Rationale – Climate disasters represent a significant and growing proportion of the humanitarian burden and are a key factor in increasing poverty and insecurity. A myriad of studies demonstrate that aid delivered in an ex-ante fashion can be effective in mitigating losses of life, assets and livelihoods associated with climate hazards. This inquiry supplements the nascent body of research and empirical evidence base pertaining to the building of anticipatory capacity into large-scale national systems, namely via linking a Forecast-based Financing mechanism to an existing social protection system. Research question – Using the case of flood disasters in Bardiya district, Nepal, the research inquired the following: How can social protection be combined with Forecast-based Financing in order to optimise anticipatory humanitarian relief for climate-related disasters? Sub-questions – Research sub-questions guided the inquiry: (1) To what extent are current social protection beneficiaries exposed to climate-related disasters? (2) What is the specific climate vulnerability of social protection beneficiaries? (3) What are the anticipatory relief needs of climate vulnerable social protection beneficiaries? Methodology – Grounded in empirical research via the conduct of a qualitative single case study, the inquiry adopted a conceptual perspective and an exploratory design. A remote data collection strategy was applied, which included (1) a thorough desk review of key scientific literature and secondary data provided by in-field humanitarian organisations; and (2) semi-structured interviews with key informants. Key findings – The data demonstrated that the exposure of social protection beneficiaries to flood hazards is comparable to the general population. Nevertheless, an elevated climate vulnerability is evident secondary to an increased sensitivity and diminished adaptive capacity. The flood anticipatory relief needs/preferences identified include cash-based assistance, food provisions, evacuation assistance and/or enhanced Early Warning Systems. Conclusion – The research supports the utilisation of the proposed conceptual model for an integrated social protection and Forecast-based Financing mechanism, inclusive of vertical and horizontal expansion, in order to effectively identify the most climate vulnerable groups and to guide the provision of targeted anticipatory actions. The mechanism is optimised when a people-centred approach is utilised, with reference to the idiosyncratic, lifecycle and corresponding intersectional vulnerabilities of the targeted population. These findings will contribute to prospective programming in Nepal; additionally, the extent to which they can be generalised will be informed by future applied efficacy studies and comparative analyses with research from differing contexts.

Analysis and evaluation of positive law of benefits which are drawn by people in the Czech republic was my main intention. The result of frequent amendments is questionable interpretation of particular provisions and decline of legal certainty, because neither instructed employees who work in employment offices or in others can help general public. In the Czech republic there is a stronge social-democratic feeling from interwar period that is receding from the reality of our lives. Quick economic changes during 90'caused admission of liberal measures. These consequences carried into effect, that Czecch family policy of the begining of this millenium is a combination of various wals, very difficult to be classify. On the one hand I see a problem in current concepts of role of the family by young people because it devaluates gradually which you can notice in a big amount of divorces, fall of marriages, in a way to postpone pragnancy, drop of new-born babies etc. On the other hand it is necessary to say, that in fact, there is still distrust in a case to employ mothers of small children and that's why i tis very difficult to join both, care about family and building of career. Compared with other developed countries employers placed in the Czech republic offer parents who would like to work for, still few...

Social protection of persons with disabilities My thesis treats social protection of persons with disabilities. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the Czech and French legislation in the field of social security of person with disabilities. The thesis is composed of four sections. The first section which is divided into two chapters is dedicated to generalities - the first chapter gives a theoretic definition of the handicap and persons with disabilities. The second chapter investigates the protection of person with disabilities from the point of view of the international law and European Union's law that represent the foundation of the Czech and French legal system. The second section which is divided into five chapters analyses the Czech legal order. The third chapter provides an outline of Czech legal definition of relevant terms. The next chapter describes assessment of health, which is provided by Medical Assessment Service. The fifth chapter treats social insurance's and state social support's security benefits. The sixth chapter look at security benefits which are provided by the social assistance system. It consists of three subchapters where the first one treats the care allowance, the procedure and social services. The next subchapter described the mobility allowance, the allowance...

Em face da vulnerabilidade econômico-social corrente no mundo contemporâneo, as temáticas dos direitos sociais e dos programas de proteção à pessoa humana têm assumido grande proeminência internacional. Voltada a esse contexto, a presente dissertação desenvolve um estudo de natureza teórica com o objetivo de refletir sobre os impasses e desafios das políticas públicas sociais na atualidade. Enfocando, pois, as transformações que se deram no tecido social dos países do centro capitalista ao longo das últimas décadas, argumenta-se que o marco em que se constrói a proteção social no nível socioantropológico pode estar em vias de esgotamento. Isso porque, elaboradas no contexto europeu do final do século XIX e início do XX, em que vigorava uma sociedade de cunho industrial, com trabalho assalariado formal, famílias nucleares e fortes Estados Nacionais; as políticas de proteção social, embora focassem o bem estar dos indivíduos, atuavam em tal direção a partir de crivos embasados nos coletivos em que eles se inseriam laborais, familiares ou mesmo nacionais. Hoje, todavia, percebe-se que a dinâmica social não é mais a mesma e, devido ao próprio desenvolvimento socioeconômico, essas coletividades se dissolveram, vigorando na sociedade um processo de individualização, que tende a inviabilizar as políticas sociais nos ditos moldes. Assim, através do aporte de três autores europeus contemporâneos - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen e Pierre Rosanvallon - são aqui trazidas à tona as características fundantes da proteção social, para então, com base no referencial teórico de Ulrich Beck, ressaltar a individualização como um processo contraditório de socialização fruto da modernidade industrial e desafiador de sua proteção social. Destacando essa problematização, por fim, são analisados alguns entrelaçamentos e entraves dados às políticas sociais por essa dinâmica reflexiva, com vistas a contribuir para o debate de alternativas que visem amenizar a desigualdade social na contemporaneidade. / Themes regarding social rights and programs of human protection have assumed great prominence internationally in light of contemporary economic and social vulnerability. This thesis advances a theoretical study about the dilemmas and challenges that social public policies currently face. Focusing on the changes that have taken place in the social fabric of central capitalist countries over the past few decades, it argues that the socio-anthropological landmark under which social protection was built may be nearing exhaustion. Such protection was developed and consolidated in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Europe, which were characterized by an industrial society, with formal wage labor, nuclear families and strong National States. In this panorama, social policies, although focused on the well-being of individuals, acted through channels based on their collectives either labor-, family- or national-collectivities. Today, however, social dynamics have changed in the face of socio-economic development, leading to a dissolution of such groupings and to a parallel process of individualization, which tends to derail the former molds of social policies. Thus, first, through the contribution of three contemporary European authors - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen and Pierre Rosanvallon - the thesis presents the fundamental characteristics of social protection; then, based on the theoretical framework of Ulrich Beck, it emphasizes individualization as a paradoxical process of socialization resulting from industrial modernity that challenges its social protection apparatus. Focusing on this scene, finally, some interlacements and obstacles given by this reflexive dynamics to social policies are analyzed, with the aim of contributing to the debate on ways to alleviate contemporary social inequalities.

Este trabalho, busca analisar a formação sanitária e a demarcação das práticas sanitárias na realidade brasileira. Para compor o cenário da investigação, foram definidos três momentos, no correr do século XX – o deslocamento da noção de higienistas para a formação de sanitaristas, a partir da criação das escolas de Saúde Pública; a concepção de formação sanitária, a partir das narrativas de diretores e professores; e as necessidades e respostas institucionais encaminhadas sobre as questões sanitárias no final da década de 90. Foram utilizadas diferentes fontes, para sua realização: documentos oficiais; orais e iconográficos, em acervos de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. Tomando a escola de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais, não como estudo de caso, mas como base para sua reflexão sobre os centros de formação sanitária, a autora busca privilegiar a articulação entre espaços e práticas concretas, que constituem e demarcam o campo sanitário na perspectiva dos direitos sociais e da proteção social, ou seja, sem desconsiderar as mudanças profundas, no exercício do poder, que vêm se dando no papel do Estado, desde a década de 70, no Brasil. De agente promotor do bem-estar social para o de regulador, a Saúde Pública, objeto desse estudo, deveria se manter como central na esfera das políticas públicas e sociais, havendo a necessidade de se enfrentar e reinscrever, tarefa nada fácil, as noções de público, serviço público e responsabilidade pública na dimensão ética da vida social, no período contemporâneo. Considerando a perspectiva, o estudo conclui que o Estado, a partir de seus centros formadores, deve prosseguir promovendo a formação e contratação de pessoal qualificado para funções e atividades que marcam o campo da ação sanitária, na realidade brasileira. / This study aims to analyse the formation of human resources in Public Health and the delimitation of the public health practices in the Brazilian reality. To compose the scenery of the investigation the author chose three moments throughout the XXth Century – the displacement from the notion of hygienists to the of public health workers, with the creation of the schools of public health; the concepts of the formation of public health workers from the reports of Deans and teachers of Schools of Public Health; and the needs and institutional responses elaborated on the public health question, in the end of the last decade of the Century. The author utilised different sources in her study: official documents, oral and iconographic sources, in the cities of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. Taking the School of Public Health of Minas Gerais, not as a case study but as a basis for her reflection on the centres for the formation of public health workers, the author gives importance to the articulation between concrete spaces and practices which constitute and fix the limits to the field of public health in the perspective of social rights and social protection, that is, without ignoring the profound changes which are taking place, since the Seventies in Brazil, on the role of the State, from a promoter of social welfare, to the role of a regulator. Thus, Public Health, which is the object of this study, should remain central in the sphere of public and social policies, making it necessary to face and re-think (a difficult task) the notions of public, public services and public responsibility, in the ethic dimension of social life, in the contemporary period. In this perspective, the study concludes that the State, by means of its centres for the formation of human resources, must continue to promote the formation and utilisation of qualified personnel for the functions and activities that delimit the field of public health action, in the Brazilian reality.

Em face da vulnerabilidade econômico-social corrente no mundo contemporâneo, as temáticas dos direitos sociais e dos programas de proteção à pessoa humana têm assumido grande proeminência internacional. Voltada a esse contexto, a presente dissertação desenvolve um estudo de natureza teórica com o objetivo de refletir sobre os impasses e desafios das políticas públicas sociais na atualidade. Enfocando, pois, as transformações que se deram no tecido social dos países do centro capitalista ao longo das últimas décadas, argumenta-se que o marco em que se constrói a proteção social no nível socioantropológico pode estar em vias de esgotamento. Isso porque, elaboradas no contexto europeu do final do século XIX e início do XX, em que vigorava uma sociedade de cunho industrial, com trabalho assalariado formal, famílias nucleares e fortes Estados Nacionais; as políticas de proteção social, embora focassem o bem estar dos indivíduos, atuavam em tal direção a partir de crivos embasados nos coletivos em que eles se inseriam laborais, familiares ou mesmo nacionais. Hoje, todavia, percebe-se que a dinâmica social não é mais a mesma e, devido ao próprio desenvolvimento socioeconômico, essas coletividades se dissolveram, vigorando na sociedade um processo de individualização, que tende a inviabilizar as políticas sociais nos ditos moldes. Assim, através do aporte de três autores europeus contemporâneos - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen e Pierre Rosanvallon - são aqui trazidas à tona as características fundantes da proteção social, para então, com base no referencial teórico de Ulrich Beck, ressaltar a individualização como um processo contraditório de socialização fruto da modernidade industrial e desafiador de sua proteção social. Destacando essa problematização, por fim, são analisados alguns entrelaçamentos e entraves dados às políticas sociais por essa dinâmica reflexiva, com vistas a contribuir para o debate de alternativas que visem amenizar a desigualdade social na contemporaneidade. / Themes regarding social rights and programs of human protection have assumed great prominence internationally in light of contemporary economic and social vulnerability. This thesis advances a theoretical study about the dilemmas and challenges that social public policies currently face. Focusing on the changes that have taken place in the social fabric of central capitalist countries over the past few decades, it argues that the socio-anthropological landmark under which social protection was built may be nearing exhaustion. Such protection was developed and consolidated in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Europe, which were characterized by an industrial society, with formal wage labor, nuclear families and strong National States. In this panorama, social policies, although focused on the well-being of individuals, acted through channels based on their collectives either labor-, family- or national-collectivities. Today, however, social dynamics have changed in the face of socio-economic development, leading to a dissolution of such groupings and to a parallel process of individualization, which tends to derail the former molds of social policies. Thus, first, through the contribution of three contemporary European authors - Robert Castel, Gøsta Esping-Andersen and Pierre Rosanvallon - the thesis presents the fundamental characteristics of social protection; then, based on the theoretical framework of Ulrich Beck, it emphasizes individualization as a paradoxical process of socialization resulting from industrial modernity that challenges its social protection apparatus. Focusing on this scene, finally, some interlacements and obstacles given by this reflexive dynamics to social policies are analyzed, with the aim of contributing to the debate on ways to alleviate contemporary social inequalities.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caina Domit Vieira.pdf: 1376487 bytes, checksum: 4863d61b05ff8d53f050f4a8a876b7f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-04 / This dissertation aims to analyze the working conditions of the Haitian immigrant in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. To do so, the study considers the course of the Haitian from the departure of his country of origin, the journey to Curitiba, the reason for choosing Brazil, the reality faced upon arrival, the difficulties encountered, the process of personal domination to which Is subject to the search for better living conditions and the means by which these issues result in precarious work, at which point social protection and its main forms are examined: (a) the reception of Haitian immigrants by public entities and non-governmental organizations ; (B) the Brazilian migration policy; (C) the actions of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, in particular the regularization of the situation of immigrants to provide the insertion of Haitians in the formal labor market in Brazil and the supervision of working conditions; (D) the projects and programs developed by the State of Paraná and the Universities of Paraná in relation to the conditions of the Haitian immigrant and the fight against slave labor. It is an interdisciplinary research, with a socio-juridical approach, with a qualitative approach and application of documentary analysis and the organization of the testimonies collected in the interviews in empirical categories. The methodological procedures used are: (i) interview with Haitian immigrants, with the purpose of ascertaining the reasons for the choice of Brazil, the route to Brazil and, in particular, its working conditions; (Ii) bibliographical research, to examine the process of personal domination of Haitian immigrants as workers for the acceptance of precarious work; (Iii) documentary research, with analysis of reports of insertion of immigrants in the Brazilian labor market, of the Ministry of Labor and Employment, in particular its Observatory of International Migration, with a survey of the context and main sectors in which Haitians work in Curitiba. The temporal cut of the research starts in 2013, considering the indication of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in the sense that Haiti became the main nationality in the Brazilian formal labor market in the aforementioned year. Finally, the spatial / territorial clipping in the Curitiba Metropolitan Region results from the highlight of the Municipality as the principal in admitting workers in January 2016 (OBMIGRA). / A presente dissertação possui como finalidade analisar as condições de trabalho do imigrante haitiano na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Para tanto, a pesquisa considera o percurso do haitiano a partir da saída de seu país de origem, o trajeto realizado até Curitiba, o motivo da escolha pelo Brasil, a realidade enfrentada na chegada, as dificuldades encontradas, o processo de dominação pessoal ao qual está sujeito na busca por melhores condições de vida e o meio pelo qual tais questões resultam no trabalho precário, ponto no qual é examinada a proteção social e suas principais formas: (a) o acolhimento aos imigrantes haitianos pelos entes públicos e pelas organizações não governamentais; (b) a política migratória brasileira; (c) as ações do Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social, em especial à regularização da situação dos imigrantes para proporcionar a inserção dos haitianos no mercado formal de trabalho brasileiro e a fiscalização às condições de trabalho; (d) os projetos e programas desenvolvidos pelo Estado do Paraná e pelas Universidades paranaenses com relação às condições do imigrante haitiano e ao combate ao trabalho escravo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa interdisciplinar, de cunho sociojurídico, com abordagem qualitativa e aplicação de análise documental e da organização dos depoimentos colhidos nas entrevistas em categorias empíricas. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são: (i) entrevista com imigrantes haitianos, com o fim de averiguar os motivos da escolha pelo Brasil, o percurso até o Brasil e, em especial, suas condições de trabalho; (ii) pesquisa bibliográfica, para examinar o processo de dominação pessoal dos imigrantes haitianos enquanto trabalhadores para aceitação do trabalho precário; (iii) pesquisa documental, com análise de relatórios de inserção dos imigrantes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, em especial de seu Observatório de Migrações Internacionais, com a apuração do contexto e dos principais setores em que laboram os haitianos em Curitiba. O recorte temporal da pesquisa parte do ano de 2013, considerando a indicação do Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social no sentido de que o Haiti se tornou a principal nacionalidade no mercado de trabalho formal brasileiro no aludido ano. Enfim, o recorte espacial/territorial na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba decorre do destaque do Município como principal em admitir trabalhadores no mês de janeiro de 2016 (OBMIGRA).

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:43:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Fernando Taques Fonseca Buzato.pdf: 1461557 bytes, checksum: a1a1146e4f5b0949f6b059871567512c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / For the Brazilian society in general indigenous issues is seen as complex as it seeks to integrate the various indigenous ethnic groups with non-Indian, a nationalist ideological discourse, while preserving their culture starting with abstract conceptions and general on the subject. Symptomatic of this are the various ways of referring to indigenous peoples throughout history, observed both in literature and in the formulation and enforcement of rights. Given this reality, this research aims to study social protection aimed at indigenous children who usually stay overnight in the city of Ponta Grossa in the company of their families in the sale of handicrafts, in order to understand, through the different speeches of representatives of agents government, how they interpret and apply the rights and guarantees to indigenous children. Looking up through these speeches, which grasp concepts and representations that these agents have on indigenous children in the city and how this impacts on social protection, through their practices. To this end, the research uses the literature review as its theoretical support, both to introduce the reader to the field of representation, and to present the image of the Indian construction and their children in Brazil, and to briefly discuss the main conflicts and tensions between Indians and non-Indians in the country's history, the collection of data from the Home Support Indian to know the profile of indigenous families and children who remain there, and field research through informal conversations held with public officials responsible for indigenous issues in the county and collection of their personal testimony through semi-structured questionnaire. Thus, the research will consist of three chapters, in order not only to situate the reader briefly about indigenous issues in Ponta Grossa, but to allow reflection on the possibilities and limits of social protection of indigenous children in the county, through field representations. / Para a sociedade brasileira de um modo geral a questão indígena é vista como complexa, pois busca-se integrar as diferentes etnias indígenas com o não índio, num discurso ideológico nacionalista, e ao mesmo tempo preservar a sua cultura partindo-se de concepções abstratas e genéricas sobre o tema. Sintomático disto são as diversas formas de se referir aos povos autóctones ao longo da história, observadas tanto na literatura quanto na formulação e aplicação de direitos. Diante desta realidade, essa pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a proteção social destinada a crianças indígenas que costumeiramente pernoitam na cidade de Ponta Grossa em companhia de suas famílias na venda de artesanatos, com o objetivo de compreender, através dos diferentes discursos dos agentes representantes do poder público, como estes interpretam e aplicam os direitos e garantias a crianças indígenas. Busca-se, através destes discursos, apreender quais as concepções e representações que estes agentes têm acerca das crianças indígenas no município e como isto influencia na proteção social, através de suas práticas. Neste intuito, a pesquisa se utilizará da revisão bibliográfica como seu suporte teórico, tanto para introduzir o leitor no campo da representação, quanto para apresentar a construção da imagem do índio e das suas crianças no Brasil, e para discorrer brevemente sobre os principais conflitos e tensões existentes entre índios e não índios na história do país; da coleta de dados junto a Casa de Apoio ao Índio para conhecer o perfil das famílias e crianças indígenas que permanecem ali; e da pesquisa de campo através de conversas informais mantidas com os agentes públicos responsáveis pela questão indígena no município e da coleta de depoimento pessoal deles através de questionário semi-estruturado. Desta forma, a pesquisa será composta por três capítulos, a fim não apenas de situar brevemente o leitor quanto a questão indígena em Ponta Grossa, mas de permitir a reflexão sobre as possibilidades e limites da proteção social das crianças indígenas no município, através do campo das representações.

This thesis is concerned with social policy during structural transformation, focusing on the case of Ethiopia. The thesis takes a realist, case-based approach to the study of social policy, which recognises that political actors construct the domain of 'social' policy within legitimising discourses in specific national-historical contexts. Social policy is a key aspect of state-society relations and an inherently political field of study. Consequently, the study integrates analysis of cleavages in domestic society along class and ethnic lines, the role of state organisations and international influences, and their impact on the social policy pronouncements by senior government officials and implementation of those policies on the ground. In the Ethiopian case, this approach highlights the centrality of land to social policy and state• society relations. In particular, state land ownership is a key part of the government's development strategy that aims to combine egalitarian agricultural growth with security for smallholders. Nevertheless, the failure to expand the use of productivity-enhancing agricultural inputs, which constitute key complements to the use of land for social objectives, has led to differentiation in social policy provision along class, gender, age and ethnic lines. Micro-level case studies link the land question to food security, including the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP), and processes of agricultural commercialisation, notably the so-called 'global land grab'. A main argument of the thesis is that the Ethiopian government is attempting to manage social processes in order to minimise the social and political upheaval involved in structural transformation, and that social pol icy is a central means by which it does so. The development strategy requires social policies that enable the government to control the allocation of factors of production, necessitating restrictions on the rights of individuals and groups. As such, this strategy is intricately intertwined with political authority.

This thesis has two main objectives. First, it investigates how social support relationships - embedded within kinship systems, friendship networks and associational groups - contribute to the wellbeing of cash transfer beneficiaries in two urban districts in Ghana. Second, it explores how a formal social protection programme affects the wellbeing of beneficiaries both directly and indirectly via its effect on these other support relationships. The thesis takes the Ghana Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) cash transfer programme as a case study, examining how it is implemented in practice within an urban setting, and how social support relationships influence its effect on the wellbeing of cash recipients. Throughout this thesis wellbeing is used as a discursive space for looking at the often neglected non-material dimensions of wellbeing. In particular, it takes a relational wellbeing approach which emphasises how material, emotional and cognitive dimensions of wellbeing are embedded in social relationships. It uses a Qualitative Longitudinal Research (QLR) approach, complemented by a qualitative social network analysis to map the constellation of relationships on which urban recipients of LEAP transfers rely, and to explore the motivations and rationalities underpinning them. The findings of the thesis add to existing research on social relationships and cash transfers in Africa by extending the analysis to a contemporary urban context. They challenge the assumption that urban residents can draw upon a vibrant support system, by finding that such relationships can be unreliable, provide inadequate support and can be associated with exclusion and marginalization. In addition, the thesis finds that norms underpinning support relationships are constantly being reshaped and challenged. The thesis also highlights the important but diverse effects that formal social protection programmes can have on material, emotional and cognitive wellbeing of recipients, both directly and indirectly via their effect on other significant social relationships of beneficiaries.