Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2009. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-50). / Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an external acoustic source, disrupts the daily life of 1 out of every 200 adults, yet its physiological basis remains largely a mystery. While tinnitus and hearing loss (i.e., elevated pure tone thresholds) commonly co-occur, many people without hearing loss experience tinnitus, raising the question of whether cochlear pathology is always a prerequisite for this percept. This study used distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) to evaluate the cochlear amplifier of 13 tinnitus subjects and 13 non-tinnitus subjects (matched by age, sex, and audiogram) across a broad range of frequencies and intensities. DPOAE magnitudes were measured for at least 52 frequencies (500 Hz <f2 5 8 kHz, with f2ff=1.2) and nine intensities (20 dB < L2 5 60 dB, with L, = 39 + 0.4L2) in each ear. Further, this study only considered ears with normal audiograms and unremarkable history so that any abnormal findings could not be attributed large-scale hair cell damage within the cochlea. Consistent differences in the shape of the DP-gram (DPOAE magnitude as a function of presentation frequency, f2) were found in tinnitus subjects. A quantitative method for assessing DP-gram shape was developed, and statistical analyses were performed to determine whether tinnitus or other patient characteristics correlated with the abnormal DP-gram shape. The data collected in this study suggest peripheral auditory malfunction in tinnitus subjects with normal audiograms. / by Leah C. Acker. / S.M.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur musiker ser på begrepp som ljudnivå, musikupplevelse och relationen mellan dessa. Underlaget för studien är sex intervjuer med musiker och ljudtekniker, med och utan hörselskador. Studien byggs på sex kvalitativa intervjuer och är avgränsad till att i första hand behandla detta inom musikstilar vilka är baserade på trummor och bas – pop/rock, jazz/blues. Studiens resultat visar att parametrar som t.ex. genre, lokal, ljudteknik, ljudtekniker och arrangör har inverkan på det ljud och den ljudnivå som uppnås vid en konsert. Vidare redovisas respondenternas syn på relationen mellan ljudnivåer och musikupplevelse. Samtliga respondenter menar att ljudvolymen har en stor betydelse för den musikaliska upplevelsen och att faktorer som lokalens utformning och musikens genre har stor betydelse för upplevelsen av lämplig ”ljudbild”. / The purpose of this study is to investigate musicians’ opinions about terms such as sound level, musical experience, and the relation between them. The basis for the study is six interviews with musicians and sound engineers, some with and some without hearing disorders. The study is limited to primarily focus on musical styles that are based on drums and bass – jazz/blues, pop/rock. The result demonstrates that parameters like genre, room, technical equipment, sound engineers and arrangers all have influence on the sound and the sound level at a concert. Also – the respondents’ different views on the relationship between sound level and musical experience are presented. All the respondents think that volume is of great significance for the total experience of the music and the feelings it brings. They also believe that factors like the interior and form of the room/venue and the musical genre are of great importance for the experience of proper sound and sound environment.

碩士 / 國立臺北護理健康大學 / 聽語障礙科學研究所 / 99 / The purpose of this study aimed to explore whether tinnitus patients’ acceptance of internal noise (tinnitus) could response to their acceptance of external background noise. This study explored whether the acceptable noise level (ANL) of patients with tinnitus could be affected by tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), and to explore the correlation between change of tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) scores and that of ANL before and after 6-months TRT. There were 19 tinnitus subjects who would receive TRT (experimental group) and 20 tinnitus subjects without TRT (control group) in this study. ANLs of those patients with and without TRT were compared. No significant difference in the ANL result between the two groups was found. THI scores could reflect the degree of patients’ tinnitus distress. Results of this study revealed that the TRT may improve the tinnitus distress, but no significant change in ANL. The correlation between the change of THI scores and that of ANL before and after treatment was positive but not significant (r=0.434, p=0.063). We further analyzed the variation of three THI subscales (functional, emotional and catastrophic subscales), ANL, MCL and BNL, The results showed a significant negative correlation between variation of THI score and that of BNL. Furthermore, THI-functional subscale was positively correlated to variation of ANL (p<0.05), and negatively correlated to variation of BNL (p<0.01) Specific questionnaires are often used clinically to evaluate the degree of tinnitus handicap. However, results of this study demonstrated that the BNL may reflect the tinnitus of adaptation to tinnitus of each subject and his/her acceptance of tinnitus. Although there seemed to be no significant change in ANL after 6-months TRT, variation of THI-functional subscale scores could be observed in this study. The more the functional handicap improvement, the more the patients’ willingness to listen to speech under higher background noise. For the further study we suggest to increase the number of subjects and longer follow-up time to further explore the influence of auditory training on ANL.

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Book Summary: This book was written for more than 50 million Americans who experience tinnitus - some 2 million disabled by it. Just some of the helpful ideas and simple treatment options in this book that readers can effectively accomplish at home include altering medications or changing diets, using sound therapy such as music, learning techniques for improving concentration through use of positive imagery, and improving sleep patterns by controlling middle-of-the-night thinking. The enormous advantages of this book over other titles on this topic come from the 17 renowned scientists who have contributed to this invaluable consumer resource, one that will make a difference in the lives of readers who suffer from this unfortunate malady.

Tinnitus ist eine Erkrankung mit hoher Prävalenz, welche häufig psychische Störungen nach sich zieht, Mit der Studie sollte untersucht werden, in welchen konkreten Dimensionen die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität bei Tinnituspatienten eingeschränkt ist, und wie sich diese Einschränkungen während und nach Therapie, einschließlich hyperbarer Sauerstofftherapie, ändern. 120 ambulant oder stationär behandelte Patienten mit Tinnitus wurden zu drei Zeitpunkten untersucht. Eingesetzt wurden die Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, das Multidimensinal Fatigue Inventory und der Lebensqualitätsfragebogen EORTC QLQ-C30. Im Vergleich zu Personen der Allgemeinbevölkerung waren die Tinnituspatienten in allen Bereichen beeinträchtigt, am stärksten in den Skalen Soziale, Kognitive, Emotionale und Rollen-Funktionsfähigkeit sowie im Bereich finanzielle Schwierigkeiten. Im Laufe der Therapie verbesserten sich die Werte, so dass sich der Abstand zum Niveauder Allgemeinbevölkerung etwa halbierte.

The objective of this study was to describe the influence of tinnitus distress on quality of life (QoL) outcomes in adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients who experience tinnitus, and to investigate the prognostic significance of tinnitus distress over time. A retrospective, longitudinal study of 210 adult (_18 years) CI recipients implanted between 2001 and 2017 was conducted. Data on hearing-related QoL, using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) and tinnitus distress, using the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ) were captured preoperatively as well as at 6-months, 12-months and >24-month postoperatively. The effect of tinnitus distress on hearing-related QoL outcomes over time was determined. Furthermore, 13 potential predictive factors were identified from the retrospective dataset, including demographic, hearing loss, CI, speech perception and tinnitus related factors. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify variables that influence hearing-related QoL outcomes over time. Lower tinnitus distress and younger age at implantation were the only two out of 13 possible predictor variables that were identified as significant predictors of better hearing-related QoL in adult CI recipients. A general trend of statistically significant (p<0.01) tinnitus relief was evident from the preoperative interval to the 6-months, 12-months and >24-months postoperative intervals, confirming significant relief in tinnitus distress up to more than two years post-implantation. Within this dataset, higher levels of tinnitus distress were associated with poorer hearing-related QoL outcomes, as confirmed by the negative correlation between tinnitus distress and hearing-related QoL. This study contributes to a better understanding of the complex influence that multifactorial variables has upon the hearing-related QoL outcomes of adult CI recipients. This enables clinicians to provide evidence-based preoperative counselling combined with postoperative rehabilitation to adult CI recipients and their families. Not only was tinnitus distress confirmed as a predictive factor for hearing-related QoL in this study, but also the association between residual tinnitus distress and hearing-related QoL. These results emphasize the importance of identification, counselling and timely monitoring of adult CI recipients who experience tinnitus. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / MA / Unrestricted

Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An investigation was undertaken to ascertain whether there could be a connection between noise levels in a dental environment and noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) in a sample of South African dentists. This took the form of a questionnaire sent to dentists in the Central Gauteng and Cape Western areas, followed by the measurement of noise emissions of airotor / air-turbine handpieces. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Ondersoek is geloods om te bepaal of daar 'n verband bestaan tussen die geraas vlakke in 'n tandheelkundige omgewing en Geraas Geïnduseerde Gehoor Verlies ("Noise Induced Hearing Loss") in 'n groep Suid-Afrikaanse tandartse. Die ondersoek het bestaan uit 'n vraelys wat tandaartse in Sentraal Gauteng en die Wes Kaap voltooi het, opgevolg deur die meting of registrasie van geraas vlakke veroorsaak deur lugturbine handstukke.

Thesis (Ph. D. in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology)--Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, 2013. / Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-57). / Perceptual abnormalities such as hyperacusis and tinnitus often occur following acoustic overexposure. Although such exposure can also result in permanent threshold elevation, some individuals with noise-induced hyperacusis or tinnitus show clinically normal thresholds. Recent work in animals has shown that noise exposure can cause permanent degeneration of the cochlear nerve despite complete threshold recovery and lack of hair cell damage (Kujawa and Liberman, J Neurosci 29:14077-14085, 2009). Here we ask whether this noise-induced primary neuronal degeneration results in abnormal auditory behavior, indexed by the acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle. Responses to tones and to broadband noise were measured in mice exposed either to a neuropathic exposure causing primary neuronal degeneration, or to a lower intensity, nonneuropathic noise, and in unexposed controls. Mice with cochlear neuronal loss displayed hyper-responsivity to sound, as evidenced by lower startle thresholds and enhanced PPI, while exposed mice without neuronal loss showed control-like responses. Gap PPI tests, often used to assess tinnitus, revealed spectrally restricted, as well as broadband, gap-detection deficits in mice with primary neuronal degeneration, but not in exposed mice without neuropathy. Crossmodal PPI tests and behavioral assays of anxiety revealed no significant differences among groups, suggesting that the changes in startle-based auditory behavior reflect a neuropathyrelated alteration specifically of auditory neural pathways. Despite significantly reduced cochlear nerve response, seen as reduced wave 1 of the auditory brainstem response, later peaks were unchanged or enhanced, suggesting neural hyperactivity in the auditory brainstem that could underlie the abnormal behavior on the startle tests. Taken together, the results suggest a role for cochlear primary neuronal degeneration in central neural excitability and, by extension, in the generation of tinnitus and hyperacusis. / by Ann E. Hickox. / Ph.D.in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-02T12:27:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina Almendra Cruz.pdf: 1199458 bytes, checksum: 06bc3fa1988b172bfdbe5f9a4816a715 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-02T12:27:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina Almendra Cruz.pdf: 1199458 bytes, checksum: 06bc3fa1988b172bfdbe5f9a4816a715 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / Introduction: Tinnitus is a symptom characterized by sound sensations originated without any external sound stimulus. It is usually associated with hearing loss. Objective: to describe the socio-demographic and psychoacoustic characteristics of adult patients with tinnitus. Method: Retrospective study of 581 medical records of patients with tinnitus. Data collected: sex, age, occupation, presence of hearing loss, location, duration and type of tinnitus, responses to acuphenometry, minimum level of masking (MML) and Analog-Visual Scale (VAS) 12. Results: Data showed that 62.31% were male and 37.69% female. 11.53% had a profession related to the heath sector, the rest were distributed almost equally among the other categories. The age distribution ranged from 17 to 88 years. 50,95% of the individuals have tinnitus in both ears, 6.37% in the head, 24.78% in the left ear and 17.90% in the right ear. Most have constant tinnitus (61.62%). Most patients did not have hearing loss. Among patients with hearing loss, more than 94% have bilateral, mild or moderate hearing loss. The duration of tinnitus has a distribution from 1 to 720 months. In the VAS the mean value was 6.05 and in the TBF-12 was 6.41. The mean values of Acufenometria were 6.3dBLS and MML 15.70 dBLS in the right ear and 14.28 dBLS in the left ear. Conclusion: Tinnitus affects men more often than women, regardless of the profession they have. The most referred site was both ears, constant and whistle type / Introdução: zumbido é um sintoma caracterizado por sensações sonoras originadas sem qualquer estímulo sonoro externo. Geralmente está associado à perda auditiva. Objetivo: descrever as características sócio demográficas e psicoacústicas de pacientes adultos com zumbido. Método: estudo retrospectivo de 581 prontuários de pacientes com zumbido. Foram coletados os dados: sexo, idade, profissão, presença de perda auditiva, localização, duração e tipo de zumbido, respostas à acufenometria e ao nível mínimo de mascaramento (MML) e à Escala Análogo-visual (EAV) e ao questionário TBF-12. Resultados: os dados mostraram que 62,31% eram do sexo masculino e 37,69% do sexo feminino. 11,53% tinham profissão ligada à área da saúde; os demais foram distribuídos quase que igualmente entre as outras categorias. A distribuição das idades variou de 17 a 88 anos. 50,95% dos indivíduos tem zumbido em ambas as orelhas, 6,37% na cabeça, 24,78% na orelha esquerda e 17,90% na orelha direita. A maioria tem zumbido constante (61,62%). A maioria dos pacientes não apresentou perda auditiva. Entre os pacientes com perda auditiva, mais de 94% apresentam perda de grau leve ou moderado bilateralmente. O tempo de zumbido tem distribuição e 1 a 720 meses. No EAV apresentaram média foi de 6,05 e no TBF - 12 foi de 6,41. Os valores médios da Acufenometria foram de 6,3dBNS e do MML 15,70 dBNS na orelha direita e 14,28 dBNS na orelha esquerda. Conclusão: zumbido acomete mais frequentemente homens que mulheres, independentemente da profissão que possui. O local mais referido foi em ambas as orelhas, do tipo constante e apito