du présentiel et de la distance dans le contexte capverdien. Elle vise la compréhension de cette modalité d’apprentissage hybride. Un dispositif permettant aux étudiants d’échanger et de collaborer autour de tâches collaboratives a été mis en place.Le cadre théorique fait référence au socioconstructivisme, à la communication médiée par ordinateur (CMO) et à l’écrit comme fondement de base pour cette recherche. Celle-ci a une visée compréhensive et praxéologique, l’objectif général et à terme étant d’apporter des éclairages permettant d’appréhender plus facilement les Tice en vue de les intégrer efficacement dans des formations en français autorisant l’usage des outils technologiques. La démarche que nous avons adoptée est axée sur une approche ethnométhodologique. Les données obtenues ont été analysées quantitativement et qualitativement puis, elles ont été croisées selon le principe de la triangulation (Van Der Maren, 1997).Cette recherche propose quelques éléments de réponse. L’usage des outils technologiques facilite les échanges entre les étudiants, leur permet de co-construire leur apprentissage, autorise des rétroactions sur les formes linguistiques. Elle facilite l’encadrement et l’accompagnement des étudiants. Les conditions technologiques et techniques sont également importantes. / This research is in the field of information technology and communication for teaching (ITC) and aims at studying the joint-face and distance in the Cape Verdean context. It is in order to understand this form of blended learning that a device allowing students to share and collaborate around collaborative tasks has been established.The theoretical framework refers to social constructivism, communication mediated by computer (CMC) and written as basic foundation for this search. It has a comprehensive and praxeological reference, the overall objective is to provide insights for easier understanding of the ITC to effectively integrate the use of technological tools in training in teaching French. The approach we have adopted is based on an ethnomethodological approach. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, then they were crossed according to the principle of triangulation (Van Der Maren, 1997).This research provides some answers. The use of technological tools facilitates exchanges between students, allowing them to co- construct their learning, and enables feedback on linguistic forms. It also facilitates management and support to students. Technological and technical conditions are also important.

\"Galiano Ciampaglia. Razões de uma arquitetura\" - estuda um arquiteto que identifica as bases da profissão no ofício do pai, um mestre-canteiro a serviço de Ramos de Azevedo. Vinculado com seus pares, Jacob Ruchti e Miguel Forte, à historiografia da cidade através do edifício-sede IAB-SP, Galiano Ciampaglia (n.1913) é também protagonista do pioneirismo da Escola de Engenharia Mackenzie que, em 1939, forma a primeira turma de arquitetos paulistas reconhecidos pelo Ministério da Educação e da Saúde. Desenhado a partir de fragmentos de quase um século, o caráter do estudo é em primeiro lugar de natureza histórica. O diferencial do gênero é agregar a um estudioso de Frank Lloyd Wright e à uma produção focada na casa paulista, uma personalidade e uma formação ao mesmo tempo pragmática e erudita, fundamentais à compreensão de sua obra e de sua reserva. / \"Galiano Ciampaglia. Reasons for an architecture\" studies an architect that identifies as bases for his profession, his own father\'s occupation, as a master - mason that worked for Ramos de Azevedo. Together with his partners, Jacob Ruchti e Miguel Forte, Galiano Ciampaglia (born 1913) is connected to the history of the city as one of the designers of IAB-SP\'s main office. He is also a graduate of Mackenzie Engineering School\'s first class of architect\'s officially recognized in São Paulo by the Ministry of Education and Health. Drawn from the scraps of nearly a century, the essence of the study is primarily historic. The differentiation in this case is to add to this Frank Lloyd Wright admirator and a residential specialist, a personality and background at the same time pragmatic and erudite, fundamental to the understanding of his work and heritage.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Kobashi Gallinati.pdf: 412702 bytes, checksum: 2fc8df8533225cbc6d9ca2781ad6127a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-01 / Deontic Logic to arise in the middle of the 1926, though the thinker Ernest Mally. Years latter, in 1951, George Henrik VON WRIGHT published the article Deontic Logic, stimulating its development. Our goal, on this work, is to show the purposes and convictions of the Deontic Logic of VON WRIGHT and the connection between Finalistic Theory of HANS WELZEL. First of all, we will begin the work, dealing with logic. We will do a brief introduction about logic, with the intention of the enter studies of the Deontic Logic of VON WRIGHT. We will accept yours concepts and theories about the Deontic Logic. This work finish with the connection between causality bordered of the Action Theory of HANS WELZEL and the causality of VON WRIGHT. / A lógica deôntica surgiu como estudo em meados de 1926, através do grande pensador Ernest Mally. Anos mais tarde, em 1951, George Henrik VON WRIGHT publicou o artigo Deontic Logic, e a partir daí a lógica deôntica teve maior desenvolvimento. Nosso objetivo, neste trabalho, é o de expor os pressupostos e convicções da lógica deôntica de VON WRIGHT e a relação com a teoria finalista da ação de HANS WELZEL. Iniciaremos o trabalho, discorrendo sobre a origem da lógica. Faremos uma breve introdução sobre à lógica, com o intuito de adentrarmos no estudo da lógica deôntica de VON WRIGHT. Aceitaremos seus conceitos e teorias a respeito da lógica deôntica. O trabalho termina com a relação de causalidade limitada pela teoria da ação de HANS WELZEL e a causalidade de VON WRIGHT

My research explores the interplay between the archival and aesthetic sensibilities of novelists not typically associated with archival practices--Claude McKay, Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison, and Jack Kerouac. In juxtaposing their dual roles as public novelists and private archivists, I expose how their literary practices echo with core concepts in archival theory and position the novel as an alternative and superior site of historical preservation. Drawing on my experience as an archivist, I argue that the twentieth-century American novel's concern with inclusivity, preservation and posterity parallels archival science's changing approach to ephemera, arrangement, and diversity. The role of the archive in my work is both methodological and thematic: first, my own research incorporates these authors' cache of research materials, correspondence, drafts, diaries, and aborted or unpublished pieces, obtained during my visits to their various repositories. Second, I extricate the role of the archival in their fictions, and trace how their research, documentation, and classification practices inform their experiments with the novel form. I propose that all these vagabond masters of novelistic craft throw into relief the archive's positivist fallibility while also stressing its creative mutability.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Deisy Sunae Kawakami.pdf: 1635094 bytes, checksum: 5d5d31d4bb4c5d53e805055a8ef4dbc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-13 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / On the turn of the twentieth century, several scientists were investigating infectious diseases. The aim of this research is to rebuild the path followed by Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) in his studies on microbiology, from 1908 to 1921, when he identified an enzyme related to the natural immunology of living beings. This dissertation contains an introduction and five chapters. Chapter 1 deals with Fleming s first bacteriological investigations, in cooperation with Almroth Wright (1861-1947). Besides that, it deals with Fleming s prescriptions for skin infections. Chapter 2 analyses Fleming´s contributions concerning the SALVARSAN therapy. Chapter 3 presents Fleming´s research on the treatment of infected injures got during the First World War, as well as, the experiments on microorganisms performed by him. Chapter 4 describes Fleming s research on secretions and tissues, concerning the identification of an important enzyme related to the natural immunology. Chapter 5 provides some final remarks on the subject. This study showed that Fleming was very cautious in methodological terms. It led to the conclusion that although Fleming had been trained under Wright and several of his contributions were part of a collective work, this was not the case concerning the identification of lysozyme. This Fleming´s original contribution changes the view that was accepted at that time / Na virada do século XX, diversos cientistas estavam investigando as doenças infecciosas. O objetivo desta pesquisa é reconstruir o percurso seguido por Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) em seus estudos de microbiologia, desde 1908 até 1921, quando ele identificou a lisosima, uma enzima relacionada à imunologia natural dos seres vivos. Essa dissertação contém uma introdução e cinco capítulos. O capítulo 1 trata do período em que Fleming iniciou suas investigações bacteriológicas ao lado de Wright, e o que prescreveu para o tratamento de infecções da pele. O capítulo 2 analisa as contribuições de Fleming relacionadas ao tratamento da sífilis, no que se refere à metodologia empregada na administração do Salvarsan. O capítulo 3 discute as pesquisas para o tratamento de feridas infectadas durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, bem como, os experimentos realizados por Fleming para detectar os microrganismos presentes. O capítulo 4 descreve as pesquisas de Fleming em secreções e tecidos e a identificação de uma importante enzima relacionada à imunologia natural. O capítulo 5 apresenta algumas considerações finais sobre o assunto. Esse estudo levou à conclusão de que Fleming era meticuloso sob o ponto de vista metodológico. Além disso, embora ele tivesse sido treinado por Almroth Wright, ao contrário de suas outras contribuições no período que resultaram de um trabalho coletivo, a lisosima foi uma contribuição original de Fleming. Esta contribuição foi significativa e modificou a visão que se tinha na época sobre o assunto

El emplazamiento es y siempre ha sido un condicionante de la obra arquitectónica, pero ha sido a partir de la arquitectura del Movimiento Moderno que se le ha otorgado un papel protagonista en ese juego de relaciones que se producen entre la obra y su contexto, entrando a formar parte inextricable del proceso proyectual y de su representación gráfica. Para poder formular una reflexión sobre las incidencias diversas del lugar en la arquitectura y alcanzar los principales objetivos de la investigación, a lo largo de esta tesis se muestran, a través de diferentes proyectos, distintas estrategias con respecto a la implantación y conformación de esa arquitectura en la que los hitos del lugar están presentes en cada momento. La incorporación de innovadoras tecnologías de construcción y de nuevos materiales conlleva un nuevo lenguaje arquitectónico, una especial sensibilidad por el entorno y nuevos procesos de experimentación tanto a nivel formal como contextual posibilitando un diálogo más estrecho con el lugar. A partir de ese momento también en el campo de la representación gráfica se producen cambios, en parte debido a la aparición del cine y de la fotografía, que junto a otros factores facilitan la obtención de una visión más amplia, más de conjunto y a la vez más personalizada e intencionada. Aparecen los apuntes de viaje, los fotomontajes y las perspectivas aéreas y se hace especial énfasis en las primeras tomas de contacto con el lugar. Ya desde los años 50, muchos teóricos han definido la arquitectura como arte del lugar, paralelamente a la definición de la arquitectura como arte del espacio. Tanto el espacio como el lugar pasan a considerarse explícitamente como esencia de la arquitectura. A través del análisis de varios proyectos arquitectónicos a partir del Movimiento Moderno, obras emblemáticas por todos conocidas, se trata de observar y de señalar los aspectos más relevantes del proceso creativo del proyecto bajo el prisma de la consecución de ese fin de integración con el lugar. Ello nos llevará a una serie de reflexiones en busca de unas intenciones y de unas estrategias comunes entre los diferentes casos analizados, al margen de los saltos generacionales, ya que tanto se hablará de una obra de Wright como de una obra de Siza. En esta búsqueda se insistirá en una serie de conceptos fundamentales como el de las trazas y fuerzas vivas del lugar, organicidad y proceso orgánico, la ruptura de la caja, el continuum topográfico, el dinamismo de la componente horizontal y la descomposición, conceptos con los que comulgarán todos los arquitectos seleccionados. De este modo la tesis abre un camino de reflexión sobre la importancia del lugar en la arquitectura y de cómo se conforma esa arquitectura que nace en ese lugar de manera que no estropee el paisaje donde se implanta, sino todo lo contrario, que lo reordene y que lo mejore, contribuyendo paralelamente al interés por la formación de nuevas investigaciones en esta línea.

Arquitectura y estructura han ido siempre íntimamente ligadas, pero con la aparición del acero y el hormigón surgieron nuevas necesidades formales o estéticas. El Estilo Internacional se inclinó por separar la retícula estructural de los cerramientos. En cambio, la Escuela de Chicago forjó las bases de una arquitectura optimizada y racional. Frank Lloyd Wright, entre estas dos situaciones, optó por seguir las pautas naturales de los materiales, de forma “orgánica”, recuperando la integración entre los diferentes componentes de la arquitectura. Dentro del recorrido sobre el papel de la estructura en la historia de la arquitectura, parece apropiado detener el análisis en la obra de Frank Lloyd Wright y su particular utilización de la estructura. El Guggenheim Museum es el edificio que recoge muchas de las constantes, por lo que merece la pena estudiarlo analizándolo a través de su estructura. En este sentido, la figura de Jaroslav J. Polivka resulta de particular interés debido a la colaboración mantenida con Wright. De esta relación surgen en ocasiones las claves, no sólo de las soluciones concretas de la estructura, sino de los condicionantes finales dentro del conjunto arquitectónico / Architecture and structure have always been closely related, but the advent of the steel and reinforced concrete created new needs in the formal aspects. The International Style opted to separate the structural framework from the walls. On the other hand, the Chicago School forged the basis of a rational and optimized architecture. Between these two situations, Frank Lloyd Wright chose the approach of following the natural patterns of materials, in ¿organic¿ manner, recovering the interaction between the different elements of the architecture. Into the range about the role of the structure in the history of architecture, it seems appropriate to stop the analysis in the work of Frank Lloyd Wright and his particular use of structure. The Guggenheim Museum is the building that reflects many of the constants, so it is worth analyzing its structure. In this sense, the figure of Jaroslav J. Polivka has a particular interest because of his collaboration with Wright. From this relationship sometimes arise the keys, not just the specific solutions for the structure, but the final conditions within the architectural form. Key words Architecture, structure, Structural typologies, Frank Lloyd Wright, Jaroslav Joseph Polivka, Guggenheim Museum, Organic Architecture, Plates and shells, Cantilevers, Dendriform columns.