Uncorrupted political system is the basic criterion for the government policy. It affects the development of the whole country from political, economical and social perspectives. If the policy systems and the governors are corrupted, the credibility of the government will be decreased. Therefore, the whole country¡¦s administration and regulation will be in serious danger. Today, fighting for corruption is in the reforming stage, and every party in Taiwan all supports this policy. However, due to different political concerns, during the process of implementing the Sunshine Act, the original idea of fighting corruption has been contorted. Under this circumstance and in order to satisfy people¡¦s expectation, it is necessary to seriously concentrate on the problems of establishing an uncorrupted political system. In the nations with honest government systems, administrative supervision system is a very important segment. The system places administrative power under supervision and inspection controls. Within their independent and detached status and fair operation, administrative supervisory organs can have influential and powerful controls over the administrative departments and staff. Under this mechanism, a completely anti-corruption system and a reputation of honor government can be successfully established. This research made an in-depth study of the Control Yuan and the government employee ethics units as the major study subjects and combined with the supplementary administrative law materials to further examine the administrative supervision system in Taiwan. This research was mainly prepared with the use of literature analysis, comparative analysis and inductive analysis and has employed the basic theories of Administration Act, i.e. the five major structures of administrative principles, administrative organization, limit of administrative rights, administrative relief and administrative surveillance, as the research approaches of the study to examine the law of the administrative supervision system thoroughly. It is hoped that through the analysis of the Control Yuan and the government employee ethics units from the jural, institutional, and functional perspectives, this study would be able to provide the government an effective and practicable administrative supervision system.

Le 18 mars 2000, Chen Shui-bian, représentant le Parti Démocrate-Progressiste (Minjindang) succédait à Lee Teng-hui, appartenant au Parti Nationaliste (Kuomintang), premier président élu au suffrage universel à Taïwan. Cependant, le Yuan législatif a connu à partir des années 2000, et jusqu'au terme du second mandat de Chen Shui-bian en 2008, de nombreux blocages, résultant du fait que le KMT et ses alliés du camp pan-bleu aient réussi à conserver à toutes les élections législatives le contrôle du parlement. Le point de départ de notre thèse est de comprendre comment ces blocages sont advenus, et la manière dont les différentes branches du gouvernement et du parlement ont négocié en vue de les résoudre. A ce titre, nous nous intéressons en particulier au rôle des Grands Juges du Yuan judiciaire (Sifa yuan Dafaguan) dans la résolution de ces différends institutionnels. Nous nous demandons si ces derniers ont été un recours dont les différentes branches se sont servies pour résoudre ces différends ou bien sont-ils restés en retrait, préférant ne pas s'impliquer dans les problèmes politiques ? Les Grands Juges ont eu pour constante l'affirmation de leur indépendance en tant que cour constitutionnelle. Plutôt que de trancher les litiges, ils ont préféré les recours aux solutions négociées entre les acteurs, donnant un cadre aux institutions pour résoudre les conflits. En matière de libertés fondamentales et de droits de l'Homme, les Grands Juges ont statué en faveur de la garantie ou de l'extension des droits déjà inscrits dans la Constitution de 1947. Cette institution agit ainsi dans la continuité de son rôle historique dans la transition démocratique. / On March 18th, 2000, Chen Shui-bian, representing the Democratic-Progressive Party (Minjindang), succeeded Lee Teng-hui, member of the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and first Taiwan president elected by popular vote. However, starting in 2000, and until the end of Chen Shui-bian's second term in 2008, a number of political standoffs occurred in the Legislative Yuan, as a result of the KMT and its allies of the so-called pan-blue camp securing control of the parliament's majority in every legislative election. Our thesis aims to understand how these deadlocks happened, and the way in which each branch of the government negotiated to find agreements. We particularly focus on the role played by the Great Justices of the Judicial Yuan (Sifayuan Dafaguan). Were the Great Justices called upon by the different branches of the government to end the stalemates, or did they stay away from political matters? The Great Justices have consistently asserted their independence as a constitutional court. Instead of deciding in favour of one party or another, they have privileged procedural solutions, providing thus an institutional framework for conflict resolution. In matters of civic liberties and human rights, the Great Justices have ruled in favour of protecting and extending the rights already enshrined in the 1947 Constitution. The Great Justices therefore appear more as defenders of rights, i.e. ombudsmen, rather than as a constitutional mechanism to work disputes out. This institution thus acts in keeping with its historical role during the democratic transition.

published_or_final_version / Chinese Historical Studies / Master / Master of Arts

本論文主要之目的在了解小令之格式，以便嘗試創製小令，共分一冊，九萬餘言，茲 概述各章內容如下： 第一章：「緒論」共分二節，第一節略述研究動機、方法與討論範圍，第二節探討令 之特色及種類。 第二章：「小令之格律」共分二節，第一節探討小令之聲律及□律；第二節深討小令 之字怐，其中包括襯字、對偶、務頭之運用。 第三章：「元曲小令譜別體例釋」訂作十個宮調內一百二十餘種牌之元令譜，其製作 方法如下：先收集宜於作小令曲牌之部分元人小令，根據這些小令，逐一勘對，比較 歸納，然後作成定論，除了常用之格（即正體）以外，若干變例亦一起併列，並加以 說明。 第四章：「結論」對本論文研究重點作一總結。

This dissertation investigates the northeast Indian Buddhist Monk, Dhyanabhadra (Zhikong, Kor. Jigong, Sunyadisaya, ca. 1289-1364 C.E.). He began his more than a decade of study in the Nalanda Mahavihara education system late in the 13th century, and then at the age of nineteen began a journey to the east and a life that would lead to him being known as "the last light of Indian Buddhism" in East Asia.This study is inspired by two goals. One is to retrace the formation, dissemination and reception of his thought and soteriological paradigm of practice from his native state of Magadha, then Sri Lanka, and then throughout India, Yuan China and Goryeo Korea. The other is it explicate the main elements and concepts of his thought and present them to the academic community.I examine Zhikong's thought through my translations and discussions of key passages from three primary source texts on him, as well as other writings, in order to situate his Buddhist thought and practice within the historical context of Buddhism in the Yuan capital and Goryeo. I propose that Zhikong's representative paradigm of practice, based on the "(neither arising nor) non-arising precepts (wusheng jie)" system, emphasized a socio-ethical approach that viewed the realization of awakening as available to the laity as well as monks. He was especially attracted to minoritized or marginalized peoples in Yuan society, specifically members of the Goryeo expatriate community in the Yuan capital of Dadu (Beijing). I argue that the elements and concepts of Zhikong's representative "(neither arising nor) non-arising precepts" system more closely resemble those of late-Goryeo Buddhism's "bodhisattva precepts" system than those of Yuan-period Chinese Chan's "pure rules of Chan" precepts system.

No description available.

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-89). / This thesis seeks to examine the extent of the role that the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) played in Taiwan's high-technological development and whether developing countries of today can promote such development by creating similar institutional arrangements. Literature on innovation systems was reviewed, particularly national innovation systems and the role of R&D institutions within these. Taiwan's recent economic success, deemed attributable to economic and institutional reforms in recent decades, was also studied. In depth analysis was carried out of its leading high-technological research institute, ITRI, which bridges the gap between industry and academia. Although the case of Taiwan is sometimes presented as a unique example of industrial success of an SME-based state, this thesis argues that this success was possible because the research and development process had a large institute at its core. One way of creating such a research scale is by merging existing institutes, a process that would result in more efficient use of capital and human resources. The case of high-technological development in Pakistan is briefly assessed in order to gauge how its existing institutions structure could be amended to allow such changes to be made. The study concludes with the following three main points: (i) scale is an important factor: Taiwan's SME-based industry was able to succeed because of a large research institute at its core; (ii) in developing countries, governments decide which form of high-technology to pursue and when; thus, timing and choice of sector are important; and (iii) political leadership was seen to be important in the case of Taiwan's development in high-technology, and can play a key role in developing countries of today. / by Fareeha Yasmin Iqbal. / M.C.P.

by George Jor Chi-keung. / Bibliography: leaves 124-152 / Thesis (M.Ph.) -- Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1984

手稿本 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學,1971. / 參考文獻: p. 1-10(4th group) / 林章新. / 序論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 袁中郎之生平 --- p.3 / Chapter 一 --- 中郎事略 --- p.3 / Chapter 二 --- 中郎之生活 --- p.11 / Chapter 三 --- 中郎與政治 --- p.62 / Chapter 四 --- 中郎與佛教 --- p.78 / Chapter 五 --- 中郎與酒 --- p.99 / Chapter 第二章 --- 袁中郎與花道 --- p.113 / Chapter 一 --- 中華瓶花賞鑑述略 --- p.113 / Chapter 二 --- 中郎之花道論 --- p.118 / Chapter 第三章 --- 袁中郎之文學理論 --- p.160 / Chapter 一 --- 中郎文學理論背景 --- p.160 / Chapter 二 --- 中郎文學理論淵源 --- p.174 / Chapter 三 --- 中郎文學理論 --- p.194 / Chapter 甲 --- 通變論 --- p.194 / Chapter 乙 --- 尚質論 --- p.206 / Chapter 丙 --- 韻趣論 --- p.221 / Chapter 第四章 --- 袁中郎之文學 --- p.232 / Chapter 一 --- 中郎之古文 --- p.232 / Chapter 甲 --- 論文 / Chapter 乙 --- 序文 / Chapter 丙 --- 傳文 / Chapter 丁 --- 碑銘文 / Chapter 二 --- 中郎之小品文 --- p.269 / Chapter 甲 --- 小品文釋義 --- p.269 / Chapter 乙 --- 中郎與晚明小品 --- p.278 / Chapter 丙 --- 中郎小品文分論 --- p.308 / Chapter （一） --- 山水小品 / Chapter （二） --- 尺牘小品 / Chapter （三） --- 隨筆 / Chapter （四） --- 瓶史、觴政文論 / Chapter 三 --- 中郎詩論 --- p.439 / Chapter 甲 --- 中郎詩之內容 --- p.439 / Chapter 乙 --- 中郎詩之淵源及其風格 --- p.450 / Chapter 第五章 --- 袁中郎之影響 --- p.511 / Chapter 一 --- 公安派與竟陵派 --- p.511 / Chapter 甲 --- 竟陵派之文學理論 --- p.517 / Chapter 乙 --- 竟陵派之詩文 --- p.537 / Chapter 二 --- 袁中郎與清初文風 --- p.562 / Chapter 1 --- 金聖嘆 / Chapter 2 --- 李漁 / Chapter 3 --- 張潮 / Chapter 4 --- 袁枚 / Chapter 三 --- 袁中郎與東洋文學 --- p.607 / Chapter 第六章 --- 袁中郎昆仲之文學 --- p.645 / Chapter 一 --- 袁宗道 --- p.645 / Chapter 甲 --- 袁宗道事略 --- p.645 / Chapter 乙 --- 袁宗道之文學理論 --- p.649 / Chapter 丙 --- 袁宗道之文學 --- p.655 / Chapter 二 --- 袁中道 --- p.674 / Chapter 甲 --- 袁中道事略 --- p.674 / Chapter 乙 --- 袁中道之文學理論 --- p.674 / Chapter 丙 --- 袁中道之文學 --- p.690 / Chapter 第七章 --- 總評 --- p.717

ABSTRACT The effect of the urban landscape development influenced by the urban architecture movement through the means of participation during the evaluation process of the Yuan-Ye Building Landscape Award, sponsored by the Kaohsiung Judicious Creative Architecture Association is presented. The optimum resolutions of the public issues and policies through applying the mechanism of the participation of the public during the judging process have made the Award distinct from the others. In the process, the Award has implemented the following steps to accomplish the objectives: applying the resource control from top down with a communication channel from bottom up, creating a new type of workgroup among the sponsors, professionals, and the public through participation of working with and learning from each other, forming of informal team to reduce miscommunications between the fields, conducting community meetings and revising questionnaire to modify participation strategy to seek urban space issues and to set the judging criteria, and, finally, offering realistic solutions to resolve the actual urban space issues. To act on a theory as a study method, the Award, through the participants¡¦ comments of different roles to the situations and environments in the evaluation process while maintaining a comprehensive recordation, has developed a model of execution with suggested steps. In the process of action, with the complexity of the model and the growing number of participants and societies, the scale and the influenced range expanded gradually. In order to clear the situations, the report divided the system into two stages, the development stage and the fulfillment stage. Each stage has different steps with different events. The events such as the milestone of the event, the cooperation of the government, the reaction of the professionals and the expected result, all will interact on each other causing different effects to the whole operation. The feedback of the action can be extended to analysis the mechanism and interact of the model. The suggestion of improvement can be supplied to provide helpful information for the future reference. Key words¡GArchitecture¡BYuan-Ye Award ¡BUrban landscape development¡BParticipation.