Consacrer une thèse à la lutte contre le crime organisé aux Émirats Arabes Unis peut paraître assez étonnant. La sécurité dans ce pays atteint un niveau très élevé et les autorités gardent un contrôle très ferme sur une population composée à 90% d’étrangers. Considérés généralement comme un des pays les plus sûrs au monde, le crime organisé n’a pas sa place aux Émirats. Mais le sujet se justifie parce que la lutte contre le crime organisé ne se conçoit que dans un cadre global qui met au premier plan les pays aux économies avancées. Les Émirats sont parties prenantes à la stratégie et à la coopération internationale qui se développent fermement depuis plus d’une trentaine d’années pour réduire les organisations criminelles. Ces organisations toujours actives ont été rejointes par des organisations terroristes qui se financent par des trafics et des activités illégales. Cette jonction entre le crime et le terrorisme, prouvée par les enquêtes sur le terrain, est un facteur d’aggravation de l’instabilité et un défi pour les forces de police. Dans le Golfe, région sensible, il convient de surveiller étroitement les flux commerciaux qui peuvent dissimuler des activités criminelles. Mais il faut aussi, détecter les flux financiers issus d’activités criminelles qui sont recyclés dans l’économie prospère des Émirats. Sur ces deux plans, les Emirats jouent un rôle décisif en raison de ses moyens financiers importants, des technologies de surveillance et de la volonté politique de ses dirigeants. Cette thèse replace l’action des Emirats dans le cadre normatif et institutionnel fixé par des traités, relayé sur place par le droit national. Dans ce domaine, il n’est pas raisonnable de viser la disparition du crime organisé qui est une activité liée à la globalisation des échanges mondiaux. L’objectif des Emirats est de ne pas permettre l’implantation du crime organisé sur son territoire. De ce point de vue, ce but est atteint et les efforts des autorités et des forces de police des Emirats sont tendus vers une consolidation de ce résultat pour l’avenir. / A thesis devoted to the fight against organized crime in the United Arab Emirates may seem rather surprising. Security in this country is at a very high level and the authorities maintain a very strong control over a 90% foreign population. Generally regarded as one of the safest countries in the world, organized crime has no place in the UAE. But the subject is justified because the fight against organized crime can only be conceived in a global framework that puts countries in advanced economies at the forefront. The UAE is a major partner in the strategy and international cooperation that has been developing steadily for more than 30 years to reduce criminal organizations. These still active organizations have been joined by terrorist organizations that finance themselves through trafficking and illegal activities. This junction between crime and terrorism, proven by field investigations, is a factor in worsening instability and a challenge for police forces. In the Gulf, there is a need to closely monitor trade flows that may conceal criminal activity. But it is also necessary to detect financial flows from criminal activities that are recycled in the prosperous economy of the UAE. On both counts, the UAE plays a decisive role because of its significant financial resources, surveillance technologies and the political will of its leaders. This thesis places the action of the Emirates in the normative and institutional framework established by treaties, relayed by national law. In this area, it is unreasonable to target the disappearance of organized crime, which is an activity linked to the globalization of world trade. The achievable objective of the Emirates is not to allow the implantation of organized crime on its territory. From this point of view, this goal is achieved and the efforts of UAE authorities and police forces are tense towards a consolidation of this result for the future.

Thesis advisor: Philip E. Strahan / This dissertation consists of two essays which explore the interface between retail banks and organized criminality. In the first of these, “Dark Banking? Banks and Illicit Financial Flows from the Mexican Drug Trade,” I explore why banks provide financial services to organized-crime syndicates. I also ask whether there is a role for regulation in insulating finance from criminal activity. I address these questions using evidence from the drug trade in Mexico, finding that local drug cartel activity causes an increase in bank deposits, and branch networks grow in affected areas. After the election of a “law-and-order” government, these effects dissipate, with liquidity flowing into branches of U.S. banks along the border. In the second essay, “Bank Branch Networks, Banking Relationships, and Organized Crime,” I explore if banks develop relationships with criminal organizations, exploiting spatial variation in cartel activity, again using Mexico as an empirical laboratory. I test whether banks with prior exposure to criminal activity are more likely to enter areas where cartels operate, as well as whether previous exposure to specific cartels predicts entry into banking markets where said cartels have entered. Results suggest that certain banks do establish these relationships. Bank characteristics that have significant effects on differential behavior regarding collusion with organized criminal organizations are domestic majority equity ownership and bank size. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management. / Discipline: Finance.

Few would argue that college campus crime is a serious problem across the United States. Debate arises, however, regarding why the problem is so pervasive and how best to address it. This dissertation addresses that gap by exploring the nature and magnitude of the college campus crime problem followed by a rationale for studying student perceptions regarding knowledge about and use of victim services resources offered on the University of Central Florida (UCF) campus. Doing so is particularly important in light of the fact that five years have now passed since UCF launched the "Let's Be Clear" campaign designed to raise awareness about the nature and scope of campus crime and victim services resources offered. Participants completed a survey that contained both Likert-type scale items and open-ended questions regarding their awareness of and experiences with UCF victim services resources. A mixed methods analysis revealed four primary conclusions. First, when educated about the resources offered, students demonstrate high levels of self-efficacy regarding the use of victim services resources offered on campus for themselves and others. Second, students perceive high levels of internalization and affective learning regarding the relevance of victim services resources. Third, students report a desire to seek information regarding victim services resources from multiple sources. Fourth, this analysis revealed how communication campaigns that do not adequately address each of the IDEA model elements may fail to achieve affective, cognitive, and behavioral learning among target populations. Ultimately, these conclusions reveal how UCF ought to revisit and revise the "Let's Be Clear" communication campaign to improve achievement of its strategic learning outcome goals among college students.

Due to the fact that narcotics is a highly current topic in the mass media, which draws attention to the prominent change that has taken place in the drug market in recent years, there is therefore not much significant research in the research area linked to Sweden yet. Therefore, this study will focus on investigating how the crime prevention and crime fighting efforts against narcotics are applied by the police in Police Region North in Sweden, as well as which crime prevention efforts the police believe should be used against narcotics in the future. The importance of this investigation can therefore be a contributing factor in creating an understanding of the role of narcotics in society and how the change in the narcotics market means a development in the way the police work. The study is an inductive qualitative method where we used interviews with the police and the Police Authority's strategy documents, which were analyzed separately according to a thematic content analysis with inspiration from Bacchi's analysis method WPR. The result showed how the prominent changes in the drug market constituted forced developments for the Police Agency's strategies and the police's daily work regarding the presented drug problems. Furthermore, we can also see how significant differences are presented between the Police Authority's strategy document and the police's own statements regarding how the crime prevention and crime-fighting work should be carried out, and is actually carried out. Finally, we can conclude that the crime prevention work against narcotics that was previously de-prioritised has resulted in the police today still prioritizing crime-fighting work instead of crime prevention. Which, according to the police's own statements, has led to an increase in drug crime and insecurity in society. / <p>2024-01-12</p>

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

[pt] Nas Américas a política de aprisionamento tem sido crescentemente utilizado como uma forma de lidar com infratores da lei, sendo observado um aumento vertiginosos nas taxas de encarceramento dos países a partir da década de 80. Apesar disso, existe pouca evidencia sobre quanto esse tipo de penalidade afeta os resultados do mercado de trabalho de ex-internos, especialmente no contexto de países subdesenvolvidos. Esse trabalho explora o sorteio dos processos entre juízes das varas criminais, e seus níveis de severidade distintos, como variável instrumental para estimar o efeito do encarceramento nos resultados do mercado de trabalho formal. Foi construída uma base de dados que combinou as sentenças de primeira instancia as varas criminais da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, com o registro formal de emprego da RAIS. Encontramos que o efeito negativo imediato de uma sentença condenatória ao regime fechado ou semi-aberto diminui ao longo do tempo, desaparecendo depois que o indivíduo foi solto. / [en] In Americas imprisonment policy has increasingly been adopted to deal with law offenders, and a steep increase in countries incarceration rates has been observed since the 1980s. Nevertheless, we still lack evidence on how such penalty affects labour market outcomes of ex-inmates, specially in developing countries. This work exploits the variation in detention tendencies of randomly-assigned judges as an instrumental variable to estimate the impacts of incarceration on formal labour market outcomes.We construct a unique panel dataset merging data from São Paulo city court, containing judicial sentence information with formal employment records. Essentially, we compare individuals who were sentenced to prison with those who were not. We find that the immediate negative impact of sentence to prison on employment tends to fade over time and disappear after release.

This research utilizes feminist social control theory to explore college women's fear of crime, specifically rape. Elements within this analysis include: comparisons of males and females on their relative fear of crime in both stranger and acquaintance situations, an assessment of behavioral/social self-restrictions, and an examination of the relative impact of previous victimization on women's fear. Data are derived from a self-administered questionnaire from a non-probability sample of 217 male and female Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University undergraduates in the fall of 1994. Consistent with the hypothesis, women report significantly higher rates of fear in both acquaintance and stranger situations, and also report employing significantly more crime preventative measures than men. However, regression analyses reveal that while gender, acquaintance and stranger fear all have a statistically significant impact on precautionary use, neither fear of rape, nor previous rape victimization are significant. Policy implications and areas for future research are explored. / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1948 P4 / Master of Science